The Road to Hell (55 page)

Samal,
252

Samatar, Mohamed Ali,
132

Saudi Arabia,
36
,
71

Save the Children (SCF),
264
,
271
; advertisements for,
3
,
22
-23,
49
-50,
66
,
76
-77,
137
-38,
140
,
142
,
148
,
157
-59,
212
; Appalachian programs,
139
,
147
,
152
; Bausch as president of,
138
,
138
n,
159
; Bolivia and,
153
-55; Cameroon and,
153
; Cassidy and,
25
-26,
42
-46,
48
-52,
59
-81,
83
,
86
,
137
,
138
,
161
; Ethiopia and,
51
,
52
; Eyes on the Future program,
156
; financial records,
52
,
60
,
70
,
80
; Ford Foundation and,
143
; Guyer as president of,
76
-77,
138
; headquarters described,
139
; investigations of,
73
-74,
76
-77,
136
,
143
-48,
153
-55,
158
-60; legal problems,
50
,
76
,
146
,
148
,
159
; MacCormack as president of,
136
,
138
-46,
148
,
155
-56,
158
,
160
-61; Qorioley irrigation project,
44
,
55
-57,
59
-67,
69
-74,
77
-78,
80
-81,
83
,
137
,
168
; Somalia and,
25
-26,
42
-46,
48
-49,
51
-52,
56
-57,
59
-81,
83
,
86
,
93
,
94
,
106
,
112
-13,
136
-38,
168
; Southwestern U.S. programs,
148
-53,
156
-57; sponsorship, details of,
139
-60; Sudan and,
46
,
49
,
157
-58; UNHCR and,
62
-64; USAID and,
62
-65,
136
; where the money goes,
140
-60,
269
; Zaire and,
267

Scoop
(Waugh),
260
-61

Sen, Amartya,
21

Senegal, peanuts from,
193

Serena Hotel (Nairobi),
20
,
237

Shaka,
236

Shalambod, Somalia,
59

Shaw, George Bernard,
270

Sheikh, Mohamed.
See
Jiis

Shermaarke, Abdirashiid AU,
246
,
281

Shirdon, Yusuf Abdi,
162
-66,
175

Shughart, Randall,
216

Sigalow, Somalia,
102

Soldier of Fortune
,
271

Somalfruit,
169

Somalia,
11
,
140
-41,
197
,
258
,
271
.
See also
Barre, Mohamed Siyaad; Refugees, Somalia and; Somali clans. Action for Children and,
166
; Afgooye,
59
,
88
,
177
; AfriAction and,
166
,
177
; Baidoa,
13
-18,
204
,
209
-10,
212
,
214
,
283
; Balad,
80
; Bardera,
19
,
97
,
209
-11,
284
; Beledweyne,
17
,
19
-21,
72
,
93
,
94
,
96
,
98
-102
106
,
109
,
113
,
114
,
127
,
128
,
179
,
240
,
244
,
277
-80; Berbera,
36
,
40
,
41
,
179
,
181
,
184
-86,
243
,
282
; Louis Berger, Inc., and,
51
; Boosaaso,
99
-100,
243
-44; Boroma,
247
; Boutros -Ghali and,
207
,
209
,
215
,
219
,
228
,
242
,
247
-48; Brava,
72
; British colonialism in,
34
,
68
,
69
,
81
,
118
,
122
,
244
,
246
-48,
281
; Burao,
178
-79,
283
; Bush and,
14
,
207
,
208
,
212
,
217
-20,
218
n,
285
; CARE and,
18
,
65
,
71
,
98
,
110
,
112
,
115
,
116
,
119
-21,
124
-25,
127
,
128
,
135
,
183
,
209
,
219
,
282
,
284
; Carter and,
14
,
35
; Cassidy's experiences,
2
-31,
37
,
39
-46,
48
-52,
57
-93,
137
,
138
,
161
; Centers for Disease Control and,
280
; Central Bank,
82
; China and,
243
; CIA and,
81
; Clinton and,
216
-17,
229
,
254
-55,
286
; Doctors Without Borders and,
94
,
280
; EEC and,
51
,
171
; Erigavo,
45
; expatriate hangouts in,
32
,
37
-39,
81
,
84
-87,
91
; famine in,
2
,
13
-14,
21
,
24
,
103
,
204
-14,
217
-18,
283
,
284
; FAO and,
26
,
65
,
84
,
88
-90,
93
; fixers in,
43
-44; Food for Peace and,
63
,
97
,
101
,
172
,
173
,
202
; Galkayo,
20
-21,
243
,
244
; Gardo,
244
; Garowe,
103
,
244
; Goodwill Industries and,
31
; Galkayo,
20
-21; GTZ and,
71
; Hargeysa,
40
,
71
,
100
,
118
-19,
129
-30,
175
,
178
,
179
,
185
,
244
-46,
282
-83; Hiran,
97
,
102
,
106
; historical background,
33
-36; IMF and,
175
; International Rescue Committee and,
209
,
242
; Italian colonialism in,
34
,
37
-39,
54
,
59
,
68
,
81
,
118
,
122
,
244
,
247
,
281
; Jalalaqsi,
106
,
107
,
109
-10,
112
-14,
204
; Joint Task Force and,
232
-33; Juba,
169
,
170
,
242
,
248
; Labatan Jirow prison,
82
; Kismaayo,
17
,
162
,
169
,
244
,
285
; “lessons learned” from,
237
-38; Medical Volunteers International, Somalia and,
94
; Merka,
42
,
67
,
254
; Ministry of Agriculture,
70
,
72
,
73
,
168
-69; Ministry of Defense,
82
,
181
; Ministry of Education,
167
; Ministry of Finance,
175
-76; Ministry of Foreign Affairs,
130
,
167
; Ministry of Health,
167
; Ministry of Planning,
167
; Ministry of the Interior,
164
,
166
,
167
; Mogadishu,
17
,
19
,
20
,
26
,
30
-32,
37
-40,
42
-44,
51
-52,
56
-58,
60
,
66
,
67
,
70
-74,
77
,
80
,
82
,
84
-91,
93
-95,
94
,
97
,
101
,
104
,
106
,
108
,
110
,
113
-15,
117
,
118
,
124
-25,
132
-33,
136
,
162
-64,
166
-67,
169
,
173
,
176
-81,
183
-87,
187
n,
203
-4,
212
,
213
,
216
-17,
220
,
222
-37,
223
n,
224
n,
226
n,
229
n,
239
,
240
,
242
-44,
248
-56,
283
-86; mooryaan in,
16
-19,
23
,
101
,
164
; National Refugee Commission,
63
,
65
,
95
-96,
98
-99,
102
,
119
,
120
,
124
-27,
131
-32,
163
,
165
,
175
,
282
; National Security Service,
36
,
58
,
96
,
99
,
125
,
126
; nomads in,
14
,
21
-22,
53
-57,
64
,
95
,
109
; orphans in,
14
,
95
,
119
; Oxfam and,
94
,
98
,
126
,
242
; Peace Corps and,
71
; prostitution in,
38
; Provide Relief and,
284
; Qorioiey,
42
,
44
,
53
-57,
59
-67,
69
-78,
80
-81,
83
-84,
86
,
112
-13,
137
,
168
; Quick Reaction Force and,
220
,
220
n,
222
,
229
,
285
,
286
; Reagan and,
14
,
36
; Red Cross and,
15
,
18
,
19
,
53
,
54
,
103
,
116
,
185
-86,
209
-10,
218
,
272
; Salvation Army and,
31
; Save the Children and,
25
-26,
42
-46,
48
-49,
51
-52,
56
-57,
59
-81,
83
,
86
,
93
,
94
,
106
,
112
-13,
136
-38; Shalambod,
59
Sigalow,
102
; Somali Children's Aid,
166
; Somali National Alliance,
224
,
229
,
234
,
242
n,
283
,
287
; Somali National Movement,
71
,
118
,
128
n,
131
,
133
-34,
178
-79,
179
n,
181
,
184
,
247
,
282
-83; Somali Patriotic Movement,
183
; Somali Salvation Democratic Front,
99
,
103
-5,
117
-18,
133
; Somali Society for the Protection of Children,
166
; SOS Kinderdorf and,
79
-80,
87
; Soviet Union and,
30
,
31
,
33
,
35
-37,
39
,
53
,
128
,
246
,
248
,
281
,
282
; Tear Fund and,
94
; technicals in,
128
,
128
n,
243
; timeline,
281
-87; UN and,
15
,
17
-21,
26
,
33
,
51
,
55
,
62
-65,
84
,
88
-90,
93
,
94
,
103
,
105
,
117
,
120
-35,
166
-67,
176
,
177
,
180
-88,
203
,
207
,
209
,
210
,
214
-15,
219
-33,
22
On,
221
n,
222
n,
223
n,
224
n,
235
,
237
,
239
-43,
24
On,
241
n,
242
n,
246
-53,
259
,
277
-79,
284
-87; UNDP and,
93
,
166
,
183
-88; UNHCR and,
62
-65,
93
,
94
,
106
-7,
120
-35,
180
-83; UNICEF and,
18
,
93
,
203
,
249
; UNITAF and,
215
,
220
,
285
; United Somali Congress,
13
,
17
,
113
,
114
,
131
,
187
,
187
n,
224
,
229
,
283
; UNOSOM and,
214
-15,
220
-21,
223
-31,
224
n,
233
,
24
On,
242
,
243
,
246
,
247
,
250
,
254
,
284
-86; USAID and,
12
,
31
,
37
,
39
-41,
62
-65,
69
,
72
,
83
,
93
-102,
105
,
120
-21,
135
n,
136
,
163
,
167
,
168
,
211
; US. Army and,
216
-17,
229
,
233
-38; U.S. Department of Defense and,
81
,
229
,
232
-34,
241
n,
254
-55,
273
; U.S. Department of State and,
97
,
174
,
179
-82; USIS and,
37
; U.S. Marines and,
14
,
18
,
27
-30,
37
,
82
,
85
,
203
-4,
208
-9,
212
-14,
217
,
218
,
221
,
235
,
253
-55,
284
,
287
; war in,
13
-18,
21
-24,
26
-30,
37
,
45
,
82
,
90
-91,
94
,
97
,
99
,
100
,
103
-7,
113
-15,
117
-18,
128
,
131
,
113
-34,
162
,
163
,
166
,
176
-81,
179
n,
183
-87,
187
n,
203
-5,
211
,
212
,
214
-56,
218
n,
221
n,
222
n,
223
n,
224
n,
229
n,
263
,
272
,
277
-78,
281
-87; water in,
21
,
44
,
55
-57,
59
-67,
69
-74,
77
-78,
80
-81,
83
,
88
,
94
,
168
,
170
; Western Somalia Liberation Front,
36
,
94
,
97
-99,
101
,
102
,
118
,
133
,
282
; WFP and,
93
,
129
,
130
,
133
-35,
167
,
181
,
185
,
188
,
203
,
242
,
284
; WHO and,
187
-88; World Bank and,
174
n,
175
,
211