The Uncrowned King: The Sensational Rise of William Randolph Hearst (93 page)
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40
New York Journal,
October 12, 1897; Campbell, ibid., 181.
New York Journal,
October 12, 1897; Campbell, ibid., 181.
41
New York Journal,
October 12, 1897.
New York Journal,
October 12, 1897.
42
New York Journal,
October 10, 1897, October 11, 1897.
New York Journal,
October 10, 1897, October 11, 1897.
43
New York Journal,
October 13, 1897.
New York Journal,
October 13, 1897.
44
New York Journal,
October 11, 1897.
New York Journal,
October 11, 1897.
45
New York Journal,
October 13, 1897, October 15, 1897.
New York Journal,
October 13, 1897, October 15, 1897.
46
New York Journal,
October 11, 1897, October 12, 1897.
New York Journal,
October 11, 1897, October 12, 1897.
47
New York Journal,
October 14, 1897.
New York Journal,
October 14, 1897.
48
New York Journal,
October 15, 1897.
New York Journal,
October 15, 1897.
49
Frederick Palmer, “Hearst and Hearstism,”
Collier’s Magazine,
September 22 and September 29, 1906.
Frederick Palmer, “Hearst and Hearstism,”
Collier’s Magazine,
September 22 and September 29, 1906.
50
New York Journal,
October 15, 1897, October 17, 1897.
New York Journal,
October 15, 1897, October 17, 1897.
51
Campbell,
Year,
op. cit., 169-170.
Campbell,
Year,
op. cit., 169-170.
52
Abbot, op. cit., 215-216
Abbot, op. cit., 215-216
53
Ibid., 216; Swanberg,
Hearst,
op. cit., 126.
Ibid., 216; Swanberg,
Hearst,
op. cit., 126.
54
Nasaw, op. cit., 129.
Nasaw, op. cit., 129.
55
New York Herald,
October 9, 1897.
New York Herald,
October 9, 1897.
56
New York Journal,
October 15, 1897.
New York Journal,
October 15, 1897.
57
New York Journal,
August 28, 1897, August 23, 1897; see also
New York Journal,
August 24, 1897, August 25, 1897, August 26, 1897, August 27, 1897, August 29, 1897.
New York Journal,
August 28, 1897, August 23, 1897; see also
New York Journal,
August 24, 1897, August 25, 1897, August 26, 1897, August 27, 1897, August 29, 1897.
58
Stephen Bonsal,
The Real Condition of Cuba To-Day
(New York: Harper & Brothers, 1897), 147.
Stephen Bonsal,
The Real Condition of Cuba To-Day
(New York: Harper & Brothers, 1897), 147.
59
Ibid., 111, 141.
Ibid., 111, 141.
60
Campbell,
Year,
op. cit., 180.
Campbell,
Year,
op. cit., 180.
61
Ibid., 184; Offner, op. cit., 80-81.
Ibid., 184; Offner, op. cit., 80-81.
62
Robert Dallek,
1898: McKinley’s Decision, The United States Declares War on Spain
(New York: Chelsea House Publishers, 1969), 32-43; Offner, ibid., 46-47.
Robert Dallek,
1898: McKinley’s Decision, The United States Declares War on Spain
(New York: Chelsea House Publishers, 1969), 32-43; Offner, ibid., 46-47.
63
Offner, ibid., 112-113.
Offner, ibid., 112-113.
64
New York Journal,
February 17, 1898, March 24, 1898; Wisan, op. cit., 402-403.
New York Journal,
February 17, 1898, March 24, 1898; Wisan, op. cit., 402-403.
65
Offner, op. cit., 241.
Offner, op. cit., 241.
66
Offner, op. cit., 78-80.
Offner, op. cit., 78-80.
67
Millis, op. cit., 76; Musicant, op. cit., 63.
Millis, op. cit., 76; Musicant, op. cit., 63.
68
Offner, op. cit., 57.
Offner, op. cit., 57.
69
Ibid., 61 and 63; Dallek, op. cit., 47-52.
Ibid., 61 and 63; Dallek, op. cit., 47-52.
70
William McKinley, “State of the Union Message, December 6, 1897,” from John T. Woolley and Gerhard Peters, The American Presidency Project (online).
William McKinley, “State of the Union Message, December 6, 1897,” from John T. Woolley and Gerhard Peters, The American Presidency Project (online).
71
Walter A. McDougall,
Promised Land, Crusader State: The American Encounter With the World Since 1776
(New York: Mariner Books, 1997), 118.
Walter A. McDougall,
Promised Land, Crusader State: The American Encounter With the World Since 1776
(New York: Mariner Books, 1997), 118.
1
New York Journal,
October 18, 1897.
New York Journal,
October 18, 1897.
2
New York Times,
January 24, 1898.
New York Times,
January 24, 1898.
3
Campbell,
Year,
op. cit., 28.
Campbell,
Year,
op. cit., 28.
4
Oliver Carlson,
Brisbane: A Candid Biography
(New York: Stackpole Sons, 1937); Lubow, op cit., 43-45.
Oliver Carlson,
Brisbane: A Candid Biography
(New York: Stackpole Sons, 1937); Lubow, op cit., 43-45.
5
Frank M. O’Brien,
The Story of the Sun, New York: 1833-1928
(New York: D. Appleton & Co., 1928), 157.
Frank M. O’Brien,
The Story of the Sun, New York: 1833-1928
(New York: D. Appleton & Co., 1928), 157.
6
Carlson,
Brisbane,
op. cit., 92.
Carlson,
Brisbane,
op. cit., 92.
7
Milton, op. cit., 37.
Milton, op. cit., 37.
8
Lubow, op. cit., 49.
Lubow, op. cit., 49.
9
Carlson,
Brisbane,
op. cit., 97.
Carlson,
Brisbane,
op. cit., 97.
10
Charles Edward Russell interviewed by Boyden Sparkes, Brisbane Papers.
Charles Edward Russell interviewed by Boyden Sparkes, Brisbane Papers.
11
Brian, op. cit., 212.
Brian, op. cit., 212.
12
Seitz,
Pulitzer,
op. cit., 230.
Seitz,
Pulitzer,
op. cit., 230.
13
Charles Edward Russell to Boyden Sparkes, Brisbane Papers.
Charles Edward Russell to Boyden Sparkes, Brisbane Papers.
14
The Fourth Estate,
May 27, 1897.
The Fourth Estate,
May 27, 1897.
15
Carlson,
Brisbane,
op. cit., 107-108.
Carlson,
Brisbane,
op. cit., 107-108.
16
Ibid., 101.
Ibid., 101.
17
Ibid., 109-110.
Ibid., 109-110.
18
WRH to Boyden Sparkes, 1937, Brisbane Papers.
WRH to Boyden Sparkes, 1937, Brisbane Papers.
19
Anne Brown to Boyden Sparkes, Brisbane Papers.
Anne Brown to Boyden Sparkes, Brisbane Papers.
20
The Journalist,
September 18, 1897.
The Journalist,
September 18, 1897.
21
The Journalist,
September 11, 1897.
The Journalist,
September 11, 1897.
22
The Fourth Estate,
September 30, 1897.
The Fourth Estate,
September 30, 1897.
23
Charles Edward Russell to Boyden Sparkes, Brisbane Papers.
Charles Edward Russell to Boyden Sparkes, Brisbane Papers.
24
Unidentified source to Boyden Sparkes, Brisbane Papers.
Unidentified source to Boyden Sparkes, Brisbane Papers.
25
Carlson,
Brisbane,
op. cit., 113-114.
Carlson,
Brisbane,
op. cit., 113-114.
26
T. E. Powers to Boyden Sparkes, Brisbane Papers.
T. E. Powers to Boyden Sparkes, Brisbane Papers.
27
WRH to Boyden Sparkes, Brisbane Papers.
WRH to Boyden Sparkes, Brisbane Papers.
28
Carlson,
Brisbane,
op. cit., 115.
Carlson,
Brisbane,
op. cit., 115.
29
Lubow, op. cit., 145.
Lubow, op. cit., 145.
30
WRH to Boyden Sparkes, Brisbane Papers.
WRH to Boyden Sparkes, Brisbane Papers.
31
Charles Edward Russell to Boyden Sparkes, Brisbane Papers.
Charles Edward Russell to Boyden Sparkes, Brisbane Papers.
32
Ibid.
Ibid.
33
WRH to Boyden Sparkes, Brisbane Papers.
WRH to Boyden Sparkes, Brisbane Papers.
34
Nasaw, op. cit., 161.
Nasaw, op. cit., 161.
35
Carlson,
Brisbane,
op. cit., 111.
Carlson,
Brisbane,
op. cit., 111.
36
WRH to Boyden Sparkes, Brisbane Papers.
WRH to Boyden Sparkes, Brisbane Papers.
37
Steffens, “Hearst, Man of Mystery,” op. cit., 4.
Steffens, “Hearst, Man of Mystery,” op. cit., 4.
38
The Journalist,
May 15, 1897.
The Journalist,
May 15, 1897.
39
The Fourth Estate,
September 9, 1897.
The Fourth Estate,
September 9, 1897.
40
Winkler, op. cit., 80.
Winkler, op. cit., 80.
41
New York Journal,
December 27, 1896.
New York Journal,
December 27, 1896.
42
New York Journal,
December 8, 1897.
New York Journal,
December 8, 1897.
43
New York Journal,
October 13, 1897.
New York Journal,
October 13, 1897.
44
Kobre,
Yellow,
op. cit., 77.
Kobre,
Yellow,
op. cit., 77.
45
The Journalist,
October 3, 1899.
The Journalist,
October 3, 1899.
46
New York Journal,
October 13, 1897.
New York Journal,
October 13, 1897.
47
Stead, op. cit., 227.
Stead, op. cit., 227.
48
Ibid., 227.
Ibid., 227.
49
Ibid., 231.
Ibid., 231.
50
Ibid., 236-237.
Ibid., 236-237.
51
Smythe, op. cit, 191.
Smythe, op. cit, 191.
52
Gerald F. Linderman,
The Mirror of War: American Society and the Spanish-American War
(Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1974), 149.
Gerald F. Linderman,
The Mirror of War: American Society and the Spanish-American War
(Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1974), 149.
53
Ibid., 15
Ibid., 15
54
Wilkerson, op. cit., 64.
Wilkerson, op. cit., 64.
55
Linderman, op. cit., 152.
Linderman, op. cit., 152.
56
New York Times,
February 25, 1898; February 26, 1898.
New York Times,
February 25, 1898; February 26, 1898.
1
Lewis L. Gould,
The Spanish-American War and President McKinley
(Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 1982), 18.
Lewis L. Gould,
The Spanish-American War and President McKinley
(Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 1982), 18.
2
Tone, op. cit., 49.
Tone, op. cit., 49.
3
New York Journal,
November 27, 1897.
New York Journal,
November 27, 1897.
4
Taylor, op. cit., 610-636.
Taylor, op. cit., 610-636.
5
Offner, op. cit., 37; Gould,
Spanish-American War,
op. cit., 28.
Offner, op. cit., 37; Gould,
Spanish-American War,
op. cit., 28.
6
Gould,
Spanish-American War,
op. cit., 32; Musicant, op. cit., 119.
Gould,
Spanish-American War,
op. cit., 32; Musicant, op. cit., 119.
7
Wisan, op. cit., 374; see also Brown, op. cit., 110; Wilkerson, op. cit., 100; Brian, op. cit., 228.
Wisan, op. cit., 374; see also Brown, op. cit., 110; Wilkerson, op. cit., 100; Brian, op. cit., 228.
8
New York Journal,
January 14, 1898.
New York Journal,
January 14, 1898.
9
Gould,
Spanish-American
War, op. cit., 32-33.
Gould,
Spanish-American
War, op. cit., 32-33.
10
Offner, op. cit., 95-98.
Offner, op. cit., 95-98.
11
Musicant, op. cit., 116-117; H. G. Rickover,
How the Battleship
Maine
Was Destroyed
(Annapolis: Naval Institute Press, 1976), 1.
Musicant, op. cit., 116-117; H. G. Rickover,
How the Battleship
Maine
Was Destroyed
(Annapolis: Naval Institute Press, 1976), 1.
12
Musicant, ibid., 126.
Musicant, ibid., 126.
13
Ibid., 129.
Ibid., 129.
14
Gould,
Spanish-American War,
op. cit., 33.
Gould,
Spanish-American War,
op. cit., 33.
15
Dallek, op. cit., 110.
Dallek, op. cit., 110.
16
Ibid., 110-111.
Ibid., 110-111.
17
Swanberg,
Hearst,
op. cit., 136; Nasaw, op. cit., 131; Smythe, op. cit., 188;
New York Evening Post,
February 10, 1898.
Swanberg,
Hearst,
op. cit., 136; Nasaw, op. cit., 131; Smythe, op. cit., 188;
New York Evening Post,
February 10, 1898.
18
New York Evening Post,
February 10, 1898.
New York Evening Post,
February 10, 1898.
19
Traxel, op. cit., 99.
Traxel, op. cit., 99.
20
Offner, op. cit., 121-122.
Offner, op. cit., 121-122.
21
New York Journal,
February 13, 1898.
New York Journal,
February 13, 1898.
22
New York Journal,
February 15, 1898.
New York Journal,
February 15, 1898.
23
New York Journal
February 13, 1898.
New York Journal
February 13, 1898.
24
New York Journal,
February 10, 1898, February 12, 1898.
New York Journal,
February 10, 1898, February 12, 1898.
25
New York Journal,
January 23, 1898.
New York Journal,
January 23, 1898.
26
Musicant, op. cit., 137.
Musicant, op. cit., 137.
27
Milton, op. cit., 219.
Milton, op. cit., 219.
28
New York Journal,
February 17, 1898.
New York Journal,
February 17, 1898.
29
Rickover, op. cit., 1; “The Destruction of USS Maine,” Department of the Navy, Navy Historical Center website.
Rickover, op. cit., 1; “The Destruction of USS Maine,” Department of the Navy, Navy Historical Center website.
30
Musicant, op. cit., 141.
Musicant, op. cit., 141.
31
Brown, op. cit., 121.
Brown, op. cit., 121.
32
Traxel, op. cit., 108.
Traxel, op. cit., 108.
33
Coblentz, op. cit., 58-59.
Coblentz, op. cit., 58-59.
34
New York Evening Post,
February 19, 1898.
New York Evening Post,
February 19, 1898.
35
New York Evening Post,
February 21, 1898.
New York Evening Post,
February 21, 1898.
36
Carlson and Bates,
Hearst: Lord of San Simeon,
op. cit., 105.
Carlson and Bates,
Hearst: Lord of San Simeon,
op. cit., 105.
37
New York Evening Post,
March 17, 1898.
New York Evening Post,
March 17, 1898.
38
New York Evening Post,
March 21, 1898.
New York Evening Post,
March 21, 1898.
39
New York Evening Post,
April 30, 1898.
New York Evening Post,
April 30, 1898.
40
Wisan, op. cit., 30.
Wisan, op. cit., 30.
41
Swanberg,
Hearst,
op. cit., 137.
Swanberg,
Hearst,
op. cit., 137.
42
Ibid., 137.
Ibid., 137.
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