Winter King: Henry VII and the Dawn of Tudor England (68 page)

6
. TNA E 101/416/3, f. 10v.

7
. Gachard,
Collection des voyages
, p. 422; Vergil,
Anglica Historia
, pp. 138–9.

8
.
The Reign of Henry VII
, I, p. 263.

9
.
Memorials
, pp. 283–4; Gachard,
Collection des voyages
, pp. 422–3.

10
. Thurley,
Royal Palaces
, pp. 207, 234–5;
HKW
, II, p. 879.

11
.
AR
, II, pp. 193, 325–6; Kisby, ‘The Royal Household Chapel’, pp. 140–41 and n. 40.

12
. SJC D105.162, f. 2v.

13
.
Memorials
, p. 287.

14
.
Chronicle of Calais
, p. 55.

15
. SJC D105.162, f. 2v;
HKW
, IV, p. 5; Jones and Underwood,
The King’s Mother
, p. 73.

16
. Hampton, ‘White Rose, Part 2’, p. 474 n. 92;
Memorials
, p. 292.

17
.
Memorials
, p. 292.

18
. TNA E 101/416/3, f. 20r.

19
. Gachard,
Collection des voyages
, p. 424.

20
. Chrimes,
Henry VII
, p. 290;
Foedera
, XIII, 123ff.;
The Reign of Henry VII
, III, pp. 83–96; Mattingly,
Catherine of Aragon
, pp. 67–8.

21
. Gachard,
Collections des voyages
, p. 426.

22
. Aram,
Juana the Mad
, p. 83.

23
.
Memorials
, pp. 299, 301–2.

24
. Aram,
Juana the Mad
, p. 83.

25
. Jones and Underwood,
The King’s Mother
, p. 156; SJC D91.21, pp. 99–103; TNA E 36/214, f. 21.

26
.
CSPV
, no. 854.

27
. Hall,
Chronicle
, p. 501;
Memorials
, p. 292.

28
. Gachard,
Collections des voyages
, p. 429.

29
.
CSPV
, nos. 867, 869.

30
. BL Add. MS 21404, quoted in
LP RIII/HVII
, I, pp. 285–6. For Don Pedro Manrique’s role, see
CSPS
, no. 288.

31
. Hayward,
Dress at the Court of Henry VII
, p. 92.

32
. Machiavelli,
The Prince
, p. 62.

33
. Mattingly,
Catherine of Aragon
, p. 71.

34
. Vergil,
Anglica Historia
, p. 138;
Chronicle of Calais
, pp. 5–6.

35
.
LP RIII/HVII
, I, pp. 273–4.

36
. Hampton, ‘White Rose, Part 2’, pp. 473–4.

37
. SJC D91.21, p. 108.

38
. TNA E 36/214, f. 32v; Bellamy,
Tudor Law of Treason
, pp. 94–5, 108–15.

39
. S. Cunningham, ‘Guildford, Sir Richard (
c.
1450–1506)’,
ODNB
.

40
.
The Pylgrymage of Sir Richard Guylforde
,
passim
.

41
. Jones and Underwood,
The King’s Mother
, p. 165;
LP HVIII
, I (i), no. 713.

42
.
Select Cases in the Council of Henry VII
, pp. xxix–xxx; Pugh, ‘Henry VII and the English Nobility’, p. 71.

43
. Lander, ‘Bonds, Coercion and Fear’, p. 289; Cameron, ‘The Giving of Livery’, pp. 32–3; Pugh, ‘Henry VII and the English Nobility’, pp. 66–7; Cunningham, ‘The Establishment of the Tudor Regime’, pp. 259–64.

44
. Vergil,
Anglica Historia
, p. 139; Hall,
Chronicle
, p. 502;
Chronicle of Calais
, p. 6.

45
. Grummitt, ‘ “Surety for the Towne and the Marches” ’, pp. 200–202; Luckett, ‘Crown Patronage and Political Morality’, pp. 592–5.

46
.
CCR
1500–1509, nos. 825 (i–iv); Lander, ‘Bonds, Coercion and Fear’, p. 289.

47
. BL Lansdowne MS 127, f. 19 (Lucy Browne), ff. 33, 34 (Daubeney), ff. 47v, f. 53v (Bergavenny), f. 50v (Northumberland), f. 40v (Nanfan).

1
.
CWE
, 2, ep. 181.

2
. Rundle, ‘ “Not so much praise as precept” ’, pp. 148–70.

3
.
CWE
, 2, ep. 181.

4
.
CWE
, 2, ep. 185.

5
. MacCulloch,
Reformation
, pp. 97–105.

6
.
St Thomas More: Selected Letters
, pp. 4–5.

7
. Sowards, ‘Two Lost Years of Erasmus’, p. 169; Ackroyd,
More
, pp. 66, 103–4.

8
. J. B. Trapp, ‘Ammonius, Andreas [Andrea della Rena] (bap. 1476, d. 1517)’,
ODNB
; Clough, ‘Three Gigli of Lucca in England’, p. 143 n. 72.

9
. ML Add. MS 8441, f. 156, quoted in Chambers,
Cardinal Bainbridge in the Court of Rome
, p. 9.

10
. Mattingly,
Renaissance Diplomacy
, pp. 164–5, 169.

11
. Mattingly,
Renaissance Diplomacy
, pp. 164–5; Setton,
The Papacy and the Levant
, II, pp. 533–6; Chambers,
Popes, Cardinals and War
, p. 111.

12
. Singer,
The Earliest Chemical Industry
, p. 318 n. 241.

13
. Mattingly,
Renaissance Diplomacy
, p. 159.

14
. Wilkie,
The Cardinal Protectors of England
, p. 29; Underwood, ‘The Pope, The Queen and the King’s Mother’, p. 78; Mattingly,
Renaissance Diplomacy
, pp. 141–3, 158; Clough, ‘Three Gigli of Lucca in England’, p. 138.

15
. Hay,
Polydore Vergil
, pp. 6, 22–3; Vergil,
Anglica Historia
, pp. 144–5.

16
. Clough, ‘Three Gigli of Lucca in England’, p. 144.

17
.
CWE
, 2, ep. 198.

18
.
Calendar of the Manuscripts of the Dean and Chapter of Wells
, 2 vols., Historical Manuscripts Commission, 12 (1907–14), II, pp. 139–40, quoted in Gunn, ‘Court of Henry VII’, p. 137.

19
.
CWE
, 2, ep. 188.

20
.
CWE
, 2, eps. 189, 191–6, 206.

21
. Tournoy, ‘Two Poems written by Erasmus for Bernard Andre’, pp. 45–51;
CWE
, 2, ep. 191;
CWE
, 10, ep. 1490;
CWM
,
3, 2, no. 148.

22
. Vergil,
Anglica Historia
, p. xx.

23
. Hay,
Polydore Vergil
, pp. 79–128.

24
. Hay,
Polydore Vergil
, pp. 131–5, 143–4.

25
. Talbot and Hammond,
The Medical Practitioners in Medieval England
, pp. 179–82, 300–301;
CWE
, 2, eps. 195, 236.

26
. Finot, ‘Le commerce d’alun dans les pays-bas’, p. 425.

27
. Setton,
The Papacy and the Levant
, III, p. 49; Tyerman,
England and the Crusades
, pp. 350–51.

28
. TNA E 36/214, f. 58v; Chambers,
Popes, Cardinals and War
, pp. 110–12; Mattingly,
Renaissance Diplomacy
, pp. 140–47, 157–8; Currin, ‘England’s International Relations’, p. 27; BL Lansdowne MS 127, f. 52v.

29
.
LP RIII/HVII
, II, pp. 167–8; BL Lansdowne MS 127, f. 34v; Hay, ‘Pietro Griffo, An Italian in England’, p. 120.

30
. Underwood, ‘The Pope, The Queen and the King’s Mother’, p. 79; Currin, ‘England’s International Relations’, p. 29.

31
. Sicca, ‘Consumption and Trade of Art between Italy and England’, pp. 7–8.

32
. Cellini,
Autobiography
, p. 18.

33
. Verdon,
The Art of Guido Mazzoni
, pp. 139–41.

34
. Galvin and Lindley, ‘Pietro Torrigiano’s Portrait Bust of King Henry VII’, p. 900;
HKW
, III, pp. 200–201; MS Bodley 488.

35
. Verdon,
The Art of Guido Mazzoni
, pp. 137–8.

36
. Darr, ‘New Documents for Pietro Torrigiani’, pp. 108–25.

37
.
CWE
, 2, eps. 200, 203, 205.

38
.
CWE
, 2, ep. 206.

39
.
CWE
, 12, pp. 369–70.

40
.
CWE
, 2, ep. 215.

1
.
GC
, pp. 332–3.

2
. Cunningham, ‘Loyalty and the Usurper’, pp. 468–9; Condon, ‘Ruling Elites’, p. 123.

3
. TNA DL 3/4, N1 d. I am grateful to James Ross for an early look at his perceptive article ‘Sedition and the King “Beyond the See”?’

4
. Horowitz, ‘Richard Empson’, p. 46.

5
. BL Lansdowne MS 127, f. 53.

6
. Cunningham, ‘Loyalty and the Usurper’, pp. 463–4, 470; Horowitz, ‘Henry Tudor’s Treasure’, pp. 562, 568–75; Gunn,
Early Tudor Government
, pp. 124–7; Horowitz, ‘Policy and Prosecution’, pp. 443–5.

7
. Gunn, ‘Edmund Dudley and the Church’, pp. 523–4; Cunningham, ‘Loyalty and the Usurper’, p. 480; Gunn, ‘ “New Men” ’, p. 159.

8
. TNA X-2860 (temporary reference). I am grateful to James Ross for bringing this document to my attention, and for an early look at his article, ‘ “Contrary to the right and to the order of the lawe” ’, which explores it in depth.

9
.
GC
, p. 348.

10
.
Acts of Court of the Mercers’ Company
, p. 577; Barron,
London in the Later Middle Ages
, pp. 13, 115. Bratchel, ‘Alien Merchant Communities’, pp. 6–7, 52–5, 129–32, 143–6, 172; Sutton,
Mercery
, pp. 333–51.

11
. Sutton,
Mercery
, pp. 343–4;
GC
, p. 348; Dudley,
Tree of Commonwealth
, p. 6; BL Lansdowne MS 127, f. 31.

12
.
English Historical Documents
, p. 189; TNA E 154/2/17; Schofield,
Medieval London Houses
, nos. 178, 225.

13
. Bellamy,
Tudor Law of Treason
, pp. 85, 125.

14
. Grummitt, ‘Henry VII, Chamber Finance and the “New Monarchy” ’, p. 236;
GC
, p. 352; Ives,
Common Lawyers
, pp. 268–9.

15
. Arrighi,
The Long Twentieth Century
, pp. 111–29; Vilar,
A History of Gold and Money
, p. 47; Sutton,
Mercery
, p. 114.

16
.
GC
, p. 352; Bratchel, ‘Alien Merchant Communities’, pp. 201–2, 321.

17
.
A Relation of the Island of England
, p. 33.

18
.
GC
, p. 349.

19
. Barron,
London in the Later Middle Ages
, p. 53; Ramsey, ‘Overseas Trade’, nn. 48, 50, 51, 53;
GC
, p. 349;
CPR
1495
–
1509, p. 470; Karras,
Common Women
, p. 28; Pugh,
Imprisonment in Medieval England
, pp. 109–11.

20
. TNA E 36/214, ff. 34, 151.

21
. ‘The Petition of Edmund Dudley,’ nos. 12, 58, 63; BL Lansdowne MS 127, f. 49.

22
. Sutton,
Mercery
, p. 354; Horowitz, ‘ “Agree with the king” ’, pp. 352–3;
GC
, p. 336; ‘The Petition of Edmund Dudley’, no. 75.

23
. SJC D91. 19, pp. 8–11.

24
. SJC D91. 19, p. 13; Jones and Underwood,
The King’s Mother
, p. 198.

25
. SJC D91.19, p. 11.

26
. Jones and Underwood,
The King’s Mother
, pp. 91–2, 159; SJC D91.19, p. 9; TNA E 36/214, p. 142.

27
. Penn, ‘Literary Service’, p. 21.

28
. Cavendish,
Life of Cardinal Wolsey
, p. 7; Condon, ‘Last Will of Henry VII’, p. 105 nn. 21, 22: TNA E 36/314, pp. 141, 147, 156; see also Starkey, ‘Court and Government’, pp. 51–2.

29
. TNA E 36/214, f. 74; TNA LC 2/1, f. 63;
The Pension Book of Gray’s Inn
, pp. xxiii–xxiv.

30
. Horowitz, ‘Richard Empson’, p. 43; TNA E 36/214 ff. 70, 73, 73v;
GC
, p. 333; Hall,
Chronicle
, p. 502.

31
.
CSPS
, no. 511;
CSPS
Supp., pp. 90–91.

32
.
GC
, pp. 336, 343; see Horowitz, ‘ “Agree with the king” ’, p. 354.