On Monsters: An Unnatural History of Our Worst Fears (67 page)

and criminal minds,
212

on horror and vulnerability,
188
–194

and Id,
209
,
212
–215,
217
,
218

and Leopold and Loeb,
207

pessimism of,
187
,
209

on projection,
57
,
198

and psychological pathology,
209
–210

on repression,
116
,
189
–190,
192
,
195
–196,
197

on sexuality,
215

on technology,
257

Friedman, John Block,
83

Fritzl, Josef,
204
–205

fruit fly mutations,
170
–171,
171
,
172

Fukuyama, Francis,
273
–274

Gacy, John Wayne,
195
,
219
,
219
–220,
225
,
280

Gaiman, Neil,
185

Galilei, Galileo,
148
–149

Galvani, Luigi,
152
,
173

Galynker, Igor,
223

gangster personalities,
53

Gardner, Erle Stanley,
205
,
208
,
218
,
245

Gay, Peter,
217

Gein, Ed,
195

genders

and ancient theories of animal origins,
46

androgyny,
42

and demonization,
118
,
118
–119

hermaphrodites,
39
–42,
41
,
57
,
76
,
77

transgendered people,
270
–271

genealogy of monsters,
84
–86

gene expression,
176
–177,
225

generational cycles,
234

Generation of Animals
(Aristotle),
48

Genesis,
72
,
74

genetic engineering,
262
,
271
–273

genetics,
170
,
225

Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, Etienne

on common body plans,
157
–159,
164

and embryology,
153

and Hox genes,
178

popular reaction to,
165

and teratology,
156
–159,
166

George, Saint,
102
,
191

Germans,
238

Ghost in the Shell
,
267

ghost-men of Africa,
38

ghosts,
131

giants

biblical giants (nephilim),
72
–73,
74
–75,
76

giant-eared races,
37

giant ground sloths,
32

giant monster film genre,
255
–257

giant octopi,
35

giant squid,
2

Mandeville’s tales of,
91

symbolism of,
98

Giger, H. R.,
192
,
200

Global Attitudes Project,
249

God

and acts of
maleficium
,
113

creation of monsters,
75
–76,
86

and deformities/disabilities,
143

enemies of,
98

and evolution,
165
–166

and exorcisms,
119

and human vulnerability,
192

and Job,
64
–65,
106

and medieval theology,
71
,
163
–164

monster accomplices of,
63
–67

and races,
235

and saltations,
165
–166

and St. Anthony,
104
,
106

and suffering,
116

and witches,
119

Goddu, Teresa,
13

Godzilla
,
201
,
255
–257,
256

Gog and Magog,
87
,
90
,
92

Going Postal
(Ames),
246

Gold, Judith Taylor,
91
,
216
–217

Golding, William,
247

Goldschmidt, Richard,
170
–171,
173
,
175

Golem,
11
–12,
12
,
40

Goliath,
73

Gombe National Park in Tanzania,
239
–240

Goodall, Jane,
239
–240

Gorgons,
28
,
40
,
51
,
190

gothic literature,
183

Gould, Stephen Jay,
173
–175

Goya, Francisco,
151

grandiosity,
220

Grant, Barry,
280
–281

Gray, Asa,
179

Gray, Nicola,
224

Great Papal Schism,
107

Greeks, ancient

in Book of Daniel,
69

and concept of souls,
79

ethnocentrism of,
36
,
37

and hermaphrodites,
42

and prophetic arts,
39

Grendel,
94
,
95
,
100
,
101
,
252

griffins,
27
–30

and dinosaur fossils,
29

as embellishment,
127
–128

as liminal beings,
40
,
125
,
127
–128

Grigori (“the Watchers”),
72
,
74

Guinness, Alec,
235

Gunnarsson, Sturla,
100

Habib, Malim Abdul,
253

Ham,
73
,
84
–85,
86

Hamann, Johan Georg,
153

Hammer Horror films,
193

Hare, Robert,
220

Harris, Eric,
204

Harris, Sam,
250

Harvey, Michael,
219
,
225
,
280

Hawk, Howard,
200

headless fetuses (acephalous),
160
–161,
161

headless monsters

Augustine on,
77

as category jamming,
184

and Christianity,
88

depiction of,
78

in literature,
78
,
131
–132,
140

and rise of science,
129

Heaney, Michael,
29
–30

heartless fetuses,
160

Heart of Darkness
(Conrad),
187

Hecuba,
8

hedonism,
14
,
52
–54,
241
,
243

Heidegger, Martin,
185
–186,
194

Heine, Heinrich,
208
–209

hell,
71

helplessness,
192

Henry III, King of France,
107

Heraclitus,
45

Hercules,
99
–100

heredity,
170

Hereford
mappamundi
,
87
–88

heresy,
107
–108

hermaphrodites,
39
–42,
41
,
57
,
76
,
77

Herodotus,
28
,
37
,
242

heroics,
23
–25,
99
–102

Herschel, John,
275

Hesiod,
27
,
37

Heth, Joice,
135

Hezbollah martyrs,
249

Hinduism,
66

hippocentaurs,
35
,
51

Hippocrates,
147

Hirsi Ali, Ayaan,
249
,
251

History of Animals
(Aristotle),
33

Hitchens, Christopher,
251

Hitler, Adolf,
238

hoaxes

Feejee Mermaid taxidermy,
136
,
140

hydra of Hamburg,
123
–124,
124

naturalists’ exposure of,
129

Noctifer hoax,
134

taxidermy fraud of Waterton,
132
–134

Washington’s nurse,
135

Hobbs, Jerry,
10
–11

Hobbs, Laura,
10

Holley, Scott,
176
–177

homeotic genes,
171
,
176
,
177
–178

Homer,
26
–27,
37

Homme machine
(La Mettrie),
150

homologies,
164
,
165
–166,
168

homunculi,
79

honor,
102

hopeful monsters,
170
–171,
173
,
175
,
178
–179

horror

as artistic genre,
183

bio-horror,
184
,
201

and catharsis,
196
–197,
201

Freud on,
188
–194

horror films,
192
,
193
–198,
199
–202,
266

horror literature,
184
–186,
195

nature of,
184
–188

and suffering,
198
–199

term,
183

and vulnerability,
192

Hostel
,
195
,
196

Hostel II
,
195

host-parasite relationships,
198
–199,
201

Hox genes,
178

hubris,
73
,
256

human genome mapping,
176

humanity,
8

Hume, David,
36
,
236
,
250

humiliation,
211

hungry ghosts,
14

Hunter, John,
152
,
153
,
154
–156,
159

Hunterian Museum,
5
,
6

Huntington, Samuel P.,
240
,
243

Hutus,
240

Huxley, T. H.,
187
–188

hybrids

between animals and man,
36

of the Bible,
67

explanations for,
145

Lucretius on,
47

in nature,
125

reactions to,
275

reproduction of,
167
–168

of Waterton,
133
–134

hydra

in Book of Revelation,
67
,
68

fear-based response to,
186

Hamburg hoax,
123
–126,
124

as liminal beings,
40

hygiene threats,
281

hypertrichosis (werewolf syndrome),
137

Id,
209
,
212
–215,
217
,
218

ideologies,
249
,
250
–252

illusions,
114

imaginal disks,
172

imagination,
14
,
146
–148,
162
,
186
–187

immortality,
190

impulsiveness,
220

impurities,
184

In Absentia
,
194

incest,
204
–205,
212
,
216
–217

incubi,
113
,
144
,
145

India and Indians,
19
–22,
21
,
36
,
78
,
88
,
233

indignation,
211
,
246

individualism,
241

infanticide

in ancient Rome,
40
,
41

of Medea,
55
–56,
56
,
57
,
59

of Susan Smith,
59
,
231

injuries,
201

Inland Empire
,
193

Inquisition,
107
–108,
112
,
113

instincts,
4
,
209
,
239
–240

Institoris, Heinrich,
112
,
113
–118,
119

intelligence,
15

interstitial entities,
184

Interview with a Vampire,
195

Iran,
242
–243

Iraq war,
197
,
222
,
235
,
241
,
245
,
258

Irving, Washington,
183

Isidore, of Seville, Saint,
75
–76,
77
,
78
–79,
126
,
146

Islam and Muslims

criticisms of,
249

and the Crusades,
90
–91

and education of women,
253
–254

and Ham,
85

monster narratives of,
92
–93

and Pope Benedict,
250

on souls,
79

and xenophobia,
87
,
240
,
241
–242

Jackson, Cindy,
265
–266

Jackson, Michael,
266

Jack the Ripper,
195

Japan,
255
–257,
263

Jason,
55
,
56
,
57

J. Craig Venter Institute,
271

Jefferson, Thomas,
32
,
236
–237

Jeftichew, Fedor,
137
,
137

Jerome,
72
,
234

Jesus (biblical),
88
,
90
,
91

Jews and Judaism

and anti-Semitism,
90
,
209
,
216
,
217
,
235