A Big Fat Crisis (42 page)
Authors: Deborah Cohen
Food cues,
204
Food decisions,
48–49
Food deserts,
79–80
Food displays,
80–82
,
81 (photo)
,
133
and collective action,
207–208
evolutionary roots of,
65
and food consumption,
51
government regulation of,
140–141
thirty-year transformation of,
71
at University of Pennsylvania,
69–71
ways to change,
187–190
Food 4 Less,
80
Food images, vs. nonfood images,
48
Food industry
aggressive nature of,
74–75
and food variety,
60
and government regulation, argument against,
196
marketing strategies of,
204
professionalizing of,
160–161
and profit motive,
77–78
Food outlets
consumer behavior laboratory in,
145
design and management of,
144–145
drive-through,
135
in the future,
205–206
government regulation of,
134–135
and restrictions on hours of operation,
134–135
and soda, standardized serving sizes of,
130–131
See also
Supermarkets
Food pantries, and fruits and vegetables,
153
in nonfood establishments,
82
See also
Placement
Food pleasantness ratings,
57–58
Food price,
71–73
Food processing, technological advances in,
71–72
Food purchasing, meal planning, and consumption, link between,
154
Food sales,
80
Food service employees, nutrition training for,
160–161
Food sustainability,
149–150
Francis, Lori,
23
Free speech,
136
Fruits and vegetables
carbon footprint of,
150
daily requirement for,
148
and food pantries,
153
vs. sweet, salty, fatty foods/junk foods,
3
,
25
See also
Dietary Guidelines for Americans
;
Healthy food
The Gates
exhibit,
176
Geier, Andrew,
129–130
General Mills,
77
and alcohol, addiction to,
126
Global warming,
185
and food consumption and production,
119–120
and urban design,
172–173
Glucose,
30–31
Goal-gradient hypothesis,
92
“Gourmet” junk food,
82
Government certification programs,
148
,
157–158
,
159
,
189
.
See also
Government regulation
Government employees,
189–190
Government health-labeling,
148
.
See also
Labeling/labeling programs
Government health regulations, of restaurants,
146
,
157–158
Government regulation,
9–10
,
111–112
,
145–147
of alcohol/alcohol consumption,
122–123
,
125–126
,
126–128
,
127 (table)
,
129
,
134
,
138
,
139
,
140
,
141
,
147
argument against, by food industry,
196
of candy,
9
and chronic disease, prevention of,
158–160
of combo meals,
134
as constraints on salience, marketing, convenience, and accessibility,
203
cost of,
192–195
evaluation of,
161
and food availability,
134–135
and food environment,
140–141
and food outlets,
134–135
and the future,
205–206
impact of,
161
and impulse marketing,
132–133
need for,
197–205
and portion size,
9
and proof of effectiveness,
203
and public health approach,
197–198
,
204
of restaurants,
9
,
145–147
,
158–160
of retail outlets,
133
of salt,
146
of soda, in New York City,
130–131
of supermarkets,
132–133
,
158–160
See also
Government certification programs
;
Labeling/labeling programs
;
Performance standards
;
Restaurant standards
Government subsidies,
156
Grain-based food,
74
Great Depression,
17
Green Revolution,
71
Grocery stores
design and management of,
144–145
traditional, vs. supermarkets and warehouse stores,
75
See also
Supermarkets
Gupta, Alok,
5
Habits,
192
Habituation,
59
Haire, Mason,
89–90
Halford, Jason,
95
Hamstra, Petra,
104
Happiness, and rewards,
97
Harkin, Tom,
194
Harris, Jennifer,
95
Hatch, Orrin,
194
and sanitation, government regulation of,
109
,
146
See also
Obesity epidemic
Health Food Financing Initiative,
79
Health inspectors,
146
Health maintenance organization (HMO),
155–156
Health professionals,
160
and dieting,
146–147
See also
Chronic disease
;
Disease
;
individual diseases
Healthy diet
guidelines for (
see
Dietary Guidelines for Americans
)
Healthy food,
48
high price of,
72
and supermarkets,
79–80
vs. unhealthy food, and health risks,
146–147
vs. unhealthy food, and priming,
95–96
vs. unhealthy food, and warehouse stores,
80
See also
Dietary Guidelines for Americans
;
Fruits and vegetables
Heart disease,
4
,
14
,
123
,
163
,
170
and overfeeding,
5–6
See also
Chronic disease
;
Disease
Heatherton, Todd,
29
Herman, C. Peter,
105
Herbs and spices,
154
Herman, Judy,
191
Herniated discs,
170
.
See also
Chronic disease
;
Disease
The Hidden Persuaders
(Packard),
65
Higgs, Suzanne,
39
High-fructose corn syrup,
74
Hill, James,
19
HMO.
See
Health maintenance organization
Hofmann, Wilhelm,
27–28
Home Alone
(movie),
100
Howard Johnson’s,
53
Hsee, Christopher,
92–93
Human behavior, rational-actor theory of,
8
Hundred-calorie packs,
183
Hypertension,
4
,
14
,
123
,
146
,
163
.
See also
Chronic disease
;
Disease
Imitation.
See
Mimicry
Immigrants, assimilation of,
64–65
Impulse marketing
government regulation of,
132–133
restrictions on,
132–135
,
137–138
See also
Marketing
Impulsivity/impulsive behaviors,
14
and advertising,
85–86
vs. conscious awareness,
35–38
,
38 (fig.)
Incentives,
158–159
as marketing technique,
93
Individual choice, and performance standards,
159–160
Individual preferences, adjustments for, and portion size,
131–132
Individual responsibility,
7–8
,
125
,
198
Insomnia Cookies,
70
Instant gratification,
91–92
Instant Recess,
170
Institute of Medicine (National Academies),
76
,
121
Internet,
77
Ironic process of mental control,
180
Irrational behavior, eating as,
50
Irwin, Ron,
102
J. Walter Thompson Advertising agency,
98
Japan,
171
Jeffery, Robert,
22
Jell-O products,
98
Johnson, Mark,
191
Joint pain,
14
.
See also
Chronic disease
;
Disease
