Savage Continent: Europe in the Aftermath of World War II (92 page)

1945—46 map
2005 commemoration ceremonies
Allied Control Commission
aristocracy targeted by Communists
clergy targeted by Communists
Communists: ejection of; and the myth of the communist ‘lost victory’; and political violence; reaction to; targets; total activists
Court of Cassation
destruction in
displaced persons
Extraordinary Courts of Assize
factory bosses targeted by Communists
food shortages
Jewish return
Jews
northern: Communists; displaced persons camps; industrial liberation; industrial power inversion; purge on Fascists; reaction to Communists; shaving/shearing of women violence; workplace opportunities
and Pansa’s
Il sangue dei vinti
prisoners of war
purge on Fascists
resistance
Risorgimento
Rome
see
Rome
southern; agricultural reform; land occupation by peasants; moral destruction; Naples
see
Naples; purge on Fascists
Soviet-held prisoners of war
vagrant children
village uprisings against the state
violence
and Yugoslavia: 2005 commemoration of atrocities; expulsion of Italians from Yugoslavia

Jaroslaw
Jasenovac
Jaworzno camp
Jerusalem
Jewish Joint Distribution Committee, American
Jews

anti-Semitism, extermination and loss of: Baltic partisans and anti-Semitism; and blood libel; British postwar anti-Semitism; in Croatia; death camps
see
concentration camps; Holocaust
see also
Holocaust; in Hungary; and the Jews as capitalists; and the Jews as Communists; in Poland; and the postwar Jewish flight; postwar resurfacing of anti-Semitism; in Ukraine; Volhynian Jews; wartime violence throughout eastern Europe
displaced persons camps for
flight; Brichah movement; to Palestine
honourable treatment of
Nazi stereotypical image of
and Palestine
property
return; and fight over property; France; Holland; Hungary; Italy; to Palestine; and postwar myths; USA
sheltering and rescuing of
survivors; ‘Avengers’; playing down of vengeance; revenge of Jewish prisoners; rights; violent behaviour of freed Jews
victimization after the war

Jodl, Alfred August
Joint Distribution Committee
Jovanovi
, Dragoljub
Judt, Tony
Justice Ministry
juvenile delinquency

Kabai, Eszter Toth
Kaławska
Kalibová, Miloslava
Kaljurand, Ants
Kálmán, Balázs
Kalniškës, battle of
Kamnik
Katyn
Keizer, Frank
Kennan, George E
Kharkov
Khrushchev, Nikita
Kielce pogrom
Kientopf, Anna
Kientopf, Annelore
Kiev
Kiselev, Salman
Klappholz, Kurt
Klaus, Václav
Kleitso
Kliachkivs’kyi, Dmytro
Klimasz, Anna
Klodzko prison
Knoller, Alfred
Knorr, Karl August
Ko
evje
Koenig, Pierre
Kohn, Alexandre
Königsberg
Koopman, Rita
Kopelev, Lev
Korwin, Marta
Kostakis, Panayotis
Kostov, Traicho
Kostrzyn Odrza
ski
Kovaly, Heda
Kovner, Abba
Krakaj, Franjo
Kraków
Kramer, Josef
Krasnaya Zvezda
Krasnopol’ye
Kratsov, Second Lieutenant
Kruglov, Sergei
Kude
íková, Marie
Kunmadaras
Kurnedz, Pinkus
Küstrin
Kuti, Ferenc

Laar, Mart
Labanauskienë, Eleonora
labour camps see slave-labour camps
Laila, Tove
Lama Mocogno
Lamb, G. H.
Lambinowice/Lamsdorf camp
land reform
Lane, Arthur Bliss
Lapland
Lasko
Latvia

anti-Soviet resistance
deportations

Le Havre
League of German Girls
Leclerc, Philippe
Leino, Yrjö
Leipzig
Łemkos
Leningrad, siege
Leo, Fritz
Levi, Primo
Levine, Joseph
Lévis-Mirepoix, Duc de
Lewis, Norman
lice
Lidice massacre
Lieberman, Celina
Lipin, Lieutenant
Lisbon Treaty
Lithuania

anti-Soviet resistance
battle of Kalniškës
BDPS (General Democratic Resistance Movement)
collectivization of farms
deportations
ending of the war
‘Iron Wolf’ regiment
Jews
Soviet terror

Ljubljana
London
looting

anti-Semitic
shooting of looters

Lorgeril, Christian de
Lotnik, Waldemar
Lübeck
Luca, Vasile
Lufotposten
Lukša, Juozas
Partizanai
Luxembourg
Lwów
Lyon
Lysaker Bridge

Machuswerder
Magyars
Mainz
Majdanek concentration camp
Makó
Makronisos camps
malaria
Malinova, Hedviga
malnutrition
see also
famine; starvation
Maniu, Iuliu
Manus, Max
Manzoni counts
margarine
Maribor
Mariental
Markov, Georgi
Markulis, Juozas
La Marseillaise
Marseilles
Marshall, George C.
Marshall Plan/Aid
Marxism
Masaryk, Jan
Maschke Commission
Maschke, Erich
masculinity, French
Mašin, Josef
Mayne, Richard
McCarthy, Joe
McCloy, John
McCormick, Anne O’Hare
meat
Mecklenburg
Medolla
Melissa
Memmingen
Mendo
, Bronisława
Metgethen
Mezzogiorno peasants
Michael of Romania
Mielcarek, Henryk Jan
Mihalache, Ion
Mikolajczyk, Stanisław
Milan

vagrant children

Milice
milk
Millions Like Us
Minsk
Mirotti, Ferdinando
Miskolc
Moch, Jules
Molotov, Vyacheslav
Monasterace
Monnet, Jean
Montenegrins
Montgomery, Bernard
Moon, A. G.
Moorehead, Alan
morality/moral destruction

and the black market
and children
and dehumanization
in labour camps
looting, theft and
see also
looting; theft
and prostitution
and rape
see also
rape
sexual
see also
rape; in labour camps
and the treatment of prisoners of war
see also
prisoners of war
and vengeance
see
vengeance
and violence
see also
vengeance

Morel, Salomon
Morgan, Sir Frederick
Morgenthau, Henry
Moroccan troops
Moscow
Mosley Leonard
Mõttus, Aksel
Mõttus, Hugo
Mülde, river
Müller, Jens
Munich
Murphy, Robert
Murrow, Edward R.
Muslims

killed in the Bleiburg-Maribor area
massacres
in Yugoslavia

Mussolini, Benito

corpse

mutilation
Mykonos
Mysłowice camp
myths

of the communist ‘lost victory’
conflict of
and the cult of heroism
national/nationalist mythology
of national unity
postwar myth-making

Nacht und Nebel
camps
Nagy, Ferenc
Nagy, Imre
Najduch, Rozalia
Naples

moral destruction
vagrant children

National and Social Liberation (EKKA)
National Committee for Repatriation
National Democratic Front (NDF)
National Liberation Front (EAM)
National Peasant Party, Romanian

newspaper,
Curierul

National Republican Greek League (EDES)
national unity

myths
Papandreou’s ‘government of national unity’

nationalism
see also
resistance movements

Baltic States
Croatian nationalists
Czechoslovakia
fascist
see
Fascists
and homogeneous states
see also
ethnic cleansing
Hungarian reactionary
ideological struggle with communism
see also
Communists/communism: anti-Communist resistance
national hatreds
see
also race: racial/ ethnic hatred; hatred of Jews
see
Jews: anti-Semitism, extermination and loss of
national mythology
National Socialism see Nazis/Nazism
nationalist fighting
Poland
Poles killed by Ukrainian nationalists
see also
ethnic cleansing: of Poland and Ukraine
Serb nationalists
Slovenian nationalists
and the Soviet cause
Ukrainian nationalists
ultra-nationalism
violence as an opportunity for

Natzweiler-Struthof camp, Alsace
Naumann, Marie
Nazis/Nazism

collaborators with
see
collaborators of the Nazis
death camps
see
concentration camps
Holocaust
see also
Holocaust
identity cards
ideology: and German teenagers; mirrored in British press; of racial hatred
legacy of ethnic hatred
Lidice massacre and destruction
and Polish/Ukrainian ethnic violence
practices mirrored in treatment of Germans after the war
see also
vengeance
and Prague
propaganda
starvation policy
treatment of SS men on camp liberations
trials

NDF (National Democratic Front)
Neifalta,Albina
Neifalta, Jonas (‘Pilot’)
Nejedlý, Zden
k
Nemmersdorf
Netherlands see Holland
New York Herald Tribune
New York Times
Nicolski, Alexandru
Nîmes
Nissen huts
NKVD