The Origins of the British: The New Prehistory of Britain (79 page)

Forster, P., Harding, R., Torroni, A. and Bandelt, H.-J. (1996), ‘Origin and evolution of Native American mtDNA variation: A reappraisal’,
American Journal of Human Genetics
, 59: 935–45.

Forster, P., Röhl, A., Lünnemann, P., Brinkmann, C. et al. (2000), ‘A short tandem repeat-based phylogeny for the human Y chromosome’,
American Journal of Human Genetics
, 67: 182–96.

Forster, Peter and Toth, Alfred (2003), ‘Toward a phylogenetic chronology of ancient Gaulish, Celtic, and Indo-European’,
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA
, 100: 9079– 84.

Forster, P., Romano, V., Calì, F., Röhl, A. and Hurles, M. (2004), ‘MtDNA markers for Celtic and Germanic language areas in the British Isles’, in Martin Jones (ed.),
Traces of Ancestry: Studies in Honour of Colin Renfrew
, McDonald Institute Monograph Series (Cambridge: McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research), pp. 99–111.

Forster, P., Polzin, T. and Röhl, A. (2006), ‘Evolution of English basic vocabulary within the network of Germanic languages’, in Peter Forster and Colin Renfrew (eds),
Phylogenetic Methods and the Prehistory of Languages
, McDonald Institute Monograph Series (Cambridge: McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research), pp. 131–7.

Forsyth K. (1995) ‘The ogham-inscribed spindle-whorl from Buckquoy: Evidence for the Irish language in pre-Viking Orkney?’,
Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland
, 125: 677–96.

Gamble, C., Davies, W., Pettitt, P. and Richards, M. (2004), ‘Climate change and evolving human diversity in Europe during the last glacial’,
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B
, 359: 243–54.

Gamkrelidze, T. V. and Ivanov, V. V. (1995),
Indo-European and the Indo-Europeans: A Reconstruction and Historical Analysis of a Proto-Language and Proto-Culture
, Trends in Linguistics Vol. 80 (Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter).

Genzmer, F. (1982),
Heliand und die Bruchstücke der Genesis
(Stuttgart: Reclam).

Gildas,
De excidio Britanniae
[Williams, Hugh (trans.) (1899)
Two Lives of Gildas by a Monk of Ruys and Caradoc of Llancarfan
(Cymmrodorion Record Series; facsimile reprint by Llanerch Publishers, Felinfach, 1990)].

Gimbutas, M. (1970), ‘Proto-Indo-European culture: the Kurgan culture during the fifth, fourth and third millennia B.C.’, in G. Cardona et al. (eds),
Indo-European and Indo-Europeans
(Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press), pp. 155–95.

Golding, Brian (2001),
Conquest and Colonisation: The Normans in Britain, 1066–1100
, rev. edn (Basingstoke: Palgrave).

Goodacre, S., Helgason, A., Nicholson, J. and Southam, L. (2005), ‘Genetic evidence for a family-based Scandinavian settlement of Shetland and Orkney during the Viking periods’,
Heredity
, 95(2): 129–35.

Gray, Russell and Atkinson, Quentin (2003), ‘Language-tree divergence times support the Anatolian theory of Indo-European origin’,
Nature
, 426: 435–9.

Gronenborn, D. (2003), ‘Migration, acculturation and culture change in western temperate Eurasia, 6500–5000 cal BC’,
Documenta Praehistorica
, XXX: 79–91.

Gusma, L., Sánchez-Diz, P., Alves, C., Beleza, S. et al. (2003), ‘Grouping of Y-STR haplotypes discloses European geographic clines’,
Forensic Science International
, 134: 172–9.

Haak, W., Forster, P., Bramanti, B., Matsumura, S. et al. (2005), ‘Ancient DNA from the first European farmers in 7500-year-old Neolithic sites’,
Science,
310: 1016–18.

Hachmann, R., Kossack, G. and Kuhn, H. (1962),
Völker zwischen Germanen und Kelten: Schriftquellen, Bodenfunde und Namengut zur Geschichte des nördlichen Westdeutschlands um Christi Geburt
(Neumunster: Karl-Wachholtz-Verlag).

Haetta, O.M. (1996),
The Sami: An Indigenous People of the Arctic
(Karasjok: Davvi Girji).

Hamerow, Helena (1997), ‘Migration theory and the Anglo-Saxon “identity crisis”’, in John Chapman and Helena Hamerow (eds),
Migrations and Invasions in Archaeological Explanation
(Oxford: Archaeopress), pp. 33–44.

Harding, R.M., Healy, E., Ray, A.J., Ellis, N.S. et al. (2000), ‘Evidence for variable selective pressures at the human pigmentation locus, MC1R’,
American Journal of Human Genetics
, 66: 1351–61.

Härke, H. (2002), ‘Kings and warriors: Population and landscape from post-Roman to Norman Britain’, in Paul Slack and Ryk Ward (eds),
The Peopling of Britain: The Shaping of a Human Landscape. The Linacre Lectures
(Oxford University Press), pp. 145–75.

Harrison, R. (1980),
The Beaker Folk
(London: Thames & Hudson).

Helgason, A., Sigurðadóttir, A., Gulcher, J., Ward, R. and Stefánsson, K. (2000a), ‘MtDNA and the origin of the Icelanders: Deciphering signals of recent population history’,
American Journal of Human Genetics
, 66: 999–1016.

Helgason, A., Sigurðadóttir, A., Nicholson, J., Sykes, B. et al. (2000b), ‘Estimating Scandinavian and Gaelic ancestry in the male settlers of Iceland’,
American Journal of Human Genetic
s, 67: 697–717.

Helgason, A., Hickey, E., Goodacre, S. and Bosnes, V. (2001), ‘mtDNA and the islands of the North Atlantic: Estimating the proportions of Norse and Gaelic ancestry’,
American Journal of Human Genetics
, 68: 723–37.

Helgason, A., Nicholson, G., Stefánsson, K. and Donnelly, P. (2003), ‘A reassessment of genetic diversity in Icelanders: Strong evidence
from multiple loci for relative homogeneity caused by genetic drift’,
Annals of Human Genetics
, 67: 281–97.

Herodotus,
Histories
[Macaulay, G.C. (trans.) (2001)
An Account of Egypt
(440–430
BC
), Project Gutenberg, etext 2131].

Heyerdahl, Thor and Lillieström, Per (2001),
Jakten på Odin: På sporet av vår fortid
(‘The Search for Odin’) (Oslo: J.M. Stenersens).

Higham, N. (1992),
Rome, Britain, and the Anglo-Saxons
(London: Seaby).

Hill, E.W., Jobling, M.A. and Bradley, D.G. (2000). ‘Y-chromosome variation and Irish origins’,
Nature
, 404: 351–2.

Hills, Catherine (1998), ‘Did the people of Spong Hill come from Schleswig-Holstein?’
Sonderdruck aus Studien zur Sachsenforschung
, 11: 145–54.

Hinde (2004)
see under
Domesday Book. Hines, John (1992), ‘The Scandinavian character of Anglian England: An update’, in Martin Carver (ed.),
The Age of Sutton Hoo: The Seventh Century in North-western Europe
(Woodbridge, Suffolk: Boydell Press), chapter 22.

Hladik, C.M., Hladik, A., Linares, O.F., Pagezy, H. et al. (eds) (1993),
Tropical Forests, People and Food. Biocultural Interactions and Applications to Development
(Paris: UNESCO Publications).

Hodges, Richard (1989),
The Anglo-Saxon Achievement
(London: Duckworth).

Hoppa, R.D. and FitzGerald, C.M. (eds) (1999),
Human Growth in the Past
(Cambridge University Press).

Hurles, M.E., Nicholson, J., Bosch, E., Renfrew, C. et al. (2002), ‘Y chromosomal evidence for the origins of Oceanic-speaking peoples’,
Genetics
, 160: 289–303.

Jackson, Kenneth (1953),
Language and History in Early Britain
(Edinburgh University Press).

Jackson, K.H. (1955), ‘The Pictish language’, in F.T. Wainwright (ed.),
The Problem of the Picts
(Edinburgh: Nelson), pp. 129–66.

James, Simon (1999),
The Atlantic Celts: Ancient People or Modern Invention?
(London: British Museum Press).

Jansen, T., Forster, P., Levine, M.A., Oelke, H. et al. (2002), ‘Mitochondrial DNA and the origins of the domestic horse’,
Proceedings of the National Academy of Science of the USA
, 99: 10905–10.

Julius Caesar,
The Gallic Wars
[McDevitte, W.A. and Bohn, W.S. (trans.) (1869)
De Bello Gallico
(New York: Harper & Brothers)].

Kent, J.P.C. (1981), ‘The origins of coinage in Britain’, in Cunliffe (1981a), pp. 40–2.

Kope, Ada C. (1970),
The Distribution of the Blood Groups in the United Kingdom
(London: Oxford University Press).

Kortlandt, F. (1999), ‘The origin of the Old English dialects revisited’,
Amsterdamer Beiträge zur älteren Germanistik
, 51, 45–51.

Kozlowski, J. and Bandi, H.G. (1984), ‘The paleohistory of circumpolar arctic colonization’,
Arctic
, 37: 359–72.

Kuhn, H. (1962), ‘Das Zeugnis der Namen’, in Hachmann et al. (1962), pp. 105–35.

Lamason, R.L., Mohideen, M.-A.P., Mest, J.R., Wong, A.C. et al. (2005), ‘SLC24A5 affects pigmentation in zebrafish and man’,
Science
, 310: 1782–6.

Lambert, P.-Y. (1994)
La Langue Gauloise
(Paris: Editions Errance).

Leeds, E.T. (1912), ‘The distribution of the Anglo-Saxon saucer brooch in relation to the Battle of Bedford
AD
571,
Archaeologia
2ND SER
, 13: 159–202.

Lejeune, M. (1988),
Recueil des inscriptions Gauloises
, Supplément à Gallia 45, Vol. 2 (Paris: CNRS Editions).

Lewis, C. Andrew (1996), ‘Prehistoric mining at the Great Orme: Criteria for the identification of early mining’, M.Phil thesis, University of Wales, Bangor Agricultural and Forest Sciences. (available on-line at
http://www.greatorme.freeserve.co.uk/MPhil.htm
>).

Lhuyd, Edward (1707),
Archaeologia Britannica: Giving some account Additional to what has been hitherto publish’d, of the Languages, Histories, and Customs of the Original Inhabitants of Great Britain
(Oxford).

Macalister, R.A. Stewart (ed. & trans.) (1938–56),
Lebor Gabála Érenn
(1st extant recension
The Book of Leinster
, c.1150), Vols 34, 35, 39, 41, 44 (London: Irish Texts Society).

McCone, K. (1996),
Towards a Relative Chronology of Ancient and Medieval Celtic Sound Change
(Maynooth: Department of Old and Middle Irish, St. Patrick’s College).

McEvoy, B., Richards, M., Forster, P. and Bradley, D.G. (2004), ‘The
Longue Durée
of genetic ancestry: Multiple genetic marker systems and Celtic origins on the Atlantic facade of Europe’,
American Journal of Human Genetics
, 75: 693–702.

McMahon, April and McMahon, Robert (2003), ‘Finding families: Quantitative methods in language classification’,
Transactions of the Philological Society
, 101: 7–55.

McMahon, A. and McMahon, R. (2006), ‘Why linguists don’t do dates: Evidence from Indo-European and Australian languages’, in Peter Forster and Colin Renfrew (eds),
Phylogenetic Methods and the Prehistory of Languages
, McDonald Institute Monograph Series (Cambridge: McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research), pp. 153–60.

Marichal, R. (1988),
Les Graffites de la Graufesenque
, Supplément à Gallia 47 (Paris: CNRS Editions).

Melton, N.D. and Nicholson, R.A. (2004), ‘The Mesolithic in the Northern Isles: The preliminary evaluation of an oyster midden at West Voe, Sumburgh, Shetland, U.K.’,
Antiquity
78(299),
http://antiquity.ac.uk/ProjGall/nicholson
>.