When Everything Changed (66 page)

235
    The debate, Representative Barbara Jordan said: Rogers,
Barbara Jordan,
259–60.

235
    “As someone who has loved”: Critchlow,
Phyllis Schlafly and Grassroots Conservatism,
246.

236
    “I thought we had it made”: Noun,
More Strong-Minded Women,
172.

236
    Miami-Dade County had been: Richard Steele, “A ‘No’ to the Gays,”
Newsweek,
June 20, 1977.

236
    “Since homosexuals cannot reproduce”: “Maybe There’s Something in the Juice,”
Time,
February 28, 1994.

237
   
Newsweek
reported that a lesbian: Steele, “A ‘No’ to the Gays.”

237
    A few years later: Cathleen McGuigan, “Newsmakers,”
Newsweek,
November 24, 1980.

237
    “It became much more difficult”: Barbara Epstein, “Ambivalence About Feminism,” in
The Feminist Memoir Project,
147.

238
    “Life felt good”: Vivian Gornick, “What Feminism Means to Me,” in
The Feminist Memoir Project,
373–75.

238
    “There was such anxiety”: Linda Greenhouse, “Defeat of Equal Rights Bill Traced to Women’s Votes,”
New York Times,
November 6, 1975.

239
    One widely distributed: Linda Greenhouse, “What Happens to ERA Now?”
New York Times,
November 9, 1975.

239
    “I can’t predict”: Carroll,
It Seemed Like Nothing Happened,
271.

10. “YOU’RE GONNA MAKE IT AFTER ALL”

Interviews: Sylvia Acevedo, Suzan Johnson Cook, Barbara Crossette, Maria K., Wilma Mankiller, Sylvia Peterson, Lynn Povich, Pat Schroeder, Gloria Steinem, Gloria Vaz, Betsy Wade, Diane Watson.

241
    “You walk into a meeting”: Levine and Lyons,
The Decade of Women,
226.

241
    “Helen, are you”: Ibid., 206.

242
    when Ruth Bader Ginsburg applied: Anderson,
The Movement and the Sixties,
339.

242
    The arbiters of fashion: Brownmiller,
In Our Time,
4.

242
    Jane O’Reilly, recalling: O’Reilly,
The Girl I Left Behind,
112–13.

242
    A “Stamp Out”: Baxandall and Gordon,
Dear Sisters,
40.

242
    A fashion report: Marylin Bender, “As Hemlines Go Up, Up, Up, Heels Go Down, Down, Down,”
New York Times,
January 27, 1966.

242
    And by the end: Nina Hyde, “Grown-Up Glamour,”
Washington Post,
May 1, 1978.

243
    Wilma Rudolph, a poor: See Rudolph,
Wilma
.

244
    “There was no doubt”: “The Fastest Female,”
Time,
September 19, 1960.

244
    the first time “in Clarksville’s”: Rudolph,
Wilma,
143.

244
    Altha Cleary, who attended: “Sports News,” United Press International, December 14, 1980.

244
    In 1966 Roberta: John Powers, “Going Route in ’66,”
Boston Globe,
April 13, 2007.

245
    The next year, Kathrine: John Powers, “In ’67, Switzer Was ‘Magellan’ in Sweats,”
Boston Globe,
April 13, 2007; Tony Chamberlain, “Feet First,”
Boston Globe,
April 16, 2006.

245
    “Little girl, you can’t”: Unless otherwise noted, the section on Billie Jean King is based on
A Necessary Spectacle
by Selena Roberts.

247
    “I want her”: Selena Roberts, “Tennis’s Other Battle of the Sexes,”
New York Times,
August 21, 2005.

247
    “She won’t admit it”: “How Bobby Riggs Runs and Talks, Talks, Talks,”
Time,
September 10, 1973.

247
    ABC paid: Ibid.

247
    “I thought it would”: Larry Schwartz, “Billie Jean Won for All Women,”
ESPN.com
.

247
    “Because of Billie Jean alone”: Curry Kirkpatrick, “There She Is, Ms. America,”
Sports Illustrated,
October 1, 1973.

248
    In Cedar Rapids: Noun,
More Strong-Minded Women,
77.

248
    The women at the University of Kansas: Cindy Luis, “Title IX,”
Honolulu Star-Bulletin,
June 2, 2002.

248
    Jane L., a ninth-grade: Levine and Lyons,
The Decade of Women,
71.

248
    the sum total of women’s: This information was provided by the Women’s Sports Foundation.

249
    Senator Daniel Patrick Moynihan wrote: Blumenthal,
Let Me Play,
100.

249
    Since an average Big Ten: Cahn,
Coming on Strong,
250.

249
    When Congresswoman Pat: Schroeder,
24 Years of House Work,
37.

249
    Thanks to Title IX: Solomon,
In the Company of Educated Women,
204.

249
    The number of girls playing: Bailey and Farber,
America in the ’70s,
108.

249
    The Cedar Rapids Women’s Caucus: Noun,
More Strong-Minded Women,
78.

250
    “Second-class citizenship”: Cahn,
Coming on Strong,
251.

250
    In 1974 Kathryn: Levine and Lyons,
The Decade of Women,
14.

250
    Billie Jean King was the winner: Roberts,
A Necessary Spectacle,
66.

252
    And, of course, there was: Levine and Thom,
Bella Abzug.

252
    When Chisholm was appointed: Rick Hampson, “Shirley Chisholm Hoping to Be Remembered as Having ‘Guts,’ ” Associated Press, February 12, 1982.

253
    Millicent Fenwick, the inimitable: For background, see Amy Schapiro’s
Millicent Fenwick: Her Way.

253
    She managed to have: Couric,
Women Lawyers,
193.

254
    Molly Ivins, the great: Ivins,
Molly Ivins Can’t Say That,
18.

254
    “The whole world adopted”: This section is based on Pat Schroeder’s
24 Years of House Work… And the Place Is Still a Mess.

256
    In 1971 there were only: Cox,
Women State and Territorial Legislators,
328.

257
    One afternoon in 1972: Kunin,
Living a Political Life,
38.

257
    When some of them were invited: Ibid., 117.

258
    In 1974 Kunin went: Ibid., 182.

259
    “To our ear, it still”: William Safire, “On Language: Good-bye Sex, Hello Gender,”
New York Times Magazine,
August 5, 1984.

259
    In the same year: Georgia Dullea, “Birthday Celebration: Gloria Steinem at 50,”
New York Times,
May 24, 1984.

259
    In 1986 Paula Kassell: Betsy Wade, “Paula Kassell Always Took Women in New Directions,”
Women’s eNews,
December 6, 2002.

260
    After a childhood on Cherokee: This is based on Wilma Mankiller’s autobiography,
Mankiller.

261
    “I was so excited”: Roraback, “Women and the Connecticut Bar.”

261
    “In my criminal law”: Feigen,
Not One of the Boys,
5–6.

261
    “I liked it right away”: The section on women in the skilled-trade unions is based on Jane LaTour’s
Sisters in the Brotherhoods.

266
    Their battles began with Eulalie: Barry,
Femininity in Flight,
162–63.

266
    In another case in Miami: Ibid., 167.

266
    In 1971 National Airlines: Ibid., 176–84.

267
    “In professional terms”: Robertson,
The Girls in the Balcony,
101.

268
    At the
New York Times,
the last: Ibid., 133.

270
    The women at
Reader’s:
Ibid., 209.

11. WORK AND CHILDREN

Interviews: Barbara Arnold, Dana Arthur-Monteleone, Myrna Ten Bensel, John Brademas, Pat Buchanan, Jack Duncan, Alison Foster, Maria K., Faith Middleton, Walter Mondale, Martha Phillips, Vicki Cohn Pollard, Virginia Williams.

271
    “They sure do”: Felicity Barringer deconstructed this episode, “The Pancake Mix,” in the
New York Times,
October 9, 1994.

271
    In 1960, 62 percent: Coontz,
The Way We Really Are,
37.

271
    By the middle of the ’80s: U.S. Census, Married Couples by Labor Force Status of Spouses, 1986 to the Present.

272
    The competition of: Coontz,
Marriage,
259.

272
    In 1977
BusinessWeek:
Strasser,
Never Done,
301.

272
    While in 1970: Beth Bailey, “She ‘Can Bring Home the Bacon,’” in
America in the ’70s,
109.

272
    the government would note: Monthly Vital Statistics Report, National Center for Health Statistics, June 27, 1983.

273
    by 1976 the number of divorces: Ted Gest, “Divorce: How the Game Is Played Now,”
U.S. News and World Report,
November 21, 1983, 39.

274
    “It’s healthy for the”: Ibid.

274
    “At that time we were”: Friedan,
It Changed My Life,
415.

274
    In California, the average: Lenore Weitzman, “No-Fault Divorce,”
U.S. News and World Report,
November 4, 1985, 63.

274
    One study found that: Susan Faludi,
Backlash,
24.

274
    Minnette Doderer, who was: Noun,
More Strong-Minded Women,
166.

275
    Lenore Weitzman, a sociologist: Weitzman, “No-Fault Divorce,” 63.

276
    “My rage centers”: Leslie Bennetts, “Displaced Homemakers,”
New York Times,
June 15, 1979.

276
    The census-takers counted: Lynne M. Casper et al., “How Does POSSLQ Measure Up?” U.S. Bureau of the Census, May 1999.

276
    They were right: Faludi,
Backlash,
16.

276
    At Harvard Medical: Klass,
A Not Entirely Benign Procedure,
33.

277
    In 1976, for the first: Lawrence Feinberg, “Half of Black Children Born to Unmarried Women,”
Washington Post,
May 4, 1978.

277
    it was not until 1968 that the Supreme Court:
Levy v. Louisiana.

280
    “My friends are”: O’Reilly,
The Girl I Left Behind,
9.

281
    “I knew that I wanted”: Vicki Cohn Pollard, “The Five of Us,” in
Dear Sisters,
222–24.

282
    Robin Morgan, living: Morgan,
Saturday’s Child,
232.

282
    The estimates of the number: Miller,
The Hippies and American Values,
88.

282
    the thirty-member New World: Noun,
More Strong-Minded Women,
71.

282
    It had been discussed: For more information on this subject, see
The Grand Domestic Revolution
by Dolores Hayden.

283
    “The meal is as expensive”: Bellamy,
Looking Backward,
101.

283
    “What would shoes be like”: Ceplair,
Charlotte Perkins Gilman,
129–30.

284
    Madeleine Kunin, whose political: Kunin,
Living a Political Life,
113.

286
    Actually, the child-care: Cohen, “A Brief History of Federal Financing.”

288
    One reporter noted, in wonder: Chamberlin,
A Minority of Members,
317.

289
    “Seldom does a bill”: Robert Signer, “Child Services Bills Stir Storm,”
Chicago Daily News,
March 27, 1976.

289
    One letter writer: Judith Miller, “Someone Out There Hates Day Care,”
Harper’s Weekly,
March 22, 1976, 83.