American Pharaoh (99 page)

6.
Kantowicz, “Church and Neighborhood,” pp. 354–355; Tom Donovan, interview with the authors.

7.
Skerrett, “Catholic Dimension,” in McCaffrey,
The Irish in Chicago,
p. 49.

8.
Fanning, “The Literary Dimension,” in McCaffrey,
The Irish in Chicago,
p. 102.

9.
CST,
8/24/68.

10.
Greeley,
Neighborhood,
p. 24;
Diamond Jubilee of the Archdiocese of Chicago,
p. 401; Kennedy,
Himself!,
p. 33; Fanning, “The Literary Dimension,” in McCaffrey,
The Irish in Chicago,
pp. 108-109.

11.
Chicago American,
2/12/65;
CT,
6/13/99; Wittke,
The Irish in America,
p. 16;
CT,
1/13/76.

12.
Wittke,
The Irish in America,
pp. 7–8.

13.
Wittke,
The Irish in America,
p. 100; Shannon,
The American Irish,
p. 43.

14.
CT,
2/26/1855, cited in McCaffrey,
The Irish in Chicago,
pp. 26, 8.

15.
Shannon,
The American Irish,
pp. 28–29.

16.
Greeley,
That Most Distressful Nation,
p. 42; Eugene Kennedy, interview with the authors; Rakove,
Don’t Make No Waves,
p. 48; Halberstam, “Daley of Chicago,” p. 26.

17.
Kennedy,
Himself!,
p. 35; O’Connor,
Clout,
p. 16; Royko,
Boss,
p. 33;
CT,
6/17/65.

18.
Greeley,
That Most Distressful Nation,
p. 101; Kennedy,
Himself!,
pp. 35–36; Gilbert Graham, interview with the authors.

19.
Gilbert Graham, interview with the authors; Earl Bush, in
Daley: The Last Boss
(film documentary, Barak Goodman, producer; aired on
The American Experience,
PBS).

20.
CT,
3/28/55; Ciccone,
Daley,
p. 51; Kantowicz, “Church and Neighborhood,” p. 359; Wittke,
The Irish in America,
p. 100.

21.
CST,
9/26/68; Ehrenhalt,
The Lost City,
p. 129.

22.
CST,
9/26/68; Fanning, “The Literary Dimension,” in McCaffrey,
The Irish in Chicago,
p. 110.

23.
Kennedy,
Himself!,
p. 37; Rakove,
Don’t Make No Waves,
pp. 62, xx.

24.
Sister Gabriel, quoted in
Daley: The Last Boss
(film);
De La Salle: Chicago’s Great School,
1995 (copy on file with authors); Royko,
Boss,
p. 35.

25.
De La Salle,
p. 34; Royko,
Boss,
pp. 35, 34.

26.
Ciccone,
Daley,
p. 51; Centennial History, pp. 6–37.

27.
Kennedy,
Himself!,
p. 41; Tuttle,
Race Riot,
p. 199;
CST,
“Mayor Daley Remembered: 10 Years After His Death, His Family Reflects,” p. 10; Tuttle,
Race Riot,
p. 199; Gleason,
Daley of Chicago,
p. 130.

28.
Kennedy,
Himself!,
p. 41;
CT,
3/23/72; Fanning, “The Literary Dimension,” in Mc-Caffrey,
The Irish in Chicago,
p. 103.

29.
O’Connor,
Clout,
p. 19;
NYT,
6/27/61;
CT,
6/28/61.

30.
Tuttle,
Race Riot,
p. 102; McGreevy, “American Catholics and the African-American Migration, 1919–1970,” Ph.D. dissertation (Stanford, 1992), p. 1.

31.
Tuttle,
Race Riot,
p. 160;
NYT,
8/26/63; Drake and Cayton,
Black Metropolis,
Myrdal,
An American Dilemma,
p. 1127;
NYT,
8/26/63; Anderson and Pickering,
Confronting the Color Line,
pp. 45–46.

32.
Tuttle,
Race Riot,
p. 90; Lemann,
The Promised Land,
p. 339; Grossman,
Land of Hope,
p. 205.

33.
Grossman,
Land of Hope,
pp. 3–4.

34.
Anderson and Pickering,
Confronting the Color Line,
pp. 45–46; Grossman,
Land of Hope,
p. 123; Myrdal,
An American Dilemma,
p. 1127; Drake and Cayton,
Black Metropolis,
pp. 81–82, 202.

35.
Grossman,
Land of Hope,
pp. 168, 174; Anderson and Pickering,
Confronting the Color Line,
pp. 46, 48.

36.
Shannon,
The American Irish,
pp. 4–6; Drake and Cayton,
Black Metropolis,
p. 43.

37.
McGreevy, “American Catholics,” pp. 22, 120; Grossman,
Land of Hope,
p. 174.

38.
Grossman,
Land of Hope,
pp. 177, 179.

39.
Tuttle,
Race Riot,
pp. 8–10; Grossman,
Land of Hope,
p. 179.

40.
Biles,
Richard J. Daley,
p. 22; Tuttle,
Race Riot,
pp. 32, 48, 51.

41.
O’Connor,
Clout,
p. 19; Kennedy,
Himself!,
p. 43; Biles,
Richard J. Daley,
p. 22; Tuttle,
Race Riot,
p. 33.

42.
CT,
3/28/55.

43.
Rakove,
Don’t Make No Waves,
pp. 32 –33; Erie,
Rainbow’s End.

44.
Levine,
The Irish and Irish Politicians.

45.
Moynihan, “The Irish,” in Glazer and Moynihan,
Beyond the Melting Pot,
pp. 224, 226–227.

46.
McCaffrey,
The Irish in Chicago,
p. 62; Rakove,
Don’t Make No Waves,
p. 33; Fremon,
Chicago Politics Ward by Ward,
p. 84.

47.
Ciccone,
Daley,
pp. 47, 52; O’Connor,
Clout,
pp. 21–22.

48.
Erie,
Rainbow’s End.

49.
Rakove,
We Don’t Want,
p. 251; Banfield and Wilson,
City Politics,
p. 119.

50.
Banfield and Wilson,
City Politics,
p. 117; Bernard Neistein, interview, in Rakove,
We Don’t Want,
p. 62; Jacob Arvey, interview, in Rakove,
We Don’t Want,
p. 4; Rakove,
Don’t Make No Waves,
p. 130.

51.
Rakove,
Don’t Make No Waves,
p. 57.

52.
Guterbock,
Machine Politics in Transition,
pp. 79–80; Andre Foster, interview with the authors; Liebling,
Chicago: The Second City,
pp. 123–124.

53.
Guterbock,
Machine Politics,
pp. 83–85; Andre Foster, interview with the authors.

54.
Jacob Arvey, interview, in Rakove,
We Don’t Want,
p. 5.

55.
Fremon,
Chicago Politics Ward by Ward,
p. 180;
CT,
3/23/72; Hampton and Fayer,
Voices of Freedom,
p. 304; Vito Marzullo, interview, in Rakove,
We Don’t Want,
p. 52;
NYT,
1/16/67; Rakove,
Don’t Make No Waves,
p. 116.

56.
Ciccone,
Daley,
p. 52; Paul Green, remarks in
Daley: The Last Boss
(film); Royko,
Boss,
pp. 40, 52.

57.
Royko,
Boss,
p. 41;
NYT Magazine,
9/11/66, p. 188.

58.
Biles,
Richard J. Daley,
p. 23; Ciccone,
Daley,
p. 57.

59.
Chicago American,
6/14/65;
CT,
3/1/80; Sis Daley, quoted in
Daley: The Last Boss
(film);
Chicago American,
6/14/65; marriage license of Richard J. Daley and Eleanor R. Guilfoyle, on file with county clerk of County of Cook, Illinois;
CT,
3/28/55.

Chapter 2. A House for All Peoples

1.
Rakove,
We Don’t Want,
p. 8.

2.
Allswang,
Bosses, Machines,
pp. 107–108.

3.
Rakove,
We Don’t Want,
p. 31; Allswang,
Bosses, Machines,
pp. 108–109; Banfield and Wilson,
City Politics,
p. 18.

4.
Tuttle,
Race Riot,
p. 187; Allswang,
Bosses, Machines,
pp. 96–99, 101.

5.
Gosnell,
Machine Politics,
pp. 11–12; Anderson and Pickering,
Confronting the Color Line,
p. 51; Allswang,
Bosses, Machines,
p. 110; Travis,
Autobiography of Black Politics,
p. 93; Rakove,
Don’t Make No Waves,
pp. 48–49.

6.
Jacob Arvey, Columbia Oral History Project, p. 21.

7.
Travis,
Autobiography of Black Politics,
pp. 94–96; Rakove,
We Don’t Want,
pp. 31–32.

8.
Chicago Herald and Examiner,
10/30/29, cited in Green and Holli,
The Mayors,
pp. 103, 109.

9.
Gleason,
Daley of Chicago,
pp. 169–170; O’Connor,
Clout,
p. 47;
CT,
6/26/33.

10.
Rakove,
We Don’t Want,
p. 9.

11.
Biles,
Big City Boss,
pp. 6–7; Gosnell,
Machine Politics,
p. 16.

12.
Rakove,
We Don’t Want,
p. 33; Biles,
Big City Boss,
p. 22.

13.
Travis,
Autobiography of Black Politics,
p. 140; Biles,
Richard J. Daley,
p. 25; Hirsch, “Chicago: Cook County Democratic Organization and the Dilemma of Race, 1931–1987,” in Bernard,
Snowbelt Cities,
p. 67.

14.
Hirsch, “Chicago: Cook County Democratic Organization and the Dilemma of Race, 1931–1987,” in Bernard,
Snowbelt Cities,
p. 67;
CD,
10/20/34.

15.
Drake and Cayton,
Black Metropolis,
p. 352; Biles,
Big City Boss,
p. 95; Grimshaw,
Bitter Fruit
, pp. 48–49;
Ciccone
,
Daley
, p. 127.

16.
Drake and Cayton,
Black Metropolis,
p. 369;
CD,
3/23/35; Travis,
Autobiography of Black Politics,
pp. 126–127, 138; Biles,
Big City Boss,
p. 94.

17.
Ralph,
Northern Protest,
p. 11.

18.
Ira Dawson, interview with the authors;
New York Herald Tribune,
1/3/49; interview with John Leonard East, in Rakove,
We Don’t Want,
p. 32; Christopher,
America’s Black Congressmen
(New York: Thomas Y. Crowell, 1971), p. 185.

19.
Travis,
Autobiography in Black Politics,
p. 169; Grimshaw,
Bitter Fruit,
p. 77.

20.
Kennedy,
Himself!,
p. 90; Ehrenhalt,
The Lost City,
p. 162.

21.
Christopher,
America’s Black Congressmen,
p. 186.

22.
Cooper, “South Side Boss,” XIX
Chicago History,
66, 68–69; Travis,
Autobiography of Black Politics,
p. 150.

23.
Biles,
Big City Boss,
pp. 98–99.

24.
Biles,
Big City Boss,
p. 100; Travis,
Autobiography of Black Politics,
pp. 161–162.

25.
Biles,
Big City Boss,
pp. 100–101; Cooper, “South Side Boss,” p. 71.

26.
Ciccone,
Daley,
pp. 47–48, 50.

27.
Ciccone,
Daley,
p. 58.

28.
CT,
4/17/60; Ciccone,
Daley,
p. 60.

29.
O’Connor,
Clout,
p. 59; Rakove,
Don’t Make No Waves,
p. 48.

30.
Ciccone,
Daley,
p. 66; Kennedy,
Himself!,
p. 68; Royko,
Boss,
p. 53.

31.
Abraham Lincoln Marovitz, interview with the authors; Royko,
Boss,
p. 51.

32.
CT,
5/12/43; O’Connor,
Clout,
p. 29; Kennedy,
Himself!,
pp. 73–74.

33.
Ciccone,
Daley,
p. 61;
CT,
4/17/60; Mathewson,
Up Against Daley,
p. 44.

34.
Ciccone,
Daley,
p. 64;
CT,
5/24/45;
CT,
7/13/44, cited in Biles,
Big City Boss,
p. 128;
CT,
3/25/43.

35.
Ciccone,
Daley,
pp. 62–63.

36.
Jackson,
Crabgrass Frontier,
p. 221; Baron,
Building Babylon;
Bowly,
The Poorhouse,
p. 18.

37.
Drake and Cayton,
Black Metropolis,
p. 46; Squires et al.,
Chicago: Race, Class,
pp. 99–100; Bowly,
The Poorhouse,
p. 17; Warren, “Subsidized Housing in Chicago,” p. 3; Bowly,
The Poorhouse,
pp. 18, 27; Meyerson and Banfield,
Politics, Planning and the Public Interest,
p. 17.

38.
Jackson,
Crabgrass Frontier,
pp. 223–224.

39.
Meyerson and Banfield,
Politics, Planning and the Public Interest,
pp. 17–18;
CSM,
5/26/47.

40.
CST,
6/20/50.

41.
CT,
4/19/42;
CST,
6/20/50; James Fuerst, interview with the authors; Edward Holmgren, interview with the authors.

42.
Meyerson and Banfield,
Politics, Planning and the Public Interest,
p. 263;
CST,
4/19/42;
CSM,
3/1/51.

43.
CST,
6/20/50; Edward Holmgren, interview with the authors; Myerson and Banfield,
Politics, Planning and the Public Interest,
p. 287.

44.
Polikoff, “Low-Rent Public Housing”; Jackson,
Crabgrass Frontier,
p. 226; Meyerson and Banfield,
Politics, Planning and the Public Interest,
p. 121; Bowly,
The Poorhouse,
p. 27.