The Penguin History of Britain: New Worlds, Lost Worlds:The Rule of the Tudors 1485-1630 (80 page)

Ratcliffe, John, Lord Fitzwalter, Steward to Henry VII
32

Ratcliffe, Robert, Lord Fitzwalter, 1st Earl of Sussex
144

Ratcliffe, Thomas, 3rd Earl of Sussex, Lord Deputy of Ireland
227–30
,
249
,
270

Rathlin Island
261

real presence
see
Eucharist

Reading, Abbot of
56

rebellion
26
,
29
,
30–34
,
84
,
85
,
126–9
,
140
,
141
,
145
,
147
,
156
,
163
,
173–8
,
179
,
185–8
,
190–91
,
193
,
194
,
198
,
201–2
,
215
,
220
,
232
,
236–7
,
295
,
310

Recalde, Juan Martínez de, Vice-Admiral
291

recantation
see
abjuration

recusancy (Catholic)
264–6
,
282
,
330
,
333–5

recusancy (puritan)
329
,
330

Redesdale, Northumberland
16
,
69
liberty of
167
,
168
,
169
Robin of
174

Regnans in excelsis
(1570)
237
,
264

reivers
16
,
72

relics
131
,
204
,
360

Renard, Simon, Imperial ambassador
200

resistance, theory of
366
Calvinist
211–12
,
219
Catholic
332
,
335–6

Restraint of Appeals, Act in (1533)
120

retaining
27
,
29
,
37
,
66–7
,
143–9
,
167
,
191
,
194
,
195
,
322
badges
67
,
74

Rheims
308

rhetoric
92
,
97
,
109

Rich, Barnaby
322
,
344

Rich, Penelope, Lady Rich, Essex’s sister, Philip Sidney’s muse, and Mountjoy’s mistress
348

Rich, Sir Richard, Solicitor-General, later Lord Rich, Lord Chancellor
148
,
164

Richard II, King of England
144
,
268
,
348

Richard III, King of England
7
,
12
,
14
,
24–6
,
66
,
144
,
182
and the north
26
,
33
,
174
as Duke of Gloucester
4
,
17
parricide
25
History of King Richard III
4–6

‘Richard IV’
see
Warbeck, Perkin

Richard of York
see
Plantagenet, Richard

Richmond, Duchess of
see
Fitzroy

Ridley, Nicholas, Bishop of London
196
,
210

Ridolfi, Roberto, papal agent
237–8
,
246

rings
cramp
53
marriage
60
,
242
memorial
46

riot
43

Roanoke Island, Virginia
275

Robsart, Amy, wife of Lord Robert Dudley
225

Roche, Maurice, Lord Roche of Fermoy
345

Rochester, Kent
202

Rochester, Sir Robert, Comptroller of Mary’s household
199

Rochford, Viscount
see
Boleyn, George

Rogationtide
60

Rogers, John
208

Rokeby, Ralph, Chief Justice of Connacht
254

Rome
44
,
79
,
92
,
114
,
115
,
117
,
219
,
313
,
330
,
341
,
354
English College at
266
Sack of
108
,
111
,
113

roods and rood screens
42
,
48
,
130–31
,
188
,
205–6

Roper, William
94
,
96
,
135

rosaries
188
,
195

Roscommon, county
21

Rota
114

Rouen, Normandy
317

‘Rough Wooing’
136
,
179

Rugge
alias
Reppes, William, Bishop of Norwich
187

Russell, Sir John, 1st Lord Russell, 1st Earl of Bedford
148
,
186
,
191
,
192

Russell, Sir William, Lord Deputy of Ireland
325
,
326

Ruthven Raid (1582)
272

Rutland
185

Rutland, earls of
see
Manners

Sackville, Sir Thomas, Lord Buckhurst, Lord Treasurer
226
,
350

sacramentarian heresy
see
Eucharist

sacrilege
188
,
204–5

St Agatha, Richmondshire
129

St Albans Abbey
100

St Andrews
180

St Bartholomew’s Night, massacres of (1572)
248
,
271

St Cuthbert of Durham
128
,
236

St Denis, France
317

St George of England
12
,
104

St Helena
279

St John of Bridlington
47

St Leger, Sir Anthony, Lord Deputy of Ireland
159–60

St Leger, Sir Warham, President of Munster
230
,
231
,
260
,
352

St Mary Clyst, Devon
188

St Patrick’s Purgatory, Lough Derg
45
,
361

saints
43
,
44–5
,
46–8
,
49
,
79
,
210
,
289
,
360
challenged
88
,
94
,
98
,
122
,
127
,
190
,
205

Salisbury, Wiltshire
86

Salamanca, Spain
Irish College
359

Samuel, Mother
302–3

San Juán de Ulúa, Mexico
275

sanctuary
5
,
119
,
167–8
,
169

Sanders, Nicholas
264

Saracens
44
,
207
,
255

satire
4
,
92
,
329
,
364

Sauchieburn, Battle of (1488)
30

Savile, Sir Henry
348

schools
21
,
87
,
91

Scilly Isles
291

Scotland
13
,
180
,
213
,
293
,
323
,
329
,
351
alliance with England
136
,
179
,
221–2
alliance with Gaelic and Gaelicized lords of Ireland
15–16
,
159
,
229
,
230
‘auld alliance’ with France
15
,
30
,
105
,
107
,
136
,
179–80
,
183
,
201
,
218–19
,
221–2
,
272
faction
136
,
179–80
Gaedhealtacht
19
invasion from Scotland
33
,
133
,
137
,
218
,
220
,
272
monasteries
179–80
relations with England
15
,
26
,
30
,
32–3
,
35
,
143
,
168
,
179–80
,
218–19
,
221–2
,
225
,
234
,
235
,
268
,
272
war with England
15
,
32
,
136
,
144
,
175
,
179–80
,
183
,
232–3
see also
Calvinism
,
Scotland

Scripture
see
Bible

Scrope family, of Bolton
71

Sea Beggars
247

seminary priests
265–6
,
287
,
332–4
,
351
,
359
,
360

separation
60
,
63
,
65
,
69
,
119

serfdom
see
bondmen

sermons
see
preaching

servants
44
,
53
,
57
,
58
,
60
,
62
,
72
,
73
,
75
,
82–3
,
86

service, ethos of
3–4
,
73
,
74
,
104
,
110
,
144

Seymour, Anne, Duchess of Somerset
184

Seymour, Sir Edward, 1st Earl of Hertford, Duke of Somerset, Lord Protector
148
,
181
conspiracy
194–5
Lord Protector
182–92
and the poor
183–5
,
186
,
191
,
192–3
and Scotland
179–80
,
183

Seymour, Sir Thomas, Baron Seymour of Sudeley, Lord Admiral
146
,
182–3
,
191

Shakespeare, William
252
,
310
,
364
Hamlet
46
,
364–7
Henry IV, Part I
142
,
344
Richard II
351

Shannon, river
256

sheep-farming
3
,
11
,
184
,
185
,
187

sheriffs
162
,
166
,
198
,
265
,
332

ships
Ark Royal
291
Delight
280
Disdain
291
Due Repulse
338
Galleon Leicester
279
Rainbow
338
Revenge
291
Squirrel
280
Triumph
291
Victory
291
Warspite
338

Shrewsbury
9

Shrewsbury, earls of
see
Talbot

shrines
47–8
,
57
,
131
,
157

Shropshire
9
,
147

Sidney, Sir Henry, Lord Deputy of Ireland
227
,
229–31
,
255–62
,
281
,
318
,
319
,
322

Sidney, Sir Philip
146
,
248
,
250
,
254
,
268
,
271
,
272
,
273
,
274
,
278
,
280
,
281
,
286
,
304
,
309
,
314
,
335
Old Arcadia
273

Sidney, Sir Robert
309
,
337
,
338

Sierra Leone
281

Simier, Jean de, Baron de Saint-Marc
270

Simnel, Lambert
26

sin
85
,
186
,
252
,
300
Fall, the
172
,
240
,
252
,
304
mirroring punishment for
45
,
59
Original Sin
38–9
,
52
,
56
,
94
satisfaction for
39
,
49
,
65–6
,
94
Seven Deadly Sins
37
,
58
teaching upon
51
,
56
,
62–3
,
64

Six Articles, Act of (1539)
133–4
,
184

Sixteen, the
315
,
316

Sixtus V, Pope
290

Skelton, John
35

Skip, John, Queen Anne’s Almoner
123

Sligo, county
293
,
322
,
324
,
360
town
150

Sliocht Airt
see
O’Neill of Omagh

small holding
62
half-yardland
62

Smeaton, Mark, musician
124

Smith, Robert
209

Smerwick, Co. Kerry
263
,
264

Smith, Sir Thomas, Secretary of State
141
,
260

Solomon, King of Israel
Henry VII and
36
Henry VIII and
112
,
123

Solway Moss, Battle of (1542)
136

Somerset
33
,
54
,
185
,
191

Somerset, Charles, Earl of Worcester
148

Somerset, Henry, 2nd Earl of Worcester
148