Muslim Fortresses in the Levant: Between Crusaders and Mongols (134 page)
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Authors: Kate Raphael
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56 Ibn Shaddād,
,
143
;
Amitai, R., “An Arabic inscription at
Namrud) from the reign of sultan Baybars,” in M. Hartal
, The l-Subayba (Nimrod) Fortress, Towers 11 and 9
(Jerusalem, 2001), 113.
57 Ellenblum, “
,” 103–12.
58 Jackson, P., “The crisis in the Holy Land in 1260,”
English Historical Review
95 (July 1980): 502, n. 5.
59 Ibn, 162–4.
60 Ibid., 164.
61 Ibid., 93.
62 Ibn
, Jamāl al-Dīn
b. Sālim,
Mufarrij al-kurūb fī akhbār banī ayyūb
(Alexandria, 1953), vol. 3, 215–16.
63
Crusader Syria in the Thirteenth Century the Rothelin Continuation of the History of William of Tyre with part of Eracles or Acre text
, Crusader Texts in Translation, trans. by J. Shirley (Brookfield Vermont, 1999), 140, n. 6.
64 Humphreys, R. S.,
From Saladin to the Mongols: The Ayyubids of Damascus 1193–126
(Albany, 1977), 136–7, 159; Ibn,
Mufarrij,
vol. 3, 215–16. For a detailed discussion concerning the building of Mount Tabor and the final decision to destroy it see ch.1 in Burchard of Mount Sion,
A Description of the Holy Land,
trans. from Latin by A. Stewart (London, 1896),
PPTS
, vol. 12, 43; Pringle,
Churches
, 68.
65 Ibn al-Furāt,
Ta’rīkh
(Lyons), 66.
66 Irwin, R., “The Mamluk conquest of the County of Tripoli,” in
Crusade and Settlement
, ed. P. W. Edbury (Cardiff, 1985), 249.
67 Ayalon, D., “The Mamluks and naval power: a phase of the struggle between Islam and Christian Europe,” in
Studies on the Mamluks of Egypt (1250–1517)
(London, Variorum, 1977), VI, 5.
68 Ayalon, “Naval power”, 6–9.
69 Ibn al-Furāt,
Ta’rīkh
(Lyons), 72.
70 Ibid., 72.
71 Ibid., 101.
72 Drory, J., “Founding a new Mamlaka: some remarks concerning Safed and the organization of the region in the Mamluk period,” in
The Mamluks in Egyptian and Syrian Politics and Society
, eds. M. Winter and A. Levanoni (Leiden and Boston, 2004), 163–87.
73 Johns, “
,” 30.
74 Ibn
, 297–9; Maqrīzī,
Sulūk,
vol. 1, pt. 2, 565–6.
75 Bar Hebraeus,
Chronography
, vol. 1, 448; Ibn, 307–13; Maqrīzī,
Sulūk
, vol. 1, pt. 2, 568–9.
76 Maqrīzī does not give the exact number of fortresses or their names.
77 Maqrīzī,
Sulūk
, vol. 1, pt. 2, 568.
78 Ibid., vol. 1, pt. 2, 568.
79 Ibn al-Furāt,
Ta’rīkh
(Lyons), 126.
80 Ibn Shaddād,
, vol. 1, pt. 2, 71.
