July 1914: Countdown to War (65 page)

     
ethnic tensions in,
386

     
position in dual monarchy,
34

     
See also
Austria-Hungary
;
Tisza, Stefan

Ignatiev, Count,
294

Ilitch, Danilo,
10–11
,
13
,
14
,
16

     
confession of,
92–94
,
106–107

Indefatigable
(dreadnought),
380

Indomitable
(dreadnought),
380

Ireland, Home Rule and,
69–71
,
385–386

Italy

     
Austrian ultimatum and,
175

     
British belief on role of in event of war,
275

     
hostility to Austria,
216

     
lack of support for Germany,
352
,
353

     
neutrality of,
171–172
,
328
,
375

     
recruitment as ally,
383–384

     
treaty with Germany,
340

     
Triple Alliance and,
40
,
139

Izvolsky, Alexander,
148
,
204

     
briefing of Poincaré and Viviani,
264–265

     
First Bosnian Crisis,
4
,
55
,
322

     
Franco-Russian summit and,
160

     
on French approval of Russian mobilization,
296

     
German mobilization and,
293–294

     
missing letters of,
55–56

     
relationship with Poincaré,
66
,
67

     
Russian mobilization and,
303

     
Sazonov message on French support and,
258

     
Sazonov’s message that war imminent,
398
,
399

     
on Viviani,
67–68

Jagow, Gottlieb von,
80
,
331

     
British neutrality and,
341–342
,
343
,
345

     
declaration of war on Russia and,
338

     
denial of mobilization,
304

     
desire for war,
223
,
231

     
four-power mediation idea and,
205–206
,
230
,
236

     
“halt in Belgrade” proposal and,
254

     
meeting with Goschen,
379

     
Naumann and,
89
,
91

     
on need for speed on Austria’s part,
217–218
,
219

     
partial mobilization in Russia and,
276

     
Potsdam council and,
227–228

     
on relations with Italy,
143

     
support for action against Serbia,
114–115

     
ultimatum and,
188
,
394

     
ultimatum to Belgium for passage of German troops,
360–361

     
Wilhelm II’s request for negotiations and,
242
,
243

Jaurès, Jean

     
death of,
322–323

     
against Franco-Russian summit,
145

     
funeral of,
375

     
Poincaré and,
64
,
65
,
385

Joffre, Joseph

     
allegations of German mobilization and,
304

     
border incidents and,
354
,
400

     
knowledge of Russian preparations,
293

     
knowledge of Russian resolve on war,
398

     
mobilization and,
316
,
318–319
,
321
,
327–328
,
334–335

     
photograph of,
319

     
support for Russia,
257
,
258
,
263
,
395

     
threat of general strike and,
323

Jouhaux, Léon,
375

Jovanovitch, Mishko,
10–11

Karl, Archduke,
48

Kokovtsov, V. N.,
59
,
60
,
179
,
180
,
388
,
397

Kosovo Polje,
5
,
29

Krasnoe Selo

     
Franco-Russian summit at,
160–161
,
168

     
review of imperial troops at,
191–192
,
194
,
196
,
203
,
209
,
224

Kriege, Herr,
352

Kriegsgefahr
,
268

Kriegsgefahrzustand
,
193
,
267–268
,
269
,
274
,
276
,
289
,
290
,
305
,
306
,
307
,
309
,
310–311
,
398

Krivoshein, A. V.,
53
,
54–55
,
59
,
147
,
183
,
296–297
,
300
,
398

Krobatin, Alexander,
202

     
on “vacation leave,”
117
,
125

     
war councils and,
109
,
111–112
,
137
,
138
,
140
,
141

Kudashev, N. A.,
202

Laguiche, Pierre de,
148
,
196
,
220
,
293
,
395
,
399

Landsdowne, Lord,
357
,
363

Lichnowsky, Karl Max von,
204
,
205
,
251

     
and Grey’s warning that Britain would not stay neutral,
279
,
281
,
286–287

     
Bethmann’s speech to Reichstag and,
378

     
on British intentions,
275

     
British naval test mobilization and,
231–232

     
British offer of neutrality,
313
,
314
,
330
,
344–345
,
348
n
,
378–379

     
British-Russian naval talks and,
72
,
74

     
complaint about Russian mobilization to Britain,
214–217

     
Grey and,
233

     
Grey’s speech to House of Commons and,
369–370

     
promising respect for Belgian territory,
364

Liège, battle over,
373–374
,
383
,
403

Liège, German plans for lightning strike on M + 3,
352fn
,
355
,
371fn
,
373
,
401–403
,
428n2

Liman von Sanders affair,
54
,
59
,
60
,
146
,
179
,
385
,
388

Limpus, Arthur,
74

Little Englander faction,
280
,
314
,
331
,
332
,
358–359

Lloyd George, David,
332
,
358
,
359
,
360
,
364

Localization, of Austro-Serbian dispute,
186
,
205
,
217
,
225
,
232
,
233
,
235
,
376

Lützow, Heinrich von,
126–127
,
128

Luxembourg, German invasion of,
339
,
343
,
344
,
349
,
354
,
355

Lyncker, Moritz von,
100
,
342

Margerie, Bruno de,
324

Marie Christine,
3

Mass conscription,
384

Maximilian (son of Franz Ferdinand),
2

Mediterranean, Russian need for access to,
53–54
.
See also
Ottoman Straits

Mehmedbashitch,
14
,
93

Mensdorff, Albert,
204
,
251

Messimy, Adolphe

     
knowledge of Russian preparations,
293
,
294
,
295
,
318

     
knowledge of Russian resolve on war,
318
,
398
,
399

     
mobilization and,
321
,
327
,
335
,
336–337

     
support for Russia and war,
257
,
258
,
263
,
324
,
395

Metzger, Josef,
108

Mobilization

     
Austrian,
202–203
,
218–220
,
267
,
287
,
325–326

     
Belgian,
275
,
355

     
British,
229
,
232
,
364–365

     
equation with war,
312
,
346
,
399–400

     
French,
267
,
268
,
316–325
,
327–328
,
334–337

     
German,
267–269
,
309–311
,
317
,
340
,
341–343
,
354–355
,
404

     
pattern on eastern front (1914),
291

     
pattern on western front (1914),
317

     
Russian (
see
Russian mobilization
)

     
Serbian,
200–201

Mobilization Plan XVI (France),
316

Mobilization Plan XVII (France),
316
,
318

Moltke, Helmuth von,
80
,
101
,
231

     
Austrian and Russian partial mobilizations and,
266–267

     
Bethmann and,
102

     
First Balkan War and,
84

     
invasion of Belgium and,
352
,
373–374
,
401

     
invasion of Luxembourg and,
349

     
military plans of,
404–405

     
mobilization order and,
341
,
342–343

     
mobilization plans,
317
,
318
,
339
,
340
,
371

     
Potsdam council and,
227–228
,
229
,
274

     
pressure on Austria to mobilize,
325–326

     
preventive war with Russia and,
386–388

     
responsibility for First World War,
401

     
rumors of border incidents with France and,
354

     
Russian mobilization and,
221
,
288–290

     
waiting to mobilize,
221
,
222
,
223
,
288–290
,
305
,
306–307
,
309–310