July 1914: Countdown to War (60 page)

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Authors: Sean McMeekin

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Frequently Cited Sources

Below is a list of frequently cited sources, listed alphabetically by the abbreviation used in the endnotes.

Albertini

Albertini, Luigi.
The Origins of the War of 1914
. 3 vols. Translated by Isabella M. Massey. New and updated edition, with introduction by Samuel R. Williamson Jr. New York: Enigma Books, 2005. First published by Oxford University Press, 1952–1957. Page references are to the 2005 edition.

Asquith

Asquith, H. H.
Letters to Venetia Stanley
. Edited by Michael and Eleanor Brock. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1982.

AVPRI

Arkhiv Vneshnei Politiki Rossiiskoi Imperii. Moscow, Russia.

BD

British Documents on the Origins of the War, 1898-1914
. Edited by G. P. Gooch and Harold Temperley. 13 vols. London: H. M. S. O., 1926–1938.

Beatty

Beatty, Jack.
The Lost History of 1914: How the Great War Was Not Inevitable
. London: Bloomsbury, 2012.

Bethmann

Bethmann Hollweg, Theobald von.
Betrachtungen zum Weltkriege
. Edited by Jost Dülffer. 2 vols. Essen: Reimar Hobbing, 1989.

Churchill

Churchill, Winston.
The World Crisis
. 6 vols. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1951–1959.

Conrad

Conrad von Hötzendorf, Franz.
Aus meiner Dienstzeit
. 4 vols. Vienna: Rikola Verlag, 1921–1925.

DD

Die deutschen Dokumente zum Kriegsausbruch
. Edited by Karl Kautsky, Max Montgelas, and Prof. Walter Schücking. 4 vols. Charlottenburg, Berlin: Deutsche Verlagsgesellschaft für Politik und Geschichte, 1919.

DDF

Documents diplomatiques français (1871–1914)
. 41 vols. Paris: Imprimerie Nationale, 1929–1959.

Dobrorolskii

Dobrorolskii, Sergei.
Die Mobilmachung der rusischen Armee 1914
. Berlin: Deutsche Verlagsgesellschaft für Politik und Geschichte, 1922.

Erenyi

Erenyi, Gustav.
Graf Stefan Tisza, ein staatsmann und märtyrer
. Vienna: E. P. Tal, 1935.

Fay

Fay, Sidney Bradshaw.
The Origins of the World
War. 2 vols. New York: Macmillan, 1935. All translations Fay’s, unless otherwise noted.

Fromkin

Fromkin, David.
Europe’s Last Summer: Who Started the Great War in 1914?
New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2004.

GARF

Gosudarstvennyi Arkhiv Rossiiskoi Federatsii. Moscow, Russia.

Geiss

Julikrise und Kriegsausbruch 1914
. 2 vols. 2nd ed. Bonn-Bad Godesberg: Verlag Neue Gesellschaft GmbH, 1976.

Grey

Grey, Edward, Viscount (“of Fallodon”).
Twenty-Five Years, 1892–1916
. 2 vols. New York: Frederick A. Stokes, 1925.

Hantsch

Hantsch, Hugo.
Leopold Graf Berchtold, Grandseigneur und Staatsmann
. Graz: Verlag Styria, 1963.

HHSA

Haus-, Hof- und Staatsarchiv. Vienna.

IBZI

Internationale Beziehungen im Zeitalter des Imperialismus
. Edited by M. N. Pokrovskii. 8+ vols. Berlin: R. Hobbing, 1931–.

Jannen Jr.

Jannen Jr., William.
The Lions of July: Prelude to War, 1914
. Novato, CA: Presidio, 1996.

Jarausch

Jarausch, Konrad.
The Enigmatic Chancellor: Bethmann Hollweg and the Hubris of Imperial Germany
. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1973.

Kokovtsov

Out of My Past: The Memoirs of Count Kokovtsov, Russian Minister of Finance, 1904–1914, Chairman of the Council of Ministers
. Edited by H. H. Fisher. Translated by Laura Matveev. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1935.

Lloyd George

Lloyd George, David.
War Memoirs of David Lloyd George
. 6 vols. Boston: Little, Brown, 1933–1937.

LN

Un livre noir: Diplomatie d’avant-guerre d’après les documents des archives russes, Novembre 1910-Juillet 1914
. Preface by René Marchard. Paris: Librairie du travail, 1922.

Marcus

Marcus, Geoffrey Jules.
Before the Lamps Went Out
. London: Allen & Unwin, 1965.

Neiberg

Neiberg, Michael.
Dance of the Furies: Europe and the Outbreak of World War I
. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press / Belknap, 2011.

Nikitsch-Boulles

Nikitsch-Boulles, Paul.
Vor dem Sturm: Erinnerungen an Erzherzog Thronfolger Franz Ferdinand
. Berlin: Verlag für Kulturpolitik, 1925.

Oe-U

Österreich-Ungarns Aussenpolitik von der bosnischen Krise 1908 bis zum Kriegsausbruch 1914
. Edited by Ludwig Bitter et al. 9 vols. Vienna: Österreichischer Bundesverlag für Unterricht, Wissenschaft und Kunst, 1930.

PAAA

Politisches Archiv des Auswärtigen Amtes. Berlin.

Paléologue

Paléologue, Maurice.
An Ambassador’s Memoirs
. Translated by F. A. Holt. 3 vols. London: Hutchinson, 1923–1925.

PBM

Peter Bark Memoirs. Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Columbia University, New York.

Pharos

Der Prozeß gegen die Attentäter von Sarajewo
. Edited by Professor Pharos. Berlin: R. v. Decker’s Verlag, 1918.

Poincaré

Poincaré, Raymond.
Memoirs of Raymond Poincaré
. Translated by Sir George Arthur. 3 vols. London: William Heinemann, 1930.

Pourtalès

Pourtalès, Friedrich.
Meine Letzten Verhandlungen in St. Petersburg, Ende Juli 1914: Tagesaufzeichnung und dokumente
. Berlin: Deutsche Verlagsgesellschaft für Politik und Geschichte, 1927.

PRO

National Archives of the United Kingdom. Kew Gardens, London.

QO

Quai d’Orsay Archives. Paris. Correspondence politique et commerciale dite “nouvelle série,” 1896–1918.

RGVIA

Rossiiskii Gosudarstvennyi Voenno-Istoricheskii Arkhiv. Moscow.

Sazonov

Sazonov, S. D.
Fateful Years, 1909–1916: The Reminiscences of Serge Sazonov, Russia’s Minister for Foreign Affairs
. London: J. Cape, 1928.

Schilling

Schilling, M. F., Baron, ed.
How the War Began in 1914: Being the Diary of the Russian Foreign Office from the 3rd to the 20th (Old Style) of July,
1914
. Translated by Major W. Cyprian Bridge. London: G. Allen & Unwin, 1925.

Schmidt

Schmidt, Stefan.
Frankreichs Aussenpolitik in der Julikrise 1914: Ein Beitrag zur Geschichte des Ausbruchs des Ersten Weltkrieges
. Munich: Oldenbourg, 2009.

Schmitt

Schmitt, Bernadotte E.
The Coming of the War, 1914
. 2 vols. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1930.

Tirpitz

Tirpitz, Alfred Peter Friedrich von.
Mémoires du Grand-Amiral von Tirpitz
. Paris: Payot, 1930.

Tuchman

Tuchman, Barbara Wertheim.
The Guns of August
. New York: Macmillan, 1962.

Turner

Turner, L. C. F.
Origins of the First World War
. London: Edward Arnold, 1970.

Würthle

Würthle, Fritz.
Die Spur führt nach Belgrad: Die Hintergründe des Dramas v. Sarajevos 1914
. Vienna: Molden, 1975.

Zuber

Zuber, Terence.
The Real German War Plan 1904–1914
. Gloucestershire: History Press, 2011.

Other Works Cited or Profitably Consulted for This Work

Ahamed, Liaquat.
Lords of Finance: 1929, The Great Depression, and the Bankers Who Broke the World
. London: Windmill/Random House, 2009.

Aksakal, Mustafa.
The Ottoman Road to War in 1914: The Ottoman Empire and the First World War
. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2008.

Balfour, Michael.
The Kaiser and His Times
. London: Cresset, 1964.

Berenson, Edward.
The Trial of Madame Caillaux
. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1992.

Buchanan, Sir George William.
My Mission to Russia and Other Diplomatic Memories
. 2 vols. London: Cassell, 1923.

Bülow, Bernhard von.
Memoirs
. 4 vols. London: Putnam, 1932.

Churchill, Winston.
The World Crisis: The Eastern Front
. London: Thornton Butterworth, 1931.

Danilov, Yuri.
La Russie dans la guerre mondiale, 1914–1917
. Translated by Alexandre Kaznakov. Paris: Payot, 1927.

Erdmann, Karl Dietrich, ed.
Kurt Riezler: Tagebücher, Aufsätze, Dokumente
. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1972.

Ferguson, Niall.
The Pity of War
. New York: Basic Books, 1999.

Fischer, Fritz.
Griff nach der Weltmacht. Die Kriegszielpolitik des Kaiserlichen Deutschland, 1914–1918
. Düsseldorf: Droste Verlag, 1961.

————.
Krieg der Illusionen: Die deutsche Politik von 1911 bis 1914
. Düsseldorf: Droste Verlag, 1969.

Fromkin, David.
Europe’s Last Summer: Who Started the Great War in 1914?
New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2004.

————.
A Peace to End All Peace: Creating the Modern Middle East, 1914–1922
. New York: H. Holt, 1989.

Fuller, William C., Jr.
Civil-Military Conflict in Imperial Russia 1880–1914
. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1985.

————.
Strategy and Power in Russia, 1600–1914
. New York: Free Press, 1992.

Geiss, Imanuel.
Der lange Weg in die Katastrophe: die Vorgeschichte des Ersten Weltkrieges, 1815–1914
. Munich: Piper, 1990.

————.
July 1914: The Outbreak of the First World War; Selected Documents
. New York: Scribner, 1967.

Geyer, Dietrich.
Russian Imperialism: The Interaction of Domestic and Foreign Policy, 1860–1914
. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1987.

Gilliard, Pierre.
Thirteen Years at the Russian Court
. Translated by F. Appleby Holt, O.B.E. London: Hutchinson, 1921.

Gooch, G. P.
Recent Revelations of European Diplomacy
. London: Longmans, Green, 1940.

Grey, Edward, Viscount (“of Fallodon”).
Speeches on Foreign Affairs, 1904–1914
. London: G. Allen & Unwin ltd., 1931.

Hamilton, Richard, and Holger Herwig, eds.
Decisions for War, 1914–1917
. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2004.

————.
The Origins of World War I
. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2003.

Hayne, M. B.
The French Foreign Office and the Origins of the First World War 1898–1914
. Oxford: Clarendon, 1993.

Hoeniger, Robert.
Russlands Vorbereitung zum Weltkrieg auf Grund unveröffentlicher Russischer Urkunden
. Berlin: E. S. Mittler, 1919.

Hull, Isabel.
The Entourage of Kaiser Wilhelm II
. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1982.

Jarausch, Konrad. “The Illusion of Limited War: Chancellor Bethmann Hollweg’s Calculated Risk, July 1914.”
Central European History
2, no. 1 (March 1969): 48–76.

Keiger, John F. V. “France.” In
Decisions for War, 1914
, edited by Keith Wilson. New York: St. Martin’s, 1995.

————.
France and the Origins of the First World War
. New York: St. Martin’s, 1983.

————.
Raymond Poincaré
. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997.

Kennan, George.
Fateful Alliance: France, Russia, and the Coming of the First World War
. New York: Pantheon Books, 1984.

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