Rise of the Robots: Technology and the Threat of a Jobless Future (57 page)

S-curves,
66–67
,
68
,
69
,
70–71
,
250

secular stagnation,
274n

self-driving cars,
See
autonomous cars

Selingo, Jeffrey J.,
140
,
141

Semiconductor Industry Association,
80

service sector,
12–20

The Shallows
(Carr),
254

Shang-Jin Wei,
225

Silvercar,
20

Simonyi, Charles,
71

single-payer health care system,
165–167
,
169

The Singularity,
233–238
,
248

The Singularity Is Near
(Kurzweil),
234

Singularity University,
234

Siu, Henry E.,
49
,
50

skill biased technological change (SBTC),
48

skills, acquisition of by computers,
xv–xvi

Skipper, John,
201

“Skynet,”
22

Slate
(magazine),
153

Smalley, Richard,
244–245

Smith, Adam,
73

Smith, Noah,
219–220
,
273

Smith, Will,
111

social media response program,
93–94

social safety net,
278
.
See also
basic income guarantee

Social Security disability program,
43
,
262

Social Security income,
222

solar power,
282

Solow, Robert,
65
,
203

Sony Corporation,
4

Soviet Union,
161n

Spain,
221

Sprague, Shawn,
281

Spread Networks,
114

stagflation,
33

stagnant wages,
34–38

Stanek, Roman,
107

Stanford University,
6
,
70n
,
182

MOOCs and,
132
,
133
,
135–136
,
142

Staples,
17

Star Trek
(television program),
246
,
247

“StatsMonkey” software,
84

Stiglitz, Joseph,
203

student identification, online courses and,
136
,
137

student loans,
124
,
126
,
140
,
196
,
214
,
217
,
251

Suitable Technologies, Inc.,
8

Summers, Larry,
274n

Sun Microsystems,
243

Super Crunchers
(Ayres),
125

super-intelligence,
236
,
236n

Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program,
201–202

surgical robots,
154–155

Stuxnet worm,
22

Switzerland,
268

SyNAPSE,
72
,
80n

Taibbi, Matt,
56

Target, Inc.,
88
,
159

taxes,
271–273
,
275
,
277–278

Taylor, John B.,
37

Teamsters Union,
17

techno-feudalism,
204n
,
266

technological change/progress

economic growth and,
65

productivity and,
33

S-curves of,
66–67
,
68

skill biased,
48

welfare of American workforce and,
x

technology

disruptive,
xviii
,
66

golden era of,
51

graying workforce and,
220–223

historical narrative of modern,
51–58

investment in labor-saving,
227–228

manufacturing jobs and,
55

relationship between employment and,
175–176

unskilled worker wages and,
208–209

Tegmark, Max,
229
,
237

telepresence robots,
119–120
,
157

Terminator
movies,
22
,
157n

Tesla,
3

textile industry, US,
8–9

Thatcher, Margaret,
258

“There’s Plenty of Room at the Bottom” (Feynman),
241

Thiel, Peter,
64
,
236

thinking machine,
229–233
.
See also
Artificial General Intelligence (AGI)

3D printing,
176
,
177–181

three-dimensional chips,
70
,
70n

Thrun, Sebastian,
132
,
133
,
134
,
135
,
139
,
182
,
256

Time
(magazine),
111
,
160
,
191
,
235

Tokyo University entrance exam, creating artificial intelligence system to pass,
127–128

Toys “R” Us,
17

tragedy of the commons problem,
265

Transcend: Nine Steps to Living Well Forever
(Kurzweil & Grossmann),
235

Transits—Into an Abyss
(Iamus),
111

translation tools,
89–90
,
120–121
,
130

Triple Revolution report,
30–31
,
250

trucks, automated,
190–191

Tunisia,
46

Turing, Alan,
80
,
230

TurtleBot,
7

“21st Century Nanotechnology Research and Development Act,”
242

Twitter,
114

2001: A Space Odyssey
(film),
157n

Uber,
191
,
209n

Udacity,
133
,
134–135
,
142

underemployment,
xvi
,
49
,
126

unemployment

consumer behavior and,
211

education/job retraining and,
249–250

environmental effects of fear of,
283–284

long-term,
ix
,
xvi
,
45–46
,
211
,
280

machines and,
ix–x

rates of,
33
,
41
,
44–45
,
172
,
211–212
,
249
,
250
,
276

youth,
221

unions, decline in power of,
57–58

United Auto Workers,
193

United States

college graduates overqualified for occupations in,
251

consumer spending in,
54

economic stagnation in,
65

elder care in,
155

health care as precent of economy,
146

immigration policy and automated agriculture in,
26

income inequality in,
46–48

job-market polarization in,
49–51

taxpayer funding of basic information technology research in,
80–81

textile industry,
8–9

universal health coverage,
279

universal translator, offshoring and,
121

University of Akron,
141

University of Alabama,
141

University of California system,
140

University of California, Berkeley, Labor Center
14

University of Michigan, MOOCs and,
133
,
137

University of Missouri,
141

University of Pennsylvania, MOOCs and,
133–134

University of Wisconsin,
138
,
142

Urban Institute,
46

Urmson, Chris,
183–184

U-Systems, Inc.,
152

value-added tax (VAT),
272–273

Vardakostas, Alexandros,
12–13

VAT.
See
value-added tax (VAT)