One Nation Under God: How Corporate America Invented Christian America (60 page)

17
.
LAT
, 30 June 1989;
CT
, 9 July 1989.

18
.
LAT
, 4 July 1989;
NYT
, 3 July 1989;
WSJ,
5 July 1989;
CT
, 22 October 1989.

19
. Williams,
God's Own Party,
231–232;
NYT
, 18 August 1992;
WP,
18 August 1992;
NYT
, 1 February 2007.

20
. Garry Wills,
Under God: Religion and American Politics
(New York: Simon and Schuster, 1990), 60;
WP,
29 June, 12, 17, 18 July 1992.

21
.
WP
, 24 August 1992;
NYT
, 24, 30 August 1992; Domke and Coe,
God Strategy,
133–134.

22
.
WP
, 4 February 1994, 7, 12, 17 February 1997;
NYT
, 3 February 1995, 7 February 1997; 6 February 1998;
Philadelphia Tribune,
14 February 1997.

23
.
NYT,
15 December 1999; David Frum,
The Right Man: An Inside Account of the Bush White House,
2nd ed. (New York: Random House, 2005), 5–6; Lou Cannon and Carl M. Cannon,
Reagan's Disciple: George W. Bush's Troubled Quest for a Presidential Legacy
(New York: Public Affairs, 2008), 81.

24
.
NYT,
21 January, 4 February 2001;
Philadelphia Tribune,
2 February 2001; Kevin M. Kruse, “Compassionate Conservatism: Religion in the Age of George W. Bush,” in
The Presidency of George W. Bush: A First Historical Assessment,
ed. Julian E. Zelizer (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2010), 227–251.

25
.
NYT
, 12, 18 September 2001.

26
.
NYT
, 27 June 2002.

27
.
NYT,
22 March 2004; brief for the Christian Legal Society et al., as amici curiae,
Elk Grove Unified School District v. Michael A. Newdow
(
www.clsnet.org/document.doc?id=256
).

28
. Esther Kaplan,
With God on Their Side
(New York: New Press, 2004), 156–161;
NYT,
31 October 2004;
LAT,
12 August 2004; Amy Sullivan,
The Party Faithful
(New York: Scribner 2008), 116–117.

29
.
WP
, 27 July 2004

30
.
Jerusalem Post,
16 March 2008;
NYT,
15, 19 March, 1 May 2008;
Irish Times,
25 March 2008.

31
.
NYT,
7 October, 8 November, 7 December 2007;
Jerusalem Post,
17 December 2007.

32
.
NYT
, 6, 7 December 2007.

INDEX

Abington School District v. Schempp
,
192–195
,
198–199

Advertising Council,
131–138

Advertising industry,
130–138

Agnew, Spiro (vice president),
248
,
253
,
265
,
271

Alplanalp, Bob (executive),
264

Allen, Ray (Concerned Christians for Reagan),
281

Allen-Bradley Company,
150

“America on Its Knees” (painting),
77

American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU),
xv–xvi
,
84
,
99
,
107
,
121–122
,
148

     
Madalyn Murray and,
194

     
“One Nation Under God” banners,
240

     
prayer amendment and,
213
,
215

     
Ronald Reagan and,
279

     
school mandatory Bible reading and,
192
,
194

     
school prayer and,
172
,
174–175

American Council of Christian Churches,
190
,
232

American Cyanamid and Chemical Corporation,
18

“American Economic System” ad campaign,
131

American Jewish Committee,
84
,
168
,
213

American Jewish Congress,
83–84
,
147

American Legion

     
“Back to God” movement,
73–75
,
110

     
“In God We Trust” motto support,
116

     
“One Nation Under God” banners,
240–241

     
Pledge of Allegiance change,
104

     
prayer amendment support,
210–211

     
promotion of public religion,
207

American Liberty League,
4
,
7
,
16

“American way of life,”
105–106

Americans for Democratic Action (ADA),
103
,
108
,
113

Anderson, John B. (representative),
217

Anderson, Robert (secretary of the treasury),
84
,
120

Andrews, George (representative),
184

Anti-ballistic-missile treaty,
253–254

Anti-Defamation League,
214

Antiwar protests,
241
,
257–259
,
266–271

Associated Refineries,
84

AT&T,
254

Atheists/atheism,
106–107
,
149
,
194
,
197
,
209–210
,
217
,
221
,
223
,
240
,
266
,
268
,
289

“Back to God” movement,
73–75
,
110

Baker, George (lawyer),
196

Baptist Joint Committee on Public Affairs (BJC),
213
,
226
,
228
,
234

Barkley, Alben (vice president),
54
,
102

Bates, Carl (SBC president),
252

Bayh, Birch (senator),
231
,
233–234
,
236

Bechtel Corporation,
254

Becker, Frank (representative),
207–211
,
213
,
216–217

Becker Amendment,
208
,
211
,
213
,
218
,
220–224
,
226–227
,
229

     
See also
Prayer amendment

Belding, Don (advertising executive),
69–70
,
141

Bellah, Robert (sociologist),
68

Bellamy, Francis (minister),
100–102

Bennett, Charles E. (representative),
116–124

Benson, Ezra Taft (secretary of agriculture),
81–82
,
83
,
85

Benson, George S. (college president),
26

Bernardin, Joseph (Catholic archbishop),
252

Bible

     
Gideon version,
165–169

     
King James Version,
190

     
Reader's Digest
version,
138–139

     
readings in public schools,
190–201
,
205

     
Revised Standard Version,
139

     
Standard American Version,
191

Billy Graham Evangelical Association,
38
,
263

Black, Hugo (justice),
179–182
,
185–186
,
188
,
195–196

Blake, Eugene Carson (minister),
219

Block, Herb (political cartoonist),
187

Bobst, Elmer (executive),
264

Boone, Pat (singer),
154–155
,
267
,
280
,
285

Bowron, Fletcher (mayor),
34
,
141

Boy Scouts of America,
23
,
71
,
270–271

Brennan, Peter (union leader),
259
,
265

Brennan, William J., Jr. (justice),
196
,
199

Brock, Bill (representative),
253
,
261

Brown v. Board of Education
,
95

Brownell, Herbert (attorney general),
67
,
85

Buchanan, Pat (politician),
285
,
290

Buchwald, Art (columnist),
266

Buckley, William F., Jr. (commentator),
148
,
161

Bunyan, John (author),
180

Burch, Francis B. (Baltimore city solicitor),
195
,
211
,
222–223
,
227–229

Burnham, James (political theorist),
161

Burns, Arthur (Federal Reserve chairman),
255

Burns, James MacGregor (historian),
5

Burton, Harold (senator),
44–46
,
79

Burton, Shrum (minister),
201

Bush, George H. W. (president),
275
,
281–282
,
284
,
286

Bush, George W. (president),
287–290

Butler, William (attorney),
174–177

Byrnes, James (justice),
49

Callahan, Daniel (theologian),
256–257

Campbell, Will (minister),
243

Cannon, Lou (journalist),
279

“Capital Crusade Day,”
88

Capitalism, Christianity linked to,
7–8
,
10
,
37
,
86
,
293

Carlson, Emanuel (BJC director),
220
,
226
,
234

Carlson, Frank (senator),
59–60
,
75–76
,
78
,
91
,
248

Carroll, Donald (Florida American Legion commander),
116–118

Carter, Jimmy (president),
277
,
279

Case, Clifford (senator),
116

Caterpillar Tractor Company,
264

Celler, Emanuel (representative),
122
,
208–209
,
212–213
,
215–217
,
220–224

Ceremonial deism,
99–100
,
113
,
124
,
169
,
176
,
182
,
293

Chandler, Porter (lawyer),
178

Chapin, Dwight (Nixon assistant),
254
,
263
,
265

Chase, Salmon (secretary of the treasury),
112

Chevrolet,
46

Chicago & Southern Airline,
37

Childs, Marquis (journalist),
63–64

“Christ for Greater Los Angeles” campaign,
36

Christian Action,
62

Christian amendment proposal,
95–98
,
100

Christian Anti-Communism Crusade (CACC),
149
,
151
,
154
,
156
,
158–161

Christian Coalition,
285

Christian Crusade,
204

Christian Leadership breakfast groups,
41–45
,
47–48

Christian libertarianism,
xiv–xv
,
7–8
,
31
,
36–39
,
72
,
103
,
109
,
140
,
149
,
273

     
Dwight D. Eisenhower election and,
293

     
Fred Schwarz welcomed by,
149

     
Freedoms Foundation and,
69

     
Pledge of Allegiance,
104

     
“Religion in American Life” (RIAL) campaign and,
132

Christian Nationalist Crusade,
204

Christianity, capitalism linked to,
7–8
,
10
,
37
,
86
,
293