1808: The Flight of the Emperor (38 page)

monarchy, absolute,
4

natural catastrophe,
28

neutrality, politics of,
29

reforms,
28–29

return to,
226
,
227–34

sea power,
24

Portugal, Fernando José de,
82
,
151

Portugal, Marcos Antonio,
157

Portuguese ships.
See also
specific ships

about,
24
,
46–47
,
49–50

arrival in Rio de Janeiro,
84–85
,
89–92

plans for arrival of,
85–89

post, speed of,
19

Prado, Almeida,
175

pregnancy out of wedlock,
249
,
250–52

Presas, José,
129–30

Pretos Novos (New Blacks) Cemetery,
169–70

Prince of Brazil
(ship),
31
,
50

Princess Carlota
(ship),
96–97

prostitution,
65
,
75
,
162
,
193

public servants, kickbacks and payments to,
134–35

punishment of slaves,
164
,
165
,
178–79

 

Queen of Portugal
(ship),
31
,
36
,
49
,
52

Queluz, Palace of,
5
,
8
,
33
,
118

Quental, Antero de,
25

 

Ramos, Artur,
178

Ratton, Jácome,
43

rebellions, slave,
82
,
83
,
164

Recife, Brazil,
203–4
,
205
,
207
,
209

religious freedom,
148

revolts, slave,
82
,
83
,
164

Rio de Janeiro.
See also
Brazil

appearance,
102
,
104

bells, church,
109

burial of dead,
167
,
169–70

cannon fire,
109–10

crime,
162
,
165

customs,
105–6
,
163–64
,
166

dress,
105

food,
108–9

French influence,
159–60

health and medical care,
112–13

housing,
87–88
,
93–94
,
136
,
147
,
154–55

manners, table,
108

meals,
106–9

meat,
108

police,
163–66

population,
103
,
113
,
162

as port,
101–2
,
104

Portuguese ships, arrival of,
84–85
,
89–92

Portuguese ships, plans for arrival of,
85–89

roads,
109
,
113

sanitation,
104–5
,
167

slaves and slavery,
104–5
,
110–13
,
164–65
,
169–72
,
176
,
181–83

trellises,
154–55
,
163–64

violence,
165

Rio de Janeiro Gazette
,
154
,
158–59

Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil,
71–72
,
73

River Plate Question,
129

roads,
109
,
113
,
153

Rodrigues, José Honório,
233
,
239

Rothenberg, Gunther,
12–13

Royal Chapel (Rio de Janeiro),
93
,
120
,
157
,
214
,
215

Royal Library (Portugal),
39
,
40–41
,
45
,
96
,
246

Royal Navy (Britain),
47–48
,
101–2
,
146–47

Royal Pantry and Buttery (Rio de Janeiro),
133
,
135

Royal Prince
(ship),
31
,
36
,
38
,
48
,
49
,
50
,
52

Rufino de Sousa Lobato, Francisco,
120

Rufino de Sousa Lobato, Matias Antonio,
120–21

Rugendas, Johann Moritz.,
63
,
187
,
212

runaway slaves,
180–81

 

Saint-Hilaire, Augustin de,
68
,
78
,
187
,
193

Salvador, Brazil,
57–67
,
70
,
245–46

sanitation,
42–43
,
104–5
,
167

Santa Catarina, Brazil,
73–74

São Cristovão Palace,
188
,
213
,
217–18

São João Theatre,
157
,
160
,
165

São Paulo, Brazil,
74–75

Schultz, Kirsten,
122
,
248

Schwarcz, Lília,
26
,
27
,
32
,
45
,
117
,
215

scientific advancement,
192–95

Secret Memoirs of D. Carlota Joaquina, The
(Presas),
130

ship life,
46–47
,
48–49
,
53
,
54–55
,
96–97
.
See also
Portuguese ships;
specific ships

shipwrecks,
173–74

Shyllon, F. O.,
174

Silva, Amaro Velho da,
92
,
140

Silva, Chica da,
182

slaves and slavery

arrest of slaves,
164–65

branding of slaves,
178
,
180

Brazil,
82
,
172

Debret's documentation of,
156–57

manumitted/freed slaves,
181–83

market, slave,
169–72

moonlighting slaves,
176–77

owners, slave,
175–76
,
182

price of slaves,
175
,
176
,
244
,
245

punishment of slaves,
164
,
165
,
178–79

rebellions, slave,
82
,
83
,
164

Rio de Janeiro,
104–5
,
110–13
,
164–65
,
169–72
,
176
,
181–83

runaway slaves,
180–81

statistics,
172

tigers (slaves involved in sanitation),
104–5

trafficking, slave,
172–75

Smith, Sidney

blockade, naval,
66–67

Brazil,
238

Brazil, departure for,
37–38
,
39

Brazil, voyage to,
49
,
50
,
51

Carlota Joaquina and,
129

gifts to,
147

Portugal, invasion of,
20

Rio de Janeiro,
102

smuggling,
79

Society of English Merchants Trading in Brazil,
144–45

Souza, Anna Maria de São Thiago,
244
,
249
,
250
,
252

Spain,
20
,
200–201
.
See also
Peninsular War

storm during voyage to Brazil,
50
,
51–52
,
57–58

Strangford, Percy Smythe, Viscount

blockade, naval,
66–67

Brazil, departure for,
37

Brazil, voyage to,
49
,
50

England, return to,
51

João and,
246

Portugal, invasion of,
18
,
20

treaty negotiation,
147

whipping of,
127

Sumpter, Thomas,
127

 

table manners,
108

Tailors' Conspiracy,
82
,
83
,
237

Targini, Bento Maria,
135
,
136–37
,
234

Taunay, Auguste,
155–56
,
214

Te Deum Laudamus
,
62
,
65
,
92

territorial expansion attempts,
152

Thiebault, Paul,
22

tigers (slaves),
104–5

timeliness, personal,
115
,
117

Tiradentes,
81
,
83
,
231
,
237

Tomas, Manuel Fernandes,
229

Tordesillas, Treaty of,
69

trafficking, slave,
172–75

travelers to Brazil,
184–95
.
See also
specific people

Travels in Brazil
(Koster),
77
,
189–91

Travels in the Interior of Brazil
(Mawe),
185

Trazimundo, José,
34
,
38

treaties

British-Portuguese,
147
,
149

Fontainebleau, Treaty of,
20–21

Madrid, Treaty of,
69

Tordesillas, Treaty of,
69

Vienna, Treaty of,
152
,
154

Tree Frog, Father.
See
Gonçalves dos Santos, Luis

trellises,
154–55
,
163–64

Tuckey, James,
104
,
105–6
,
175
,
176

turbans,
91

 

United States,
203
,
206

University of Coimbra,
80
,
198–99

Uranie
(ship),
187–88

 

Vainfas, Ronaldo,
182

Valongo Market,
169–72

Varnhagen, Francisco Adolfo de,
79
,
205

Viana, Paulo Fernandes,
142
,
163–68
,
183
,
213
,
216–17

Vidigal, Miguel Nunes,
166

Vieira, José Inacio Vaz,
140

Vieira da Silva, Manuel,
167
,
168

Vienna, Treaty of,
152
,
154

Vienna,
211–12

Villa Nova Portugal, Thomaz,
122
,
232

violence,
165

von Leithold, Theodor,
121
,
157
,
161
,
181

von Martius, Karl,
75–76
,
175
,
187
,
193–95

von Spix, Johann Baptist,
187
,
193–95

voyage to Brazil,
48–56

 

Walker, James,
51
,
52
,
53
,
59
,
147

Warren, Richard,
9

Waterloo, Battle of,
14
,
200
,
202
,
203
,
210
,
225

Wellington, Arthur Wellesley, Duke of,
14
,
200
,
201
,
202

wet nurses,
244–45

whipping of slaves,
164
,
165
,
178–79

Wilcken, Patrick,
120

Willis, Francis,
9

woodsmen,
181

wool shawls,
145
,
150

work ethic,
191–92

 

Zong
(ship),
174