Exodus From the Alamo: The Anatomy of the Last Stand Myth (64 page)

, p. 1; Hansen, ed.,
The Alamo Reader
, pp. 15, 22. Robert E. Morsberger and Katharine M. Morsberger,
Lew Wallace: Military Romantic
(New York: McGrw-Hill, 1980), p. 23.
^44.
Lord,
A Time to Stand
, p. 49.
^45.
Davis,
Three Roads to the Alamo
, p. 445; Hardin,
Texian Iliad
, p. 117.
^46.
Huffines,
Blood of Noble Men
, p. 107.
^47.
Hardin,
Texian Iliad
, p. 135; Derr,
The Frontiersman
, p. 246; Davis,
Three Roads to the Alamo
, pp. 568–569; Santos,
Santa Anna’s Campaign Against Texas
, p. 6; Barr,
Texans in Revolt
, p. 56.
^48.
Telegraph and Texas Register
, March 5, 1836.
^49.
Winders,
Sacrificed at the Alamo
, pp. 14, 25.
^50.
Josephus,
The Jewish War
(Baltimore, Md: Penguin Books, 1959), p. 197; Thomas B. Marquis, Keep the Last Bullet for Yourself: The True Story of Custer’s Last Stand, (Algonac: Reference Publications, 1985), pp. 172–179.
^51.
Josephus,
The Jewish War
, p. 200.
^52.
Ibid., p. 208.
^53.
Ibid., pp. 242, 358–361.
^54.
Nofi,
The Alamo
, p. 131; Josephus,
The Jewish War
, pp. 197–361; Groneman,
Alamo Defenders
, pp. 51, 122–123; l; Donald H. Harrison,
Louis Rose: San Diego’s First Jewish Settler and Entrepreneur
, (San Diego: Sunbelt Publications, Inc., 2005), p. 25.
^55.
Nofi,
The Alamo
, p. 131; Harrison,
Louis Rose
, pp. 24–25.
^56.
Matovina,
The Alamo Remembered
, p. 27; Santos,
Santa Anna’s Campaign Against Texas
, p. 4; Huffines,
Blood of Noble Men
, pp. 1–2.
^57.
Gaddy,
Revolt in Texas
, p. 16.
^58.
Levy,
American Legend
, p. 234; Groneman,
Alamo Defenders
, pp. 70, 94.
^59.
Lord,
A Time to Stand
, pp. 82–83; Groneman,
Alamo Defenders
, pp. 116–117, 120.
^60.
Jackson,
Alamo Legacy
, p. 24; Lord,
A Time to Stand
, pp. 21–23.
^61.
Jackson,
Alamo Legacy
, p. 33.
^62.
Winders,
Sacrificed at the Alamo
, pp. 43–44; Perry, ed. and trans.,
With Santa Anna in Texas
, p. 99, note; Todish and Todish,
Alamo Sourcebook
, p. 139.
^63.
Perry, ed. and trans.,
With Santa Anna in Texas
, pp. xvi, xx, 6; Winders,
Sacrificed at the Alamo
, p. 39; Hardin,
Texan Iliad
, p. 95.
^64.
Groneman,
Eyewitness to the Alamo
, p. 33; Huffines,
Blood of Noble Men
, p. 109; Winders,
Sacrificed at the Alamo
, p. 122; Perry, ed. and trans,
With Santa Anna in Texas
, p. 44–45; Brown,
Andrew Jackson and the Battle of New Orleans
, pp. 10–11; Lord,
A Time to Stand
, p. 139.
^65.
Perry, ed. and trans.,
With Santa Anna in Texas
, pp. 44–45.
^66.
Santa Anna to McArdle, March 19, 1874, TSL and AC.
^67.
Perry, ed. and trans.,
With Santa Anna in Texas
, p. 18.
^68.
Grady McWhiney and Perry Jameson,
Attack and Die: Civil War Military Tactics and the Southern Heritage
, (University, Alabama: University of Alabama Press, 1982), pp. 41–42.
^69.
San Antonio Express
, June 23, 1878; Groneman,
Eyewitness to the Alamo
, pp. 13–14; Winders,
Sacrificed at the Alamo
, p. 126; Crawford, ed.,
The Eagle
, pp. ix–xii; Huffines,
Blood of Noble Men
, p. 57; Perry, ed. and trans.,
With Santa Anna in Texas
, p. 46.
^70.
The Battle of San Jacinto
by Pedro Delgado, The McArdle Notebooks, Archives and Information Services Division, Texas State Library and Archives Commission, Austin, Texas; Borroel, ed. and trans.,
Field Reports of the Mexican Army During the Texan War of 1836
, vol. iii, p. 21; MichelRolph Trouillot,
Silencing the Past: Power and the Production of History
, (Boston: Beacon Press, 1995), pp. 38–39.
^71.
Fisher to Austin, October 20, 1835, Center for American History, University of Texas, Austin, Texas; Perry, ed. and trans.,
With Santa Anna in Texas
, p. 45.
^72.
Hardin,
Texian Iliad
, pp. 90–91, 136–137; Borroel, ed. and trans.,
Field Reports of the Mexican Army in the Texan War of 1836
, vol. iii, pp. 31, 35–37; Perry, trans. and ed.,
With Santa Anna in Texas
, pp. 44–45.
^73.
Winders,
Sacrificed at the Alamo
, p. 28; Borroel,
The Texan Revolution of 1836
, p. 54; MarshallCornwall,
Napoleon
, pp. 139–145.
^74.
Brands,
Lone Star Nation
, p. 141; Scheina,
Santa Anna
, pp 19–20; DePalo,
The Mexican National Army
, p. 36; Fowler,
Santa Anna of Mexico
, p. 9.
^75.
DePalo,
The Mexican National Army
, p. 38.
^76.
Fowler,
Santa Anna of Mexico
, pp. 159–160.
^77.
Sutherland Manuscript, CAH; Lundstrom, “Assault at Dawn,”
Campaign
, p. 9; Roberts and Oslon,
A Line in the Sand
, p. 106; Brown,
The New Orleans Greys
, pp. 75, 122–123; Hardin,
Texian Iliad
, p. xviii; Barr,
Texans in Revolt
, pp. 45–59; Perry, ed. and trans.,
With Santa Anna in Texas
, p. 46; Lord,
A Time to Stand
, p. 159.
^78.
Sutherland Manuscript, CAH; Groneman,
Eyewitness to the Alamo
, p. 25.
^79.
Goneman,
Eyewitness to the Alamo
, p. 57; Fowler,
Santa Anna of Mexico
, p. 163; Smith,
Napoleon Against Russia
, p. 112.
^80.
Sutherland Manuscript, CAH; Winders,
Sacrificed at the Alamo
, p. 134; Hardin,
Texas Iliad
, p. 59.
^81.
Groneman,
Eyewitness to the Alamo
, p. 19; Perry, ed. and trans.,
With Santa Anna in Texas
, p. 46.
^82.
Borroel, ed. and trans.,
Field Reports of the Mexican Army During the Texan War of 1836
, vol. iv, p. 59; Huffines,
Blood of Noble Men
, p. 134; Perry, ed. and trans.,
With Santa Anna in Texas
, pp. 46–47; Roberts and Olson,
A Line in the Sand
, p. 161.
^83.
Sutherland Manuscript, CAH;
Richmond Whig
, April 15, 1836; Groneman,
Eyewitness to the Alamo
, pp. 13–14; Roberts and Olson,
A Line in the Sand
, p. 161; Chartrand,
Santa Anna’s Mexican Army
, p. 7; DePalo,
The Mexican National Army
, p. 50; Perry, ed. and trans.,
With Santa Anna in Texas
, pp. 18, 46–47.
^84.
Kevin Young, editor, “The Siege of the Alamo: A Mexican Army Journal,”
Journal of the Alamo Battlefield Association
, vol. iii, no. 1, (Fall 1998), p. 33; Levy,
American Legend
, pp. 177–178; Brands,
Lone Star Nation
, p. 366; Groneman,
Eyewitness to the Alamo
, pp. 13–14; Roger Borroel, editor and translator,
Field Reports of the Mexican Army During the Texan War of 1836
, (East Chicago, Indiana; “La Villita Publications,” 2001), vol. iv, p. 59; Santos,
Santa Anna’s Campaign Against Texas
, pp. 45–46; Chartrand,
Santa Anna’s Mexican Army
, pp. 7–8, 12, 61; Perry, ed. and trans.,
With Santa Anna in Texas
, pp. 8–9, 46; DePablo,
The Mexican National Army
, p. 24; Huffines,
Blood of Noble Men
, pp. 82–83.
^85.
San Antonio Express
, June 23, 1878; Groneman,
Eyewitness to the Alamo
, pp. 14–15; Roberts and Olson,
A Line in the Sand
, pp. 67, 159; Winders,
Sacrificed at the Alamo
, p. 125; Hardin,
Texian Iliad
, p. 97; Borroel, ed. and trans.,
Field Reports of the Mexican Army During the Texan War of 1836
, vol. vii, p. 52; Santos,
Santa Anna’s Campaign Against Texas
, pp. 14, 74.
^86.
San Antonio Daily Express
, June 23, 1878 and June 30, 1889; Winders,
Sacrificed at the Alamo
, pp. 46–47; Lundstrom, “Assault at Dawn,”
Campaign
, p. 7; Chartrand,
Santa Anna’s Mexican Army
, p. 18.
^87.
Crawford, ed.,
The Eagle
, p. 50; Fowler,
Santa Anna of Mexico
, p. 160.
^88.
San Antonio Daily Express
, June 30, 1889, Roberts and Olson,
A Line in the Sand
, p. 160; Hardin,
Texian Iliad
, p. 104; Salas,
Soldaderas
, pp. 29–30; Perry, ed. and trans, With Santa Anna in Texas, p. 68; DePalo,
The Mexican National Army
, p. 51.
^89.
Washington Post
, Washington, D.C., May 5, 1907.
^90.
Borroel, ed. and trans.,
Field Reports of the Mexican Army During the Texan War of 1836
, vol. iii, pp. 51, 53; Branding,
Mexican Phoenix
, 41, 74, 239.
^91.
Hansen, ed.,
The Alamo Reader
, pp. 112–113.
^92.
La Lima de Vulcano
, Mexico City, Mexico, April 30, 1836; Perry, ed. and trans.,
With Santa Anna in Texas
, pp. xix, xx, 8, 44–45.
^93.
Huffines,
Blood of Noble Men
, p. 31.
^94.
Santos,
Santa Anna’s Campaign Against Texas
, pp. 41, 44–45; Borroel, ed. and trans.,
Field Reports of the Mexican Army During the Texan War of 1836
, vol. vi, pp. 22, 25–27, 34–35, 42; DePalo,
The Mexican National Army
, pp. 23–24, 41, 48; Kevin R. Young, “Understanding the Mexican Army,” Kevin R. Young Papers, Rossville, Illinois.
^95.
General Joaquin Ramirez Sesma Report, March 11, 1836, Secretaria de la Defensa Nacional, Archivo Historico Militar Mexicano, Mexico City, Mexico; Jackson,
Alamo Legacy
, pp. 144–145; Lindley,
Alamo Traces
, p. 265.
^96.
New York Times
, February 22, 1891; Lack,
The Texas Revolutionary Experience
, p. 244; Nelson,
The Alamo
, p. 32; Uniformology Research File, Weatherford, Texas; DePalo,
The Mexican National Army
, p. 31.
^97.
Hardin,
Texan Iliad
, p. 98.
^98.
Perry, ed. and trans,
With Santa Anna in Texas
, pp. 40, 45.
^99.
Sutherland Manuscript, CAH; Davis,
Three Roads to the Alamo
, p. 559.
^100.
Winders,
Sacrificed at the Alamo
, pp. 38–39; DePalo,
The Mexican National Army
, p. 50.
^101.
Hardin,
Texian Iliad
, pp. 137–138; Borroel, ed. and trans.,
Field Reports of the Mexican Army During the Texan War of 1836
, vol. ii, 31.
Chapter 6: THE PREDAWN ASSAULT
^1.
Perry, ed. and trans.,
With Santa Anna in Texas
, pp. 62–63; Hardin,
Texian Iliad
, p. 138; Smith,
Napoleon Against Russia
, p. 115.
^2.
Ibid., p. 42; Hart,
Strategy
, pp. 114–139.
^3.
Pedro Sanchez, March 4, 1836 letter, Box 2Q174, vol. 334, Center for American History, University of Texas, Austin, Texas; Levy,
American Legend
, p. 178; Borrell, ed. and trans.,
Field Reports of the Mexican Army During the Texan War of 1836
, vol. iv, p. 60; Miguel A. Sanchez Lamego,
The Siege & Taking of the Alamo
(Santa Fe: The Press of the Territorian, 1968), pp. 35, 37.
^4.
Huffines,
Blood of Noble Men
, pp. 95, 137, 139; Groneman,
Eyewitness to the Alamo
, p. 19; Hansen, ed.,
The Alamo Reader
, p. 47.
^5.
Jackson,
Alamo Legacy
, p. 33.
^6.
San Antonio Express
, June 23, 1878; Groneman,
Eyewitness to the Alamo
, p. 20; Jackson,
Alamo Legacy
, p. 82; Borroel, ed. and trans.,
Field Reports of the Mexican Army During the Texan War of 1836
, vol. iii, p. 33; Hardin,
Texian Iliad
, p. 138; Roberts and Olson,
A Line in the Sand
, 158; DePalo,
The Mexican National Army
, 24; Chartrand,
Santa Anna’s Mexican Army
, p. 12; Santos,
Santa Anna’s Campaign Against Texas
, p. 15; Perry, ed. and trans.,
With Santa Anna in Texas
, p. 45; Borroel,
The Texan War of 1836
, p. 37; Huffines,
Blood of Noble Men
, p.130; Lamego,
The Siege & Taking of the Alamo
, p. 32.
^7.
San Antonio Express
, June 23, 1878;
Frankfort Commonwealth
, Frankfort, Kentucky, May 25, 1836; Myers, The
Alamo
, p. 146; Roberts and Olson,
A Line in the Sand
, pp. 23–25, 158–159; Salas,
Soldaderas
, p. 25; Hardin,
Texian Iliad
, pp. 138–139; Perry, ed. and trans.,
With Santa Anna in Texas
, pp. 45–46; Santos,
Santa Anna’s Campaign Against Texas
, pp. 14–15;
Commercial Bulletin
, New Orleans, Louisiana, April 11, 1836; Lamego,
The Siege & Taking of the Alamo
, pp. 32–33, 35.
^8.
Frankfort Commonwealth,
May 25, 1836
; Commercial Bulletin
, April 11, 1836; Hansen, ed.,
The Alamo Reader