Cleopatra (41 page)

16. Isis and Dionysos as snakes. From the British Museum © the Trustees of the British Museum.

17. The ‘Alabaster Tomb’ of Alexandria © RPL.

18. Serapis. From the Vatican Museum © RPL.

19. Osiris. From the Manchester Museum © RPL.

20. The Egyptian goddess Isis. From ‘The Tomb of Siptah’ illustrated by E. Harold Jones, published in
The Tomb of Siptah
by Theodore Davis (1908).

21. Isis as mother. From the Staatliche Museum, Berlin © RPL.

22. Amaryllis. From the National Museum, Athens © RPL.

23. Isis carrying the sistrum. From the Capitoline Museum, Rome © RPL.

24. Cleopatra and Caesarion. From the Dendera Temple © RPL.

25. Mark Antony. From Kingston Lacy, The Bankes Collection © NTPL / Paul Mulcahy.

26. Octavian: the Emperor Augustus. From the National Museum, Athens © RPL.

Page 61 – Tetradrachm of Cleopatra VII. From the Garstang Museum of Archaeology, University of Liverpool © RPL.

Page 71 – Tetradrachm of Alexander the Great. From the Garstang Museum of Archaeology, University of Liverpool © RPL.

Page 75 – Tetradrachm of Ptolemy I. From the Garstang Museum of Archaeology, University of Liverpool © RPL.

Page 120 – Armant scene recorded by Lepsius (Denkmäler IV, 60a and 59b).

Page 123 – ‘Cleopatra’. From A.B. Edwards,
A Thousand Miles up the Nile
(1877).

Page 160 – Tetradrachm of Mark Antony. From the Garstang Museum of Archaeology, University of Liverpool © RPL.

Family Tree adapted from Walker S. and Higgs P., eds (2001),
Cleopatra of Egypt: From History to Myth
, British Museum Publications, London.

Cleopatra’s World adapted from Walker S. and Higgs P., eds (2001),
Cleopatra of Egypt: From History to Myth
, British Museum Publications, London.

Cleopatra’s Egypt adapted from Höbl G. (2001),
A History of the Ptolemaic Empire
. Translated by T. Saavedra, Routledge, London and New York.

Cleopatra’s Alexandria adapted from various sources.

I
would like to express my gratitude to John Ray, who patiently read through the first draft of
Cleopatra
and offered helpful advice. Any mistakes are, of course, my own. I would also like to thank Judith Corbelli and Steven Snape for their encouragement, advice and enthusiasm. At Profile, Peter Carson believed in this book, and Bohdan Buciak, Penny Daniel, Anna-Marie Fitzgerald, Lesley Levene and Nicola Taplin helped it to become a reality. In 2006 the Society of Authors generously awarded me a grant from the Author’s Foundation, which allowed me to travel to Egypt in search of Cleopatra. I will always be grateful for their support.

My father, William Randolph Tyldesley, always wanted me to write about Cleopatra; sadly he died when this book was nearing completion. I wish that he could have read it.

A

Abusir el-Melek cemetery, Faiyum
161

Achaea
144

Achelos, General
36

Achillas
46
,
50
,
51
,
52
,
53

Acoreus, Priest of Isis
100

Acropolis, Athens
174

Actium
174
,
176

battle of
176–82
,
197
,
200
,
205
,
208
,
242
n
7
,
255
n
9

Adea (wife of Philip III Arrhidaeos)
220

Adlington, William
125

Adonia celebration
85

Adonis
85

Aegae (Vergina)
73

Aeneas
106
,
206–8

Aesopus
153

Africa (modern Tunisia)
144
,
200

Afrocentrism
29

Agathoclea (Ptolemy II’s mistress)
85
,
226
,
227

Agathocles (brother of Agathoclea)
227

Agathocles (husband of Lysandra)
224–5

Agathoi Daemones (‘The Good Spirits’)
194

Agesilaus, King of Sparta
209

Agrippa, Marcus Vipsanius
176
,
177
,
179
,
181

Ahenobarbus, Gnaeus Domitius
173
,
177

Ahhotep (queen consort)
241
n
2

Ahmose II
18

Ahmose-Nefertari (queen consort)
241
n
2

Akhenaten
71

Akhetaten (Amarna)
71

Akhmim
244
n
21

Al-Masudi
212

Alcestis
189

Alexander
(film)
216

Alexander Helios (Cleopatra VII’s twin son)
33
,
157
,
159
,
162–3
,
168
,
169
,
199
,
238