Muslim Fortresses in the Levant: Between Crusaders and Mongols (123 page)

66 Humphreys,
Saladin
, 144.

67 Abū’l-Fidā’,
, 206.

68 Ibn Shaddād,
, vol. 2, pt. 2, 89.

69 Chevedden,
Damascus
, 63.

70 Twain, M.,
The Innocents Abroa
(New York, 1962), 397.

71 On the importance of Safforie during the Crusader period see Ellenblum, R.,
Frankish Rural Settlement in the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem
(Cambridge, 1988), 205.

72 Jezrael (Parvum Gerinum) was held by the Order of the Templars during the years proceeding the battle of
. Pringle, D.,
Secular Buildings in the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem
(Cambridge, 1997), 56.

73 La Fève (Castrum Fabe), taken over by the Templars in the early 1170s, was well built and manned; the garrison was of considerable size numbering between 50 and 60 knights. To that one should add sergeants and foot soldiers. The fortress also served as a storage site for arms, tools and food. It was used twice as an assembly place for the army of the whole kingdom. Barber,
Knighthood
, 87; Kedar, B. Z. and Pringle, D., “La Fève: a Crusader castle in the Jezreal valley,”
IEJ
35 (1985):164–79.

74 Daniel of Kiev,
The Pilgrimage of the Russian Abbot Daniel in the Holy Land 1106–1107
A.D., trans. from Russian by C. W. Wilson (London, 1985),
PPTS
, vol. 4, 66–7; Raba, J.,
Russian Travel Accounts on Palestine
(Jerusalem, 1986), 63 (Hebrew). For a detailed account of the Crusader sources and the description of the Monasteries see Pringle, D.,
The Churches of the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusale
(Cambridge, 1998), vol. 2, 64–8.

75 William of Tyre,
Deeds
, vol. 2, 495; This same attack is described y Ibn
, but he does not describe the place. Kamāl al-Dīn Ibn
,
Zubdat
min ta’rīkh
, ed. Sāmī al-Dahhān (Damascus, 1951), vol. 3, 73–4; Ellenblum,
Modern Histories
, 136, 169.

76 Ibn
,
Mufarrij
, vol. 3, 215.

77 Abū Shāma,
, vol. 3, 315, 318, 320. According to Pringle Mount Tabor was raided in June 1187 a month before the battle of
. But no damage was caused to the monasteries. Pringle,
Churches
, vol. 2, 66.

78 Qalqashandī,
, vol. 4, 109.

79 Humphreys,
Saladin
, 75–9.

80 Ibn al-Athīr,
,
al-Kāmil fī’l-ta’rīkh
, ed. C. J. Tornberg (Beirut, 1966), vol. 12, 194–5.