The Black History of the White House (74 page)

relations,
214–215

assassination,
28
,
178
,
470

black cause,
27

black colonization advocacy,
203–204

campaign, success,
166–167

crises,
23

Delany lobby,
204–205

Douglass

meeting,
198
,
205
,
207

understanding, complexity,
209

Emancipation Proclamation, signing,
180–181

enigma,
181–182

General Order 11, rescinding,
194

inauguration

Douglass description,
207–208

photograph,
166

Keckly, relationship,
175

language, evasiveness,
197

Obama admiration,
16

post-assassination mythology, Douglass acceptance,
208–209

Preliminary Emancipation Proclamation issuance,
195–196

race baiting,
182–183

separation desirability explanation,
186

slavery, hatred,
207

team of rivals (Goodwin),
216

Thomas communication,
190

Truth, Sojourner

admiration,
210–211

meeting,
198

photograph,
211

USDA creation,
470

vacillation,
214–215

White House, African Americans (relationship),
198–214

Lincoln, Evelyn,
286

Lincoln, Mary,
169–170

Keckly

estrangement,
171

introduction, promise,
174

Lincoln, Robert,
180

Lincoln, Willie (death),
175–176

Linconia,
189

Lindsey, Dido Elizabeth,
53

literacy campaigns,
24

Little Rock, crisis,
275
,
277

Lobato, Monteiro,
405–407

Logan, Rayford,
241

Lombardo, Guy,
342

long-term racial inequality, Hoover opinion,
269

Louisiana constitution, Congressional approval,
197

Louisiana Purchase,
147

Louis-Philippe, King (throne abdication),
137

Loury, Glenn,
318

Louverture, Toussaint,
228

Lower Creek Indians, aid,
62

Lowry, Joseph,
321

Lumumba, Patrice (assassination),
334

Lynch, Charles,
244

lynchings,
244–258

continuation (Society of American Historians information),
248

Coolidge, nonintervention,
252

disappearance,
258

federal action, black demand,
245

increase,
221

issue, German attention,
250

Roosevelt blame,
250

Roosevelt reaction,
253–254

Taft inaction,
249

White House silence,
248–249

 

Ma, Yo-Yo,
329

Maddox, Lester,
469

Madison, Dolley,
132

evacuation,
134

Jennings, Paul

Polk rental,
140

relationship,
134–135

poverty/abandonment,
136

slave escapes,
136–137

Madison, James,
25
,
102

death,
136

disaffection,
135

Jennings, relationship,
131–132

slave owner,
48

slavery, repugnance,
51

Magraw (White House gardener),
134

Malcolm X,
298
,
304
,
384

emergence,
419

mixed-race heritage,
417

Malveaux, Julianne,
376

Man, The
(Wallace),
407–408

Mann, Herbie,
339

Mann, Horace,
140

Mann, Matthew,
220

Mannes, David,
260

Mansfield, Lord (William Murray),
53–54

slavery opinion,
54

manumission, right,
41

Marantz, Matt,
345

March on Washington (1963),
337

Kennedy prevention/co-opting,
303

Market Street house, construction,
90

maroon societies, creation,
24

Marsalis, Wynton,
344

photograph,
345

Marsalis family,
346

Marshall, Thurgood

retirement,
320–321

Supreme Court appointment,
307

Martin, Luther,
68–69

Maryland legislature address,
73

Martinez, Eugenio (Watergate burglar),
313

Martin Luther King Jr. National Holiday bill (1983),
343

Marx, Karl,
137

Maryland, enslave/white numbers (contrast),
111

Maryland Society for the Abolition of Slavery, cofounding,
73

Mason, George,
57–58

Mason, Lena Doolin,
219

Massachusetts, slavery (importance),
55

Masters-Penn House,
86

Maverick, Samuel,
49

McCain, Cindy,
424–425

campaign, racial hype/rhetoric,
445–446

McCain, John,
219
,
329
,
404

economy rescue,
432

Palin racism, problem,
452–453

votes

Confederate states, correlation,
435–436

statistics,
438

McCarthy, Joseph,
410

McClean, Margaret,
174

McCord, James (Watergate burglar),
313

McCoy, Benjamin,
185

McDonnell, Bob,
459

McDowell, Calvin (murder),
245–246

McGovern, George,
367

McKinney, Cynthia,
399–401

Green Party alliance,
400

McKinley, William

assassination attempt,
219–220
,
282

death,
220

Douglass performance,
262

race riot intervention failure,
247–248

Tolbert meeting,
247–248

Wells meeting,
246

McKissick, Floyd,
401

McNair, Denise (murder),
287

McNally, Deborah,
262–263

McPartland, Marian,
344

McPherson, James M.,
27
,
197

McRae, Carmen,
384

media access issues, funding (absence),
364

Mehlman, Ken,
312

Memphis Scimitar,
White House dinner attack,
228–229

men-body, traffic (opposition),
91–92

Middle East politics, complexity,
476

military tribunals,
24

Miller, Thomas E.,
358

Milliken's Bend, black troop murder,
205

Million Man March,
420

Mills, Clark,
128–129

Mingus, Charles,
338
,
342
,
384

Mires, Charlene,
100

Mississippi, slave state admission,
146

Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party (MFDP),
385–386

Missouri, slave state inclusion (presidential support),
147

Missouri Compromise (1820),
163

Jefferson perspective,
146

Missouri Supreme Court, Dred Scott decision reversal,
162

mob-driven lynchings, disappearance,
258

mob violence, official inaction,
254

Monahon-Ward, Caley,
345

Monroe, James,
63

black enslavement,
142
,
145

Monrovia, capital (etymology),
148
,
189

Montes, Pedro,
153

Montgomery Bus Boycott (1955),
335–336

intensity/violence, increase,
274–275

Monticello (plantation home),
110

Montpelier (plantation home),
110

Moore, Reginald G.,
292–293

moral disjuncture, perception,
25–26

Morgan, Robert,
184

Morgenstern, Dan,
344

Morial, Marc,
376

Morris, Robert,
90–91

Morrison, Toni,
298
,
323
,
455

Morrow, E. Frederic,
297–298

Eisenhower interaction,
271–278

marginalization,
276–278

party/racial orientation,
273

photograph,
272

White House Officer for Special Projects,
276

White House position, symbolism,
274

White House treatment,
275

Moseley-Braun, Carol,
377–378
,
421

Moses (White House construction slave),
117

Moss, Tom (murder),
245–246

Motley, Constance Baker (federal judgeship appointment),
308

Mount Vernon (plantation home),
110

movement activity, forms,
95

Muhammad, Elijah,
419–420

Muhammad, Warith Deen,
419

Mulligan, Gerry,
339
,
342

Murray, William (Lord Mansfield),
53–54

slavery opinion,
54

My 21 Years at the White House
(Fields),
267

My Boss
(Gallagher),
271

My Thirty Years Backstairs at the White House
(Parks),
270–271

 

Nance (White House construction slave),
117

Nancy
(Bolles, captain),
39

Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass
(Douglass),
201

National Alliance Party (NAP)

candidates,
381

regrouping,
395–396

National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP),
248

activist network, construction,
234

anti-lynching campaign,
252

emergency message, Taft inaction,
249

evolution,
231

Sherrod, reconciliation,
474

Supreme Court nomination opposition,
253

tea party, argument,
466–467

Wells cofounding,
245

National Association of Colored Women (NACW),
248

National Black Farmer's Association,
471

National Black Independent Political Party (NIBPP), formation,
397

National Black Political Assembly (NBPA), leadership,
396–397

National Black Political Convention, importance,
396

National Commission on Small Farmers,
469

National Convention of Colored Men, activist network (construction),
234

National Endowment for the Arts (NEA)

Jazz Masters program,
345

Reagan cuts,
343

National Era
(newspaper),
140

National Ex-Slave Mutual Relief, Bounty, and Pension Association (founding),
357

national mall, slave marketplace,
144

National Negro Convention Movement,
158

challenges,
199

National Organization of Women (NOW),
367

National Park Service (NPS)

ATAC, impact,
100–101

Congressional amendment,
99

Liberty Bell, movement,
97

controversy,
97–99

National Rainbow Coalition (NRC),
421

Daniels, executive director,
397–398

demobilization,
371

DLC rival,
373

Souljah invitation,
374

National Tea Party Federation,
466–467

national unity, roal,
75

Nation of Islam (NOI),
389

black demands,
280

founding,
419

Native Americans

communities (murder), Taylor/Jackson campaigns,
149

racial subjugation,
137

native lands, theft,
48

negroes

equality,
182

meaning,
115

Negro Peter.
See
Peter

Negro World
(Garvey),
361

Neiwert, David,
448

Nevins, Allan,
184

New Alliance Party (NAP),
393–395

New Black Panther Party, Obama double standard,
461–462

New Communities Land Trust, Sherrod founding,
469

New Deal (program),
402

administration,
29

African American benefits, blockage,
255–256

public policies, discrimination,
255

New Jersey, slavery (importance),
55

Newman, Fred,
393–394

Newman, Richard,
94

New Negro Crowd, government perspective,
360–361

Newton (White House construction slave),
117

Newton, Huey,
388
,
390

Newton, Leon,
318

New York, slavery (importance),
55

New York Anti-Slavery Society
(Liberty),
98

New York Times, The,
390

Convention of Colored Men article,
217

postracial thesis (Bai),
450–451

U.S. Senate apology article,
257–258