One Nation Under God: How Corporate America Invented Christian America (59 page)

12
.
NYT
, 18 and 21 January 1969. The West Auditorium has since been renamed the Dean Acheson Auditorium.

13
. Henderson,
Nixon Theology,
5;
NYT
, 21 January 1969; Aikman,
Billy Graham,
211;
Newsday,
24 January 1969; Gibbs and Duffy,
The Preacher and the Presidents,
174; text of Billy Graham's inaugural prayer, Billy Graham Evangelical Association (
http://www2.wheaton.edu/bgc/archives/inaugural05.htm
).

14
.
CT
, 20 January 1969;
WP,
20 January 1969.

15
. Henderson,
Nixon Theology,
5–6;
CT
, 21 January 1969;
NYT
, 21 January 1969.

16
.
CT
, 20 January 1969;
Newsday,
20 January 1969;
NYT
, 21 January 1969.

17
. Henderson,
Nixon Theology,
19;
BS,
31 January 1969;
WP,
31 January 1969; H. R. Haldeman,
The Haldeman Diaries: Inside the Nixon White House
(New York: Putnam, 1994), 24.

18
.
WP,
31 January 1969; Frady,
Billy Graham,
455.

19
. Gibbs and Duffy,
The Preacher and the Presidents,
175;
WP,
27 January 1969.

20
. Martin,
Prophet with Honor,
357;
WP,
27 January 1969;
BS,
27 January 1969;
CT
, 27 January 1969;
Newsday,
27 August 1969; Haldeman,
Haldeman Diaries,
22.

21
. Gibbs and Duffy,
The Preacher and the Presidents,
175;
NYT
, 28 April 1969.

22
. Martin,
With God on Our Side,
98–99; Gibbs and Duffy,
The Preacher and the Presidents,
175;
WP,
27 January 1969; Ollie Atkins to Ron Ziegler, 17 September 1969, Box 7, RM-RMN; Larry Higby to Haldeman, 30 June 1969, Box 7, RM-RMN.

23
. Haldeman to Bud Wilkinson, 1 July 1969, Box 7, RM-RMN; Nixon to Haldeman, 30 June 1969, Box 7, RM-RMN; Nixon to Ehrlichman, 16 June 1969, Box 7, RM-RMN; Haldeman to Dwight Chapin, 21 May 1969, Box 7, RM-RMN.

24
. Martin,
Prophet with Honor,
356; Frady,
Billy Graham,
452; Charles B. Wilkinson to Billy Graham, 24 January 1969, Box 6, RM-RMN; memorandum, “Check List for Sunday Services,” n.d. [1969], Box 7, RM-RMN.

25
. Martin,
Prophet with Honor,
358; Henderson,
Nixon Theology,
29–30;
WP,
2 and 3 February 1969, 30 June 1969; Jim Atwater to Ken Cole, 26 June 1969, Box 7, RM-RMN.

26
. Martin,
Prophet with Honor,
357–358; Harry Dent to Lucy Winchester, 29 April 1970, Box 12, RM-RMN; Gibbs and Duffy,
The Preacher and the Presidents,
176–177; Constance Stuart to George Bell, 23 July 1970, Box 12, RM-RMN.

27
.
LAT
, 29 September 1969;
BS,
29 September 1969; Charles B. Wilkinson to Haldeman, 1 July 1969, Box 7, RM-RMN; Jim Atwater to Ken Cole, 25 September 1969, Box 7, RM-RMN;
WP,
4 February 1970;
WSJ,
2 April 1970;
NYT
, 8 August 1971; Dwight Chapin to Lucy Winchester, 9 July 1970, Box 12, RM-RMN.

28
. Dwight L. Chapin to Bryce Harlow and Rose Mary Woods, 20 July 1969, Box 7, RM-RMN; Bill Timmons to Bryce Harlow, 28 June 1969, Box 7, RM- RMN; NYT, 8 August 1971; White House Church Services Permanent Invitation List, n.d. [1969], Box 12, RM-RMN.

29
. Bud Wilkinson to Rose Mary Woods and Lucy Winchester, 2 June 1969, Box 7, RM-RMN; Dwight Chapin to Rose Mary Woods, 7 July 1969, Box 7, RM-RMN;
CT
, 27 January 1969;
WP,
3 February, 17 March 1969;
LAT,
29 September 1969; Martin,
Prophet with Honor,
356–357.

30
. Perlstein,
Nixonland,
358;
WP,
17 March 1969;
CT
, 17 March 1969.

31
.
CT
, 16 March 1970;
WP,
16 March 1970.

32
. Nixon to Herb Klein, 16 June 1969, Box 7, RM-RMN; “First Priority List for Church Services,” n.d. [June 1969], Box 7, RM-RMN;
WP,
17 March, 1 July 1969.

33
. Reinhold Niebuhr, “The King's Chapel and the King's Court,”
Christianity and Crisis,
4 August 1969;
NYT
, 7 August 1969;
BS,
7 August 1969.

34
.
NYT
, 10 August 1969.

35
.
Newsday,
27 August 1969;
NYT
, 8 August 1971;
WSJ,
2 April 1970; Garry Wills,
Nixon Agonistes: The Crisis of the Self-Made Man
(New York: Houghton Mifflin, 2002), 183.

36
. James Patterson,
Grand Expectations: The United States, 1945–1974
(New York: Oxford University Press, 1996), 753–755; Young,
Vietnam Wars,
248; Perlstein,
Nixonland,
496.

37
.
LAT
, 10 May 1970;
NYT
, 11 May 1970;
WP,
11 May 1970; Perlstein,
Nixonland,
497; Wicker,
One of Us,
634.

38
. Guest list, “Worship Service, Sunday, May 10, 1970,” Box 12, RM-RMN; Dwight Chapin to Connie Stuart and Lucy Winchester, 28 April 1970, Box 12, RM-RMN; Haldeman to Constance Stuart, 29 April 1970, Box 12, RM-RMN;
WP,
11 May 1970; Statement of Faculty and Students, Calvin Theological Seminary, n.d. [May 1970], copy in Box 12, RM-RMN; Martha Doss to Noble Mellencamp, 11 May 1970, Box 12, RM-RMN.

39
. As another token of his appreciation, Nixon appointed Brennan as secretary of labor in his second term. Perlstein,
Nixonland,
488–499; Jonathan Schell,
Time of Illusion
(New York: Vintage, 1975), 101–102.

40
. Memorandum, Richard Nixon to Bob Haldeman, 25 May 1970, reprinted in Bruce Oudes, ed.,
From the President: Richard Nixon's Secret Files
(New York: Harper and Row, 1988), 139–140; Haldeman,
Haldeman Diaries,
165, 168.

41
. Frady,
Graham,
452;
CT
, 29 May 1970; Garry Wills, “How Nixon Used the Media, Billy Graham, and the Good Lord to Rap with Students at Tennessee U,”
Esquire,
September 1969, 119;
Newsday,
29 May 1970.

42
. Perlstein,
Nixonland,
500–501;
CT
, 29 May 1970; Wills, “How Nixon Used the Media,” 122; Martin,
Prophet with Honor,
369.

43
.
Newsday,
29 May 1970;
WP,
29 May 1970; Perlstein,
Nixonland,
501–502;
CT,
29 May 1970.

44
. Perlstein,
Nixonland,
501–503;
Newsday,
29 May 1970.

45
.
BG,
29 May 1970; Perlstein,
Nixonland,
502; Wills, “How Nixon Used the Media,” 122; Henderson,
Nixon Theology,
42.

46
. Frady,
Graham,
453; Martin,
Prophet with Honor,
369–370; Perlstein,
Nixonland,
503; Gibbs and Duffy,
The Preacher and the Presidents,
187.

47
.
WP,
5 June 1970;
BS,
19 June 1970;
NYT
, 24 June 1970.

48
. Gibbs and Duffy,
The Preacher and the Presidents,
188;
WP,
28 June 1970;
BS,
28 June 1970.

49
.
WP,
5 June 1970; handwritten memorandum, “Contributing Corporations,” n.d. [June 1970], JWM; memorandum, Larry Higby to H. R. Haldeman, 19 June 1970, reprinted in Oudes, ed.,
From the President,
142; memorandum, “Contributors—Corporations,” n.d. [June 1970], Box 173, JWM.

50
. Gibbs and Duffy,
The Preacher and the Presidents,
188; transcript, exit interview with Ronald H. Walker, conducted by Susan Yowell, 29 December 1972, Richard M. Nixon Presidential Library (
www.nixonlibrary.gov/virtuallibrary/documents/exitinterviews/walker.php
; accessed 20 November 2013);
NYT
, 4 July 1970.

51
.
WSJ,
3 July 1970;
BG, 2,
12, 16, 26, 27, 28 April, 14 June 1970;
BS, 27
April 1970; program, Honor America Day, 4 July 1970, Box 178, JWM.

52
.
LAT
, 30 June 1970.

53
.
NYT
, 3, 4 July 1970; Gibbs and Duffy,
The Preacher and the Presidents,
188;
WP,
3 July 1970.

54
.
Newsday,
3 July 1970;
BS,
5 July 1970;
Time,
13 July 1970;
WP,
5 July 1970.

55
.
WP
, 5 July 1970; program, Honor America Day, 4 July 1970, Box 178, JWM.

56
. Billy Graham, “The Unfinished Dream,” speech transcript, 4 July 1970, Box 222, BGCA.

57
. Ibid.

58
.
Newsday,
6 July 1970; Arthur White, telex report, “Honor America Day—Take 7,” 4 July 1970, Box 16, AW;
WP,
5 July 1970.

59
. Arthur White, telex report, “Honor America Day—Saturday Updating—Take V,” 4 July 1970, Box 16, AW;
Newsday,
3 July 1970; schedule, “Honor America Day,” n.d. [July 1970], Box 178, JWM.

60
.
Newsday,
3 and 6 July 1970;
BS,
5 July 1970;
BG,
5 July 1970; Arthur White, telex report, “Honor America Day—Saturday Updating—Take Six,” 4 July 1970, Box 16, AW.

61
. Arthur White, telex report, “Honor America Day—Saturday Updating—Take V,” 4 July 1970, Box 16, AW;
Newsday,
6 July 1970; Arthur White, telex report, “Honor America Day—Saturday Updating—Take Six,” 4 July 1970, Box 16, AW.

62
. Audio recording, “Proudly They Came to Honor America,” 1970, copy in author's possession;
CT,
5 July 1970.

63
.
Newsday,
6 July 1970.

64
.
WP
, 6 and 7 July 1970;
LAT
, 6 July 1970; Kenneth Shaw to “Dear Member,” n.d. [1970], Box 177, JWM; Capitol Record Club, “Reservation Certificate,” n.d. [1970], Box 177, JWM; “Proudly They Came . . . ,” advertisement,
Nation's Business,
July 1971, copy in Box 179, JWM.

65
.
Newsday,
7 July 1970;
BG,
6 July 1970;
WP,
5 July 1970.

EPILOGUE

1
.
LAT
, 18 July 1980;
CSM,
16 July 1980;
WSJ,
18 July 1980.

2
.
BG,
18 July 1980;
BS,
18 July 1980;
NYT
, 27 May 1980.

3
.
WP
, 16, 18 July 1980; “Reagan's ‘Crusade' Begins,”
Newsweek,
28 July 1980.

4
. David Domke and Kevin Coe,
The God Strategy: How Religion Became a Political Weapon in America
(New York: Oxford University Press, 2010), 48, 61–64.

5
.
Newsweek,
25 October 1976; Michael Lienesch,
Redeeming America: Piety and Politics in the New Christian Right
(Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1993), 1–2;
Newsday,
12 October 1980.

6
. Williams,
God's Own Party,
187; Martin,
With God on Our Side,
220.

7
.
CT
, 21 January 1981, 4 February 1983;
LAT
, 27 February 1982;
Newsday,
14 February 1984;
WP
, 5 February 1982;
CSM,
4 February 1983.

8
.
WP,
20 December 1981, 19 September 1982;
CT,
8 February 1981.

9
.
NYT,
3 February 1984;
WP,
5 February 1984;
Newsday,
14 February 1984.

10
.
LAT,
21 July 1984; David R. Shepherd, ed.,
Ronald Reagan: In God I Trust
(Wheaton, IL: Tyndale House, 1984);
NYT
, 28 September 1984.

11
.
LAT
, 23 August 1984;
NYT
, 24 August 1984;
BS,
9 September 1984.

12
.
Newsday,
23, 27 August 1984;
LAT
, 29 December 1984.

13
. Gibbs and Duffy,
The Preacher and the Presidents,
285–298;
NYT,
24 April 1986;
WP
, 28 April 1986;
LAT
, 6 March 1988.

14
.
CT
, 18 July 1988;
NYT
, 19 August 1988.

15
.
WP
, 24 August, 10 September 1988;
NYT
, 26 August, 10 September 1988; Sidney Blumenthal,
Pledging Allegiance: The Last Campaign of the Cold War
(New York: HarperCollins, 1990);
BS,
21 September 1988;
LAT
, 9, 13, 22 September 1988.

16
. Blumenthal,
Pledging Allegiance,
308;
CSM,
21 September 1988;
LAT,
11 September 1988.