Going Dutch: How England Plundered Holland's Glory (56 page)

11
See L. Worsley, ‘“His magnificent buildings”: William Cavendish’s patronage of architecture’, in Beneden and de Poorter,
Royalist Refugees
, pp.101–4.

12
See above,
Chapter 3
. See also Held, ‘Huygens and Baerle’, p.662.

13
See P. Geyl, ‘Frederick Henry of Orange and King Charles I’,
English Historical Review
38 (1923), 355–83; 364.

14
15 February 1651. Worp, letter 5100.

15
To Princess Elizabeth of Bohemia. Worp, letter 5323. See also K. van der Leer,
Hofwijk: Het gedicht en de buitenplaats van Constantijn Huygens
(Zutphen: Walburg Pers, 2002), p.89.

16
S. Schama,
The Embarrassment of Riches: An Interpretation of Dutch Culture in the Golden Age
(1987).

17
P. Davidson and A. van der Weel (eds and trans.),
A Selection of the Poems of Sir Constantijn Huygens (1596–1687)
(Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 1996), p.137.

18
Ibid.

19
Ibid., p.139.

20
Ibid., pp.151–3.

21
2 June 1682. Worp, letter 7188.

22
Cit. Sellers,
Courtly Gardens in Holland
, p.107.

23
Huygens to Utricia, Hofwijck, 5/15 September 1653.

24
R. Strong,
The Artist and the Garden
(New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 2000), pp.183–5.

25
A.G.H. Bachrach and R.G. Collmer (eds),
Lodewijk Huygens: The English Journal 1651–1652
(Leiden: E.J. Brill/Leiden University Press, 1982), pp.132–3.

26
A. Mollet,
Le Jardin de Plaisir, contenant plusieurs desseins de Jardinage tant Parterres en Broderie, Compartiments de gazon, que Eosquers, & autres
(Stockholm: Henry Kayler, 1651), fol. D4v (author’s translation).

27
See L. Pattacini, ‘André Mollet, Royal gardener in St James’s Park, London’,
Garden History
26 (1998), 3–18.

28
Sellers,
Courtly Gardens in Holland
, p.170.

29
Cit. J.D. Hunt, ‘Anglo–Dutch garden art’, in D. Hoak and M. Feingold (eds),
The World of William and Mary: Anglo–Dutch Perspectives on the Revolution of 1688–89
(Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1996), pp.196–7.

30
Cit. ibid., p.195.

31
Cit. Davidson and van der Weel,
A Selection of the Poems of Sir Constantijn Huygens
, p.199.

32
J. Evelyn,
Sylva
(1664), p.115, cit. S.M. Couch, ‘The practice of avenue planting in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries’,
Garden History
20 (1992), 173–200; 176.

33
Evelyn,
Sylva
(1644), p.13.

34
Christiaan Huygens,
Oeuvres Complètes
4, p.176.

35
14/24 September 1676. Worp, letter 7032.

36
This is the distinguished Orangeist diplomatic family, living in The Hague, into which Alexander Bruce married in 1659. See above,
Chapter 5
.

37
See above,
Chapter 2
.

38
F.R.E. Blom (ed.),
Constantijn Huygens: Journaal van de Reis naar Venetië
(Amsterdam: Prometheus publishers, 2003), p.64 (author’s translation).

39
Ibid., pp.64–6.

40
J. Cats,
Ouderdom, buyten-leven en hof-gedachten, op Sorghvliet
(Amsterdam: J.J. Schipper, 1656), pp.14–15, cit. V. Bezemer Sellers,
Courtly Gardens in Holland 1600–1650
(Amsterdam: Architectura & Natura Press, 2001), p.12.

41
Sellers,
Courtly Gardens in Holland
, p.9.

9: Paradise on Earth

1
See Koen Ottenheym, ‘“Possessed by such a passion for building”: Frederik Hendrik and Architecture’, in Keblusek and Zijlmans,
Princely Display
, pp.105–25; pp.111–16.

2
See Sellers,
Courtly Gardens in Holland
, pp.15–59.

3
Ibid., p.29.

4
Evelyn,
Sylva
(1664).

5
J. Korthals-Altes,
Sir Cornelius Vermuyden
(The Hague: W.P. van Stockum & Son, 1925).

6
C. Roberts, ‘The Earl of Bedford and the coming of the English Revolution’,
Journal of Modern History
49 (1977), 600–16.

7
For an account of van Baerle’s relationship with Constantijn Huygens see T. Verbeek, E.-J. Bos and J. van den Ven (eds), ‘The Correspondence of René Descartes 1643’,
Questiones Infinitae: Publications of the Department of Philosophy Utrecht University
, 45 (2003), 246–7.

8
C.D. Van Strien,
British Travellers in Holland during the Stuart Period: Edward Browne and John Locke as Tourists in the United Provinces
(Leiden: E.J. Brill, 1993), p.149.

9
Cit. E. Den Hartog and C. Teune, ‘Gaspar Fagel (1633–88): his garden and plant collection at Leeuwenhorst’,
Garden History
30 (2002), 191–205; 194.

10
See Andriesse,
Huygens
, pp.181–2.

11
22 April 1660, ‘Aan de Hertogin van Lotharingen’. Worp, letter 5644.

12
Sellers,
Courtly Gardens in Holland
, p.175.

13
Christian Huygens,
Oeuvres Complètes
8, pp.86–7.

14
See e.g. Philips Doublet to Christiaan Huygens, 9 March 1679. Worp, letter 2163.

15
See V.B. Sellers,
Courtly Gardens in Holland 1600–1650
(Amsterdam: Architectura & Natura Press, 2001).

16
On the precise family connections see M. Sikkens-De Zwann, ‘Magdalena Poulle (1632–99): A Dutch lady in a circle of botanical collectors’,
Garden History
30 (2002), 206–20.

17
E. Den Hartog and C. Teune, ‘Gaspar Fagel (1633–88): His garden and plant collection at Leeuwenhorst’,
Garden History
30 (2002), 191–205; 191.

18
Tachard,
Voyage to Siam
, p.51. For a fuller account of the VOC’s nursery garden at the Cape see Jardine,
Ingenious Pursuits
,
Chapter 6
.

19
Den Hartog and Teune, ‘Gaspar Fagel’, p.194.

20
Ibid., p.197.

21
Cit. Den Hartog and Teune, ‘Gaspar Fagel’, p.201.

22
Cit. D. Chambers, ‘“Elysium Britannicum not printed neere ready &c”: The “Elysium Britannicum” in the Correspondence of John Evelyn’, in T. O’Malley and J. Wolschke-Bulmahn (eds),
John Evelyn’s ‘Elysium Britannicum’ and European Gardening
(Washington DC: Dumbarton Oaks, 1998), pp.107–130; p.115.

23
Ibid., p.127.

24
Sikkens-De Zwann, ‘Magdalena Poulle’, p.216.

25
See M.A. da Silva and M.M. Alcides, ‘Collecting and framing the wilderness: The garden of Johan Maurits (1604–79) in North-East Brazil’,
Garden History
30 (2002), 153–76.

26
H.S. van der Straaten,
Maurits de Braziliaan: Het levensverhaal van Johan Maurits van Nassau-Siegen, stichter van het Mauritshuis, gouverneur-generaal van Nederlands-Brazilië, stadhouder van Kleef 1604–1679
(Amsterdam: van Soeren & Co., 1998)

27
Cit. da Silva and Alcides, ‘Collecting and framing the wilderness’, p.158.

28
Cit. ibid., p.166.

29
Cit. ibid., p.172.

30
Cit. ibid., p.158.

31
See W. Diedenhofen, ‘“Belvedere”, or the principle of seeing and looking in the gardens of Johan Maurits van Nassau-Siegen at Cleves’, in J. Dixon Hunt (ed.),
The Dutch Garden in the Seventeenth Century
(Washington DC: Dumbarton Oaks, 1988), pp.49–80.

32
For the definitive account of the ‘tulipmania’, see Anne Goldgar,
Tulipmania: Money, Honor, and Knowledge in the Dutch Golden Age
(Chicago and London: Chicago University Press, 2007).