Ross & Wilson Anatomy and Physiology in Health and Illness (218 page)

ascending,
94
,
94
f

baroreceptors,
88

coarctation of,
124
,
125

descending thoracic,
99
,
100
f

elasticity,
84
f
,
87

main branches,
92
f
,
94
f
,
106
f

stricture of,
125

thoracic,
94–95
,
94
f

Aortic bodies,
89–90

Aortic valve,
81–82
,
82
f
,
84
,
84
f

Aphthous stomatitis,
311

Aplastic anaemia,
67

Apneustic centre,
153
,
252

Aponeurosis,
410

Appendicitis,
171–172
,
316–317

Appendicular skeleton,
43
f
,
45
,
386
,
387
f
,
396–401

Appendix, vermiform,
297–298
,
297
f

abscess,
317
,
317f

Aqueous fluid,
191
,
192

Arachidonic acid,
269

Arachnoid mater,
146
,
146
f

spinal nerves,
160
,
160
f

Arachnoid villi,
147

Arcuate tracts,
148

Areola,
447

Areolar tissue,
36
,
36
f

Arm
See
Upper limb

Arrector pili,
171
,
355
f
,
356

Arrhythmias
See
Cardiac arrhythmias

Arterial blood gases,
465

Arteries,
8
,
74–75
,
75
f
,
106
f

anastomoses,
75

arteriosclerotic,
115
,
115f

control of diameter,
76–77

elastic,
75

elasticity of walls,
86
,
87

emboli originating in,
113

end,
75

of limbs,
92
f
,
98–99
,
102–105

narrowing of,
114

occlusion of,
114–115
see also specific arteries

Arterioles,
74–75

control of diameter,
76

peripheral resistance and,
87

Arteriosclerosis,
115
,
115f
,
124

renal,
345

senile,
115

Arthritis,
422–423

infective (septic),
423

psoriatic,
423

rheumatoid (RA),
374–375
,
422–423
,
423t

Articulating surface,
385
t

Articulation,
385
t

Arytenoid cartilages,
238
,
238
f
,
239
f

Asbestos,
49
,
259
,
262

Asbestos bodies,
259

Asbestosis,
259

Ascites,
118–119
,
120
,
326

Ascorbic acid (vitamin C),
272
,
384

Aspiration pneumonia,
261

Association areas,
150
,
152

Association tracts,
148

Asthma,
256–257
,
257f

atopic (extrinsic),
257

non-atopic (intrinsic),
257

Astigmatism,
206

Astrocytes,
143–144
,
144
f

response to injury,
145

Astrocytomas,
183

Asystole,
122

Atelectasis,
262–263

Atheroma,
113–115
,
120–121

Atheromatous plaques,
113–114
,
114f
,
120–121

Atherosclerosis,
114
,
114b

Athlete's foot (tinea pedis),
362

Atlas,
44
,
392–393
,
392
f

Atmospheric pressure,
250

Atomic number,
18–19

Atomic weight (mass),
18–19

Atoms,
4
,
18–22
,
18
f

Atopic dermatitis,
362

Atopic hypersensitivity,
254–255
,
257

ATP (adenosine triphosphate),
24
,
24
f

production,
29
,
307–308

Atria (of heart),
81–82

Atrial fibrillation,
122–123

Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP),
90

functions,
336
,
337
,
338

regulation of secretion,
336
,
336
f

Atrial septal defect,
123–124
,
124f

Atrioventricular (AV) bundle (of His),
83

Atrioventricular (AV) node,
83

Atrioventricular valves,
80
,
81
,
81
f
,
84

Auditory area (cortex),
150
f
,
151–152

Auditory canal, external,
186–187
,
186
f
,
388
,
388
f

Auditory nerve
See
Vestibulocochlear nerve

Auditory receptors,
188

Auditory tube,
186
f
,
187
,
236
,
237

Auerbach's (myenteric) plexus,
281

Auricle (pinna),
186
,
186
f

Autoimmune diseases,
372
,
374–376

adrenocortical insufficiency,
226

chronic gastritis,
315

haemolytic anaemia,
69
,
375

joints,
422
,
423

thrombocytopenic purpura,
71

thymus gland enlargement,
136

thyroiditis,
223

Automaticity,
409

Autonomic ganglia,
167

Autonomic nervous system,
138
,
167–171

afferents,
142
,
171–172

alimentary tract,
281–283
,
282
f

cardiovascular control,
76
,
86
,
88
,
88
t

functions,
169–170

motor (efferent) nerves,
142
,
167

neurotransmitters,
143
f

synapses,
142
See also
Parasympathetic nervous system
See also
Sympathetic nervous system

Autonomic reflexes,
158
,
169–170

Autoregulation,
77
,
88

cerebral blood flow,
148

renal blood flow,
334–335

Autorhythmicity,
83

Autosomal inheritance,
433–434
,
434
f

Autosomes,
428
,
429
f

Axial skeleton,
43–45
,
43
f
,
385–396
,
387
f