The Penguin History of Britain: New Worlds, Lost Worlds:The Rule of the Tudors 1485-1630 (73 page)

Essex, earls of
see
Cromwell
and
Devereux

Eskimoes
278

Étaples, Treaty of (1492)
30–31

Ethiopia
272

ethnology
257–8

Eucharist
Cranmer and
132
,
189–90
,
196–7
Luther and
98–9
Mass
1
,
41–4
,
48
,
51
,
58
,
60
,
66
,
74
,
78
,
79
,
81
,
87
,
122
,
123
,
134
,
188
,
191
,
195
,
203–7
,
208
,
210
,
234
,
235
,
265
,
266
,
331
,
332
,
359
,
363
;
Mass of the Five Wounds of Christ
49
;
Mass of the Holy Ghost
294
;
Mass of the Holy Name of Jesus
43
,
49
,
189
;
morrow Mass
49
,
74
,
189
;
private masses and requiems
43
,
67
,
77
,
79
,
95
,
245
memorialism
87–8
,
99
real or corporeal presence
87
,
132
reservation of elements
66
,
190
,
196
,
200
,
205
,
214
sacramentaries
99
,
133
,
134
,
188
,
209
sacrifice
95
,
188
,
190
,
209
spiritual presence
132
,
189–90
,
196–7
transubstantiation
42
,
189
,
206
,
209
Wyclif and
85
,
87
see also
Book of Common Prayer
;
Communion, Holy
;
Corpus Christi

Eustace, James, Viscount Baltinglas
262–3

evangelical religion
91
,
93–100
,
111
,
113
,
114
,
117–8
,
122
,
123
,
125
,
126
,
129
,
130–38
,
180–81
,
184
,
188–90
,
191
,
192
,
193
,
195–7
,
198–9
,
203–5
,
207–10
,
240
,
242
,
252–3

Eve
38

Evil May Day (1517)
174

Ewelme, Oxfordshire
33

excommunication
83
,
92
,
237
,
264
,
351
,
352

execution
16
,
32
,
34
,
121
,
124
,
134
,
139
,
141
,
147
,
156
,
162
,
163–4
,
171
,
183
,
195
,
202
,
238
,
249
,
288
,
289
,
323
,
331

Exeter, Devon
191

Exeter, Marquess of
see
Courtenay, Henry

Exchequer, Court of
in England
102
,
164
in Ireland
20
,
164

exile and exiles
7
,
13
,
99
,
100
,
114
,
119
,
131
,
135
,
159
,
171
,
184
,
204
,
207–8
,
211
,
217
,
240
,
251
,
287
,
308
,
334
,
335

exorcism
52
,
303

exploration
274–82

faction
35
,
110–11
,
123–5
,
134–8
,
155–6
,
159
,
227
,
228–30
,
248
,
335
,
336
,
341
,
350
,
353
balance of
230
,
313
,
338

‘familiars’
301

famine
211
,
263
,
297–8
,
318
,
321
,
352–3
,
355

Farnese, Alexander, Prince of Parma, Governor-General of the Netherlands
271
,
272
,
283
,
284
,
286
,
290
,
291
,
293
,
294
,
316

fasting
90
,
108
,
303

favourites
108
,
129
,
137
,
138
,
223
,
235
,
249
,
311–14
,
336
,
337
,
338
,
339
,
347

Fenton, Captain Edward
278–9
,
281

Fenton, Sir Geoffrey, Secretary of State for Ireland
344

Ferdinand of Aragon
30

Fermanagh, lordship of
171
,
324
,
326

Fernandez, Peter, and wife
65

feuds
14
,
15
,
16–17
,
23
,
30
,
144
,
171
,
229
,
249
blood feud
169
,
171

feudal tenure
24
,
28
,
142
,
160

Field, John, presbyterian leader
242
,
243
,
252
,
328

Field of the Cloth of Gold (1520)
107

field systems
9

Fifth Lateran Council
91

Finglas, Sir Patrick, Chief Justice of the King’s Bench in Ireland
157

Finisterre
339

Fish, Simon
114
Supplication for the Beggars
114

Fisher, John, St, Bishop of Rochester
91
,
96
,
114
,
116
,
118
,
163

Fitton, Sir Edward, President of Connacht
261

Fitzalan family
143

Fitzalan, Henry, 12th Earl of Arundel
148
,
186
,
192
,
194
,
199
,
224
,
236
,
272–3

Fitzalan, William, 11th Earl of Arundel
146

Fitzgerald (of Desmond) family
23–4
,
228
,
255
,
261
,
262
,
263
,
321
,
345
,
353

Fitzgerald, James, 9th Earl of Desmond
23

Fitzgerald, Maurice Bacach, 10th Earl of Desmond
30–31

Fitzgerald, James Fitzmaurice, 11th Earl of Desmond
107
,
155
,
156

Fitzgerald, Gerald Fitz James, 15th Earl of Desmond
228–30
,
257
,
262–3
,
345

Fitzgerald, James Fitzgerald, 16th Earl of Desmond
353

Fitzgerald James Fitz Thomas, ‘the súgán Earl’
345
,
350
,
352
,
353

Fitzgerald, James Fitzmaurice
230–31
,
254
,
262–3

Fitzgerald, Sir John, of Desmond
262

Fitzgerald, Thomas, Knight of Glin
345

Fitzgerald (of Kildare) family
24
,
26
,
30–32
,
149
,
257

Fitzgerald, Garret Mór, 8th Earl of Kildare, Lord Deputy of Ireland
24
,
26
,
30
,
31
,
32
,
149
,
150
,
154–5

Fitzgerald, Garret Óg, 9th Earl of Kildare, Lord Deputy of Ireland
63
,
141
,
148–9
,
150
,
154–5
,
170

Fitzgerald, Gerald, 11th Earl of Kildare
158
,
228
,
229
,
257
,
263

Fitzgerald, Henry, 12th Earl of Kildare
75

Fitzgerald, Thomas, 7th Earl of Kildare
24

Fitzgerald, Thomas, Lord Offaly, 10th Earl of Kildare, ‘Silken Thomas’
83
,
156
,
158

Fitzgibbon, Edmund, the White Knight
345

Fitzjames, Richard, Bishop of London
86

Fitzroy, Mary, Duchess of Richmond
138

Fitzwilliam, Sir William, Lord Deputy of Ireland
258
,
321–3
,
325
,
342

Five wounds of Christ
48–9
,
128
,
236

Flamank, Thomas
175

Flanders, Netherlands province
201
,
283
,
287

flatterers and flattery
92
,
109–10
,
126
,
249
,
267
,
268
,
274
,
314
,
366

Flodden, Battle of (1513)
105
,
136

Flushing, Zeeland
247
,
255
,
282
,
309
,
337

fools
73
,
92
,
121
,
216

Ford of the Biscuits, Battle of the (1594)
325

Fore Abbey, Co. Westmeath
21

Forest, John, Observant Franciscan
130

forests
9
,
11
,
19
,
149
,
352

Forman, Dr
97

Fortuna, goddess
147
,
367

Fotheringay Castle, Northamptonshire
288
,
289

foundlings
82
,
310

Four Masters
154
,
354
,
358
,
360

Fox, Richard, Bishop of Winchester
35

Foxe, Edward, Bishop of Hereford
117

Foxe, John
110
,
241
,
275
,
278
Acts and Monuments (‘Book of Martyrs’)
241
,
278

Framlingham, Suffolk
198
,
199

France
99
,
114
,
115
,
125
,
141
,
142
,
159
,
213
,
215
civil wars of
218–19
,
232
,
245
,
246–8
,
283
,
315–17
English claims to throne of
13
,
104
English relations with: under Henry VII
25
,
29
,
30–31
;
Henry VIII
104–8
,
111
,
120
,
133
,
136–7
,
144
;
Edward VI
179–80
,
183
;
Mary
201
;
Elizabeth
218–20
,
221–3
,
245–8
,
268–73
,
283
,
315–17
,
341
English wars with
25
,
30
,
104–8
,
136–8
,
144
,
210–11
see also
Calvinism, France

Francis, Elizabeth
302

Francis I, King of France
106
,
107
,
108
,
115
,
133
,
155

Francis II, King of France
183
,
218
,
219
,
222

Freke, Edmund, Bishop of Norwich
267

friars
79–81
,
92
,
159
Dominicans
32
Observant Franciscans in England
81
,
119
,
126
,
130
;
in Ireland
81
,
126
,
157
,
360

friends and friendship
1
,
28
,
44
,
45
,
46
,
51
,
52
,
53
,
66
,
67
,
69
,
70
,
77–8
,
79
,
86
,
93
,
99
,
109
,
110
,
123
,
124
,
138
,
144
,
166
,
229–30
,
235
,
237
,
250
,
285
,
325
,
330
,
335
,
336–7
,
341
,
348
,
366
‘back friends’
261
holy friends
39
,
44–5
,
47
Of friendship
(1481)
109
women friends
53
,
66

Frith, John
132

Frobisher, Sir Martin
275–8
,
281

funerals
66–8
,
77