The Edward Snowden Affair (50 page)

³⁹
   Mason, Jeff and Mark Felsenthal. “Obama jabs Russia, China on failure to extradite Snowden.”
Reuters
. June 27, 2013.
http://www.reuters.com/article/2013/06/27/us-usa-security-snowdenidUSBRE95Q0SW20130627
.

⁴⁰
   Cf. 5.36

⁴¹
   Elder, Miriam. “Snowden applies for political asylum in Russia – and 20 other countries.”
The Guardian
. July 1, 2013.
http://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/jul/01/putin-snowden-remainrussia-offer
.

⁴²
   The Guardian. “Ecuador’s Correa says Biden asked him to deny Edward Snowden asylum.”
The Guardian
. June 29, 2013.
http://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/jun/29/edward-snowden-bidencorrea-talks
.

⁴³
   Carroll, Rory. “Ecuador says it blundered over Snowden travel document.”
The Guardian
. July 2, 2013.
http://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/jul/02/ecuador-rafael-correa-snowden-mistake
.

⁴⁴
   Ningzhu, Zhu. “Brazil denies Snowden asylum.”
XinhuaNet
. July 10, 2013.
http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/world/2013-07/10/c_132526937.htm
.

⁴⁵
   Elder, Miriam. “Edward Snowden’s options dwindle after political asylum rejections.”
The Guardian
. July 2, 2013.
http://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/jul/02/edward-snowden-asylumrejections
.

⁴⁶
   CNN. “Tracking Snowden’s asylum options.”
CNN
. July 7, 2013.
http://www.cnn.com/2013/07/06/world/snowden-asylum-options
.

⁴⁷
   WikiLeaks. Organization’s Twitter account.
WikiLeaks
. July 5, 2013.
https://twitter.com/wikileaks/status/353183588700798977
.

⁴⁸
   Herszenhorn, David and Randal Archibold. “Russian Official Says Venezuela Is the ‘Best Solution’ for Snowden.”
The New York Times
. July 6, 2013.
http://www.nytimes.com/2013/07/07/world/europe/russianofficial-says-venezuela-is-the-best-solution-for-snowden.html?_r=0
.

⁴⁹
   Lam, Lana. “Snowden sought Booz Allen job to gather evidence on NSA surveillance.”
South China Morning Post
. June 24, 2013.
http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1268209/snowden-soughtbooz-allen-job-gather-evidence-nsa-surveillance?page=all
.

⁵⁰
   Pincus, Walter. “Questions for Snowden.”
The Washington Post
. July 8, 2013.
http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/questions-for-snowden/2013/07/08/d06ee0f8-e428-11e2-80eb3145e2994a55_story.html
.

⁵¹
   Carmon, Irin. “How we broke the NSA story.”
Salon
. June 10, 2013.
http://www.salon.com/2013/06/10/qa_with_laura_poitras_the_woman_behind_the_nsa_scoops/
.

⁵²
   Greenwald, Glenn. Letter from Glenn Greenwald to Walter Pincus.
Economic Policy Journal
. July 9, 2013.
http://www.economicpolicyjournal.com/2013/07/greenwald-goes-off-onwapos-walter.html
.

⁵³
   Hosenball, Mark. “Snowden downloaded NSA secrets while working for Dell, sources say.”
Reuters
. Aug. 15, 2013.
http://www.reuters.com/article/2013/08/15/usa-security-snowden-dell-idUSL2N0GF11220130815
.

⁵⁴
   Walsh, Justin. “Edward Snowden Complete Press Conference - Moscow Airport - July 12th 2013.”
YouTube
. July 12, 2013.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dukqMkTGEzU
.

⁵⁵
   AP, “Edward Snowden’s cautious approach to Post reporter Barton Gellman.”
Politico
. June 10, 2013.
http://www.politico.com/story/2013/06/edward-snowden-barton-gellman-washington-post-92490.html
.

⁵⁶
   Cf. 5.12

⁵⁷
   Lake, Eli. “Greenwald: Snowden’s Files Are Out There if ‘Anything Happens’ to Him.”
The Daily Beast
. June 25, 2013.
http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2013/06/25/greenwald-snowden-sfiles-are-out-there-if-anything-happens-to-him.html
.

⁵⁸
   Cf. 5.57

⁵⁹
   Barrett, Devlin and Te-Ping Chen. “Snowden on the Run.”
The Wall Street Journal
. June 24, 2013.
http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424127887323683504578562852310273818.html
.

⁶⁰
   Maass, Peter. “How Laura Poitras Helped Snowden Spill His Secrets.”
The New York Times
. Aug. 13, 2013.
https://www.nytimes.com/2013/08/18/magazine/laura-poitras-snowden.html?pagewanted=all
.

⁶¹
   RT. “UK spying on Germany’s major data cable to US triggers media storm.”
RT
. June 25, 2013.
http://rt.com/news/uk-germanywiretapping-criticism-201/
.

⁶²
   Goetz, Von, et al. “Briten schöpfen deutsches Internet ab.”
Sueddeutsche
. June 24, 2013.
http://www.sueddeutsche.de/politik/nachrichtendienstgchq-briten-schoepfen-deutsches-internet-ab-1.1704670
.

⁶³
   Cf. 5.61

⁶⁴
   Greenwald, Glenn and Spencer Ackerman. “How the NSA is still harvesting your online data.”
The Guardian
. June 27, 2013.
http://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/jun/27/nsa-online-metadatacollection
.

⁶⁵
   Greenwald, Glenn and Spencer Ackerman. “NSA collected US email records in bulk for more than two years under Obama.”
The Guardian
. June 27, 2013.
http://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/jun/27/nsadata-mining-authorised-obama
.

⁶⁶
   Poitras, Laura. “The Program.”
The New York Times
. Aug. 22, 2012.
http://www.nytimes.com/2012/08/23/opinion/the-national-securityagencys-domestic-spying-program.html
.

⁶⁷
   Sanchez, Julian. “What the Ashcroft ‘Hospital Showdown’ on NSA spying was all about.”
Ars Technica
. July 29, 2013.
http://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2013/07/what-the-ashcroft-hospitalshowdown-on-nsa-spying-was-all-about/
.

⁶⁸
   The Guardian. NSA inspector general report on email and internet data collection under Stellar Wind – full document.
The Guardian
. June 27, 2013.
http://www.theguardian.com/world/interactive/2013/jun/27/nsa-inspector-general-report-document-data-collection
.

⁶⁹
   The Guardian. Justice Department and NSA memos proposing broader powers for NSA to collect data.
The Guardian
. June 27, 2013.
http://www.theguardian.com/world/interactive/2013/jun/27/nsa-datacollection-justice-department
.

⁷⁰
   Cf. 5.69

⁷¹
   Gallagher, Sean. “You may already be a winner in NSA’s ‘three-degrees’ surveillance sweepstakes!.”
Ars Technica
. July 18, 2013.
http://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2013/07/you-may-already-bea-winner-in-nsas-three-degrees-surveillance-sweepstakes/
.

⁷²
   Nixon, Ron. “Postal Service Confirms Photographing All U.S. Mail.”
The New York Times
. Aug. 2, 2013.
http://www.nytimes.com/2013/08/03/us/postal-service-confirms-photographing-all-us-mail.html?_r=0
.

⁷³
   Gellman, Barton. “Is the FBI Up to the Job 10 Years After 9/11?”
Time
. May 12, 2011.
http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,2068082,00.html
.

⁷⁴
   Zetter, Kim. “New York Times’ NSA Whistleblower Reveals Himself.”
Wired
. Dec. 15, 2008.
http://www.wired.com/threatlevel/2008/12/nytimes-nsa-wh/
.

⁷⁵
   Cf. 5.60

⁷⁶
   Boadle, Anthony. “Glenn Greenwald: Snowden Gave Me 15-20,000 Classified Documents.”
The Huffington Post
. Aug. 6, 2013.
http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/08/07/glenn-greenwald-edwardsnowden-documents_n_3716424.html
.

⁷⁷
   Harress, Christopher. “U.S Army Blocks Guardian Articles On Snowden N.S.A Leak.”
International Business Times
. June 28, 2013.
http://www.ibtimes.com/us-army-blocks-guardian-articles-snowden-nsa-leak1327925
.

⁷⁸
   Poitras, Laura, et al. “Attacks from America: NSA Spied on European Union Offices.”
Der Spiegel
. June 29, 2013.
http://www.spiegel.de/international/europe/nsa-spied-on-european-union-offices-a908590.html
.

⁷⁹
   Poitras, Laura, et al. “Codename ‘Apalachee’: How America Spies on Europe and the UN.”
Der Spiegel
. Aug. 26, 2013.
http://www.spiegel.de/international/world/secret-nsa-documents-show-howthe-us-spies-on-europe-and-the-un-a-918625.html
.

⁸⁰
   MacAskill, Ewen and Julian Borger. “New NSA leaks show how US is bugging its European allies.”
The Guardian
. June 30, 2013.
http://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/jun/30/nsa-leaks-us-buggingeuropean-allies
.

⁸¹
   Poitras, Laura, et al. “Partner and Target: NSA Snoops on 500 Million German Data Connections.”
Der Spiegel
. June 30, 2013.
http://www.spiegel.de/international/germany/nsa-spies-on-500-milliongerman-data-connections-a-908648.html
.

⁸²
   Traynor, Ian, et al. “Key US-EU trade pact under threat after more NSA spying allegations.”
The Guardian
. June 30, 2013.
http://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/jun/30/nsa-spying-europe-claimsus-eu-trade
.

⁸³
   The Guardian. “G20 surveillance: why was Turkey targeted?”
The Guardian
. June 16, 2013.
http://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/jun/16/g20-surveillance-turkey-targeted-gchq
.

⁸⁴
   Freedman, Richard. “Schulz on alleged bugging of EU office by the US authorities.”
ABC
. June 29, 2013.
http://abclocal.go.com/kgo/story?section=news/national_world&id=9157195
.

⁸⁵
   Traynor, Ian. “Berlin accuses Washington of cold war tactics over snooping.”
The Guardian
. June 30, 2013.
http://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/jun/30/berlin-washington-coldwar
.

⁸⁶
   Tschampa, Dorothee. “Europe ‘Shocked’ by Spiegel Report of NSA Wiretappings.”
Bloomberg
. June 30, 2013.
http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2013-06-30/europe-shocked-by-spiegel-report-of-nsawiretappings.html
.

⁸⁷
   Lucas, Fred. “Obama on European Spying: ‘That’s How Intelligence Services Operate.’”
CNS News
. July 1, 2013.
http://cnsnews.com/news/article/obama-european-spying-s-how-intelligence-services-operate
.

⁸⁸
   Wittrock, Phillip. “NSA Spying in Germany: How Much Did the Chancellor Know?”
Der Spiegel
. July 3, 2013.
http://www.spiegel.de/international/germany/how-much-did-merkel-know-about-nsa-spyingin-germany-a-909174.html
.

⁸⁹
   Snowden, Edward. “Statement from Edward Snowden in Moscow.”
WikiLeaks
. July 1, 2013.
http://wikileaks.org/Statement-from-EdwardSnowden-in.html?snow
.

⁹⁰
   The United Nations. “Universal Declaration of Human Rights.”
The United Nations
. Dec. 16, 2013.
http://www.un.org/en/documents/udhr/index.shtml#a14
.

⁹¹
   Elder, Miriam. “Edward Snowden withdraws Russian asylum request.”
The Guardian
. July 2, 2013.
http://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/jul/02/edward-snowden-nsa-withdraws-asylum-russia-putin
.

⁹²
   Roberts, Dan. “Edward Snowden given possible lifeline as Bolivia hints it would grant asylum.”
The Guardian
. July 2, 2013.
http://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/jul/02/edward-snowden-bolivialifeline-asylum
.

⁹³
   Emol. “Evo Morales se abre a ceder asilo a Edward Snowden si lo solicita.”
Emol
. July 1, 2013.
http://www.emol.com/noticias/internacional/2013/07/01/606824/evo-morales-se-abre-a-ceder-asilo-aedward-snowden-si-lo-solicita.html
.

⁹⁴
   Fisher, Max. “Audio purportedly from inside the cockpit of Bolivian President Evo Morales’s flight.”
The Washington Post
. July 3, 2013.
http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/worldviews/wp/2013/07/03/audiopurportedly-from-inside-the-cockpit-of-bolivian-president-evo-moralessflight/
.

⁹⁵
   Shoichet, Catherine. “Bolivia: Presidential plane forced to land after false rumors of Snowden onboard.”
CNN
. July 3, 2013.
http://edition.cnn.com/2013/07/02/world/americas/bolivia-presidential-plane
.

⁹⁶
   Laughland, Oliver. “US admits contact with other countries over potential Snowden flights – as it happened.”
The Guardian
. July 3, 2013.
http://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/jul/03/edward-snowden-asylum-live
.

⁹⁷
   Taylor, Michael. World Aircraft & Systems Directory. 2
^nd
ed. Sterling: Brassey’s, 1999.

⁹⁸
   RT. “‘Free from imperial persecution’: Three Latin American countries offer shelter to Edward Snowden.”
RT
. July 6, 2013.
http://rt.com/news/maduro-snowden-asylum-venezuela-723/
.

⁹⁹
   AP. “European states were told Snowden was on Morales plane, says Spain.”
The Guardian
. July 5, 2013.
http://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/jul/05/european-states-snowden-morales-plane-nsa
.

¹⁰⁰
BBC News Latin America & Caribbean. “Snowden case: France apologises in Bolivia plane row.”
BBC
. July 3, 2013.
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-23174874
.