American Pharaoh (102 page)

11.
Mayer and Wade,
Chicago: Growth of a Metropolis,
p. 446; Don Rose, interview with the authors.

12.
Wilson,
When Work Disappears,
pp. 38–39.

13.
NYT,
9/6/98.

14.
Edward Marciniak, interview with the authors; Massey and Denton,
American Apartheid,
p. 161; Wilson,
When Work Disappears,
p. 39; Douglas Massey, Remarks at Solutions: Reinventing Public Housing, Chicago, Illinois.

15.
Roemer,
Accardo,
p. 176;
Time,
7/16/56.

16.
Roemer,
Accardo,
pp. 130, 267;
CDN,
2/11/64.

17.
Edward Burke, interview with the authors; O’Connor,
Clout,
p. 114; Daley, F.B.I. Files, Correlation Summary, p. 24.

18.
Paul McGrath, interview with the authors, 8/20/98.

19.
CSM,
3/26/55; Roemer,
Accardo,
pp. 230–231; Daley, Confidential F.B.I. Files, “Memorandum to Mr. Belmont Re: Mayor Richard J. Daley”; Daley F.B.I. Files, Correlation Summary, p. 23.

20.
CST,
6/6/66; Leon Despres Papers, Chicago Historical Society, Box 173, Folder 2;
CDN,
2/11/64; Lens,
The Progressive;
Roemer,
Roemer: Man Against the Mob,
p. 105.

21.
CT,
8/6/56;
CT,
8/9/55;
CT,
10/10/55; Sautter and Burke,
Inside the Wigwam.

22.
CT,
8/10/56; Biles,
Richard J. Daley,
pp. 54–55.

23.
Time,
9/10/56; O’Connor,
Clout,
p. 142;
CT,
8/6/56;
CT,
8/21/77.

24.
Time,
9/17/56;
CT,
10/10/56.

25.
CT,
9/1/56;
CT,
9/21/56;
CT,
10/5/56.

26.
CT,
12/3/56.

27.
CT,
11/10/56;
CT,
1/14/57;
CT,
12/2/56;
CT,
11/24/56; Fremon,
Chicago Politics Ward by Ward,
p. 328;
CT,
3/6/58; Rakove,
We Don’t Want,
pp. 264–265.

28.
CT,
1/3/57;
CT,
1/15/57;
CT,
3/5/57;
CT,
3/21/57.

29.
CT,
4/3/57;
CT,
4/11/57;
CT,
4/26/57;
CT,
5/30/57;
CT,
6/5/57.

30.
CHA Press Release, “Swibel Appointed CHA Commissioner,” 3/2/56;
CT,
1/30/57;
Chicago Courier,
11/17/62, in the Leon Despres Papers, Chicago Historical Society, Box 173, Folder 1; Bertrand Goldberg, interview with the authors;
CT,
7/10/63;
Time,
4/26/82; Hirsch,
Dilemma of Race,
p. 78.

31.
“CHA Was in Black When I Left: Kean,”
CDN,
3/28/58; “Padding Cited in U.S. Report,”
CT,
3/27/58.

32.
CT,
3/29/58;
CDN,
3/28/58; James Fuerst, interview with the authors;
CT,
3/28/58;
CT,
11/12/97.

33.
M.W. Newman, interview with the authors; Hirsch,
Making the Second Ghetto,
p. 241.

34.
Deposition of Alvin Rose,
Gautreaux v. CHA
(3/3/68); Deposition of Emil G. Hirsch,
Gautreaux v. CHA
(3/3/68).

35.
CT,
4/19/55;
CT,
6/1/55;
CT,
2/1/57.

36.
CT,
6/24/57;
CT,
6/25/57.

37.
CT,
12/24/56;
CT,
8/23/57;
CT,
9/5/57;
CT,
9/8/57;
CT,
9/15/57.

38.
CT,
11/14/57;
CT,
10/15/57;
CT,
11/5/57.

39.
Hirsch,
Making the Second Ghetto,
p. 65; Hirsch, “Massive Resistance in the Urban North.”

40.
CD,
8/17/57;
CT,
9/5/57.

41.
Ralph,
Northern Protest,
p. 240; Reed,
The Chicago NAACP,
pp. 162–163; Travis,
Autobiography of Black Politics,
pp. 260–261; Reed,
Chicago NAACP,
p. 166.

42.
“Open Letter to Congressman William L. Dawson,” from the Executive Committee of Chicago Branch of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, 8/29/56, in possession of the authors.

43.
Wilson,
Negro Politics,
pp. 63–64;
CD,
12/14/57; Travis,
Autobiography of Black Politics,
p. 270; Reed,
The Chicago NAACP,
p. 189.

44.
Reed,
The Chicago NAACP,
pp. 182, 189; Travis,
Autobiography of Black Politics,
pp. 261–264; Wilson,
Negro Politics,
p. 64.

45.
Hirsch,
Making the Second Ghetto,
p. 139.

46.
Sinkevitch,
AIA Guide to Chicago,
pp. 418–419; Horwitt,
Let Them Call Me Rebel,
p. 369.

47.
Winger, “Unwelcome Neighbors,”
Chicago History,
spring and summer 1992, pp. 56–73; Biles,
Richard J. Daley,
p. 13; Hirsch,
Making the Second Ghetto,
pp. 137, 135–136, 152, 153.

48.
Julian Levi Oral History by Daniel Meyer, Special Collections Library, University of Chicago, pp. 46–47; Leon Despres Oral History, p. 41, Leon Despres Papers, Chicago Historical Society; Hirsch,
Making the Second Ghetto,
p. 167; Anthony Downs, interview with the authors.

49.
NYT,
11/1/59; Horwitt,
Let Them Call Me Rebel,
p. 370;
NYT,
11/1/59; Hirsch,
Making the Second Ghetto,
p. 161.

50.
Hirsch,
Making the Second Ghetto,
p. 162; Rossi and Dentler,
The Politics of Urban Renewal,
pp. 264–65; Reed,
The Chicago NAACP,
p. 195.

51.
Julian Levi Oral History, p. 81; Julian Levi, interview with the authors; Msgr. John Egan, interview with the authors; Rossi and Dentler,
The Politics of Urban Renewal,
pp. 253–263; Leon Despres Oral History, Joseph Regenstein Library, Department of Special Collections, University of Chicago, p. 39; Hirsch,
Making the Second Ghetto,
pp. 161–165, 255–260; Rossi and Dentler,
The Politics of Urban Renewal,
pp. 225–239; Baron, “Planning . . . in Black and White,” in Chicago Urban League,
The Racial Aspects of Urban Planning,
1968, n.p.

52.
Fremon,
Chicago Politics Ward by Ward,
p. 204;
CT,
3/5/58;
CT,
4/16/58;
CT,
4/22/58.

53.
Travis,
Autobiography of Black Politics,
pp. 234; Grimshaw,
Bitter Fruit,
p. 109; Cooper,
South Side Boss,
pp. 78–79.

54.
Travis,
Autobiography of Black Politics,
pp. 235–236; Ira Dawson, interview with the authors.

55.
Travis,
Autobiography of Black Politics,
p. 235; Grimshaw,
Bitter Fruit,
p. 109; Cooper,
South Side Boss,
p. 81; Grimshaw,
Bitter Fruit,
p. 87.

Chapter 6. Make No Little Plans

1.
Miller,
Here’s the Deal,
p. 13; Mayer and Wade,
Chicago: Growth of a Metropolis,
p. 280; Sinkevitch,
AIA Guide to Chicago,
pp. 15–16.

2.
CST,
8/23/58.

3.
Banfield and Clark,
Fort Dearborn,
p. 1; Department of City Planning, Development Plan for Central Area of Chicago (1958), p. 4; Banfield and Clark,
Fort Dearborn,
p. 2; Development Plan, p. 26.

4.
Tom Cokins, interview with the authors.

5.
Development Plan, pp. 7, 21; Anthony Downs, interview with the authors.

6.
Rubloff Papers, Box 7, Folder 4, Chicago Historical Society; Development Plan, p. 1.

7.
Wilson,
When Work Disappears,
p. 13.

8.
Mayer and Wade,
Chicago: Growth of a Metropolis,
p. 406;
CST,
7/1/65; Massey and Denton,
American Apartheid,
p. 50.

9.
McGreevy,
American Catholics,
pp. 109, 119; Chicago Commission on Human Relations, “Panic Peddling by Real Estate Brokers and Salesmen,” in James Murray Files, Chicago Historical Society, Box 233; Massey and Denton,
American Apartheid,
p. 38; Horwitt,
Let Them Call Me Rebel,
p. 358.

10.
CST,
7/1/65; Hauser, “Statement on the Chicago Housing Authority Proposal for Dispersed Public Housing in Chicago,” 3/11/71, on file with the authors.

11.
Gunther,
Inside U.S.A.,
p. 384; Ralph,
Northern Protest,
p. 48; Anderson and Pickering,
Confronting the Color Line,
p. 328; Wilson,
When Work Disappears,
p. 35.

12.
Horwitt,
Let Them Call Me Rebel,
pp. 358–359, 426, 433.

13.
Anthony Downs, interview with the authors; Horwitt,
Let Them Call Me Rebel,
p. 346.

14.
CT,
10/31/58.

15.
CT,
10/15/58;
CT,
10/14/58;
CT,
11/5/58; Fremon,
Chicago Politics Ward by Ward,
p. 246.

16.
William Daley, interview with the authors; Rosen,
Decision-Making,
p. 30; William Stratton, interview with the authors;
CT,
9/2/58.

17.
CT,
9/4/58; Rosen,
Decision-Making,
p. 28.

18.
Rosen,
Decision-Making,
pp. 43–47.

19.
Rosen,
Decision-Making,
p. 51;
CT,
2/20/59;
CT,
2/24/59.

20.
Fremon,
Chicago Politics Ward by Ward,
p. 187; Rosen,
Decision-Making,
p. 67.

21.
CT,
12/8/59; Rosen,
Decision-Making,
pp. 67–69, 72;
CT,
5/19/59.

22.
CT,
4/14/59;
CT,
4/15/59; see generally Bowly,
The Poorhouse;
Rosen,
Decision-Making,
pp. 81–84.

23.
Rosen,
Decision-Making,
p. 81;
CT,
5/27/59.

24.
Rosen,
Decision-Making,
p. 111.

25.
Rosen,
Decision-Making,
pp. 114–116.

26.
CT,
3/21/61;
CT,
4/19/61;
CT,
4/20/61.

27.
CT,
3/31/61.

28.
CT,
4/20/61.

29.
William Daley, interview with the authors;
CT,
3/23/62;
CT,
8/16/62; Rosen,
Decision-Making,
p. 118.

30.
CT,
10/16/62; M.W. Newman, interview with the authors.

31.
Rosen,
Decision-Making,
pp. 129–131.

32.
Rosen,
Decision-Making,
pp. 131–132, 136–139.

33.
Doherty,
O’Hare,
pp. 74–75.

34.
Doherty,
O’Hare,
pp. 73, 76, 83–90.

35.
CT,
5/11/55; Doherty,
O’Hare,
pp. 164, 166, 169, 171;
CT,
10/11/55.

36.
CT,
3/30/56;
CT,
3/28/56;
CT,
3/9/56;
CT,
4/10/56; Doherty,
O’Hare,
pp. 118–119, 220.

37.
Doherty,
O’Hare,
p. 242; Doherty,
O’Hare,
pp. 138–141.

38.
Doherty,
O’Hare,
pp. 193–195, 214, 216;
CST,
3/4/58.

39.
CT,
3/14/62.

40.
NYT,
3/10/62;
CT,
3/23/63.

41.
CT,
12/12/58.

42.
CT,
12/2/58;
CT,
12/12/58;
CST,
12/11/58.

43.
CT,
1/13/59.

44.
CT,
1/9/59;
CT,
1/20/59.

45.
Lens,
The Progressive;
John Perkins, interview with the authors;
Commonweal,
April 1971.

46.
Biles,
Richard J. Daley,
pp. 62–63;
CT,
2/13/59; O’Connor,
Clout,
p. 149;
CT,
3/17/59.

47.
CT,
2/5/59.

48.
CT,
1/15/59;
CT,
1/29/59;
CT,
2/20/59;
CT,
3/10/59;
CT,
4/2/59.

49.
CT,
4/6/59;
CT,
3/18/59.

50.
CT,
3/1/59;
CT,
3/13/59;
CT,
4/3/59.

51.
CT,
4/7/59.

Chapter 7. Two for You, Three for Me

1.
CT,
9/27/58; Lindberg,
To Serve and Collect,
p. 285; Kennedy,
Himself!; CT,
5/8/59.

2.
CT,
5/16/59;
CT,
11/21/59;
CT,
5/18/59.

3.
Berkow,
Maxwell Street,
p. 250; “Daley,” WTTW-TV, 1986;
CT,
5/29/59.

4.
NYT,
7/7/59;
Time,
7/20/59.

5.
NYT,
7/17/59;
CT,
8/5/59;
CT,
10/29/59;
CT,
11/4/59;
CT,
11/6/59;
CT,
11/11/59.

6.
CT,
12/31/59;
CT,
12/31/59.

7.
CT,
12/19/59.