Under the Loving Care of the Fatherly Leader: North Korea and the Kim Dynasty (176 page)

Bonesteel, Charles,
50

Brezhnev, Leonid,
112

Bucher, Cdr. Lloyd M. See
Pueblo
incident

Buddhism,
20
,
351

Bush, George H. W.,
446

Bush, George W.,
654
,
656

“faith-based initiatives,”
678

loathing of Kim Jong-il,
659

Nixon-in-China scenario,
671

bustle, compared with China’s,
185
,
662

Carter, Jimmy,
138–153
passim,
496–497
,
506
,
510

Castro, Fidel,
125

Ceaucescu, Nicolae and Elena,
492
,
503
,
517
,
547

Chang In-sook (banished architect-engineer; defector),
565–566
,
625–628

Chang Myon (South Korean prime minister),
104

Chang Song-taek (Kim Jong-il brother-inlaw, confidante),
190
,
574
,
587
,
660
,
690

chemical and biological weapons,
445

delivery systems,
488

experiments and accidents with,
488

sufficient to kill all in South,
487

Chiang Kai-shek,
85
,
86

Children’s Corps,
2
,
168
,
169
,
230
,
403–404

China

aid from,
8

advice from,
8
,
336
,
338–339

as coup instigator, in Pentagon hopes,
672–674

Cultural Revolution,
22
,
121

North Korea’s version compared,
235
,
237
,
260
,
275
,
293

documents, archived, findings from,
66
,
79

economic comparisons,
185
,
345–346
,
361
,
386–387

interest in continued Korean division,
683

Kim Jong-il visits to,
323–326
,
336
,
652
,
696

Korean War intervention by,
81

“loss” of, by U.S.,
74

merchants, traders, role in informing

North Koreans of outside conditions,
264
,
310
,
501
,
588

oil supply from, as leverage in second

nuclear crisis,
660

Red Guards,
22
,
125
,
196
,
197

refugees crossing border into,
628–629
,
630

women sold as wives and concubines,
678

forced abortions upon return,
679

Kim Jong-nam assigned to deal with,
696

as suggested reform model,
342
,
397
,
465
,
474
,
481
,
658
,
667

ties to South Korea,
465

Chinese Communist Party,
34

envy of, by North Korean leaders,
62
,
63

Northeast Anti-Japanese United Army of,
40
,
48
,
109

Chinese People’s Volunteers,
82

role minimized, in propaganda,
92

withdrawal of,
114

Chistiakov, Gen. Ivan M.,
52

Choe Dong-chul (banished prison guard; defector),
563–564
,
608–611
,
615

Choe Gwang (military chief; partisan),
71
,
506

Choe Hyon (vice president; partisan),
222

Choe Jong-keun (external economic committee chair),
504

Choe Yong-gon (no. 2 under Kim Il-sung; partisan),
190
,
198

Choe Yong-hae (Socialist Working Youth chair),
222
,
574
,
579–580

Choi Eun-hi (South Korean movie actress kidnapped by Kim Jong-il),
326–339

Choi Jin-sok (guerrilla in Kim Il-sung’s band),
34
,
39–40
,
41
,
42
,
44

Choi Kwang-hyeok (KPA sergeant; defector),
515–516
,
518

Choi Myung-nam (Special Forces; defector),
514–515
,
518
,
572

Chollima movement,
102
,
122

Cho Man-sik (nonviolent reformist),
52
,
54
,
55

Chondoism,
349

Chong Ki-hae (repatriate from Japan; defector),
101–104
,
263–265

Chongryon (General Association of Korean Residents in Japan),
101
,
297–298
,
323
,
326
,
461–462

Kim Jong-il’s 1998 talk with representatives of,
573–577
,
642–645

Christianity

churches,
173
,
349–351

cultural influences of,
172

evangelicals’ interest in U.S. government decisions on North Korea,
678

and Korean anti-Japanese movement,
15

as model for personality cult,
12
,
330

regime’s explicit pre-Christmas comparison,
289

South Korean,
257

as target for Korean War occupation purge in South,
89

Chun Doo-hwan (South Korean president),
151
,
343
,
673

Chung Ju-yung (Hyundai founder),
477–478
,
480
,
648

class structure,
57
,
59
,
463
,
665–666
,
700
.
See also
family background, status and

Clinton, Bill,
460
,
642

clothing,
160
,
265–266
,
345

footwear,
229
,
345
,
431

jeans,
311

manufacture, for export,
477
,
480

one outfit per person per season,
306

shabby,
469
,
500

rationing suspended, due to shortage,
308

“silk,” promised by Kim Il-sung,
97

$67 jogging suits,
469

co-existence, peaceful,
97
,
107
,
123
,
647

comebacks, by out-of-favor officials,
279

communism

collapse in Soviet and Eastern Europe,
99
,
342
,
368
,
390
,
465
,
468
,
472
,
554
,
573

“new human beings” in,
173

true (stage beyond mere socialism),
102
,
112
,
162

communist countries’ economic integration

resistance by Kim Il-sung to,
112
,
157

socialist barter system, destruction of,
468
,
476

computers,
347
,
610
,
642

concentration camps.
See
punishment: political prisons and prison camps

concubinage,
188
.
See also
Mansions Special Volunteer Corps

Confucianism,
8
,
60
,
159
,
167–168
,
206
,
238
,
240
,
357
,
684
,
697
,
698
,
699
.
see also
Kim Il-sung: filial piety and

Connally, Sen. Tom,
67

constitution

1972,
155
,
260

1998,
641–642

construction,
292–295
,
353
,
362–363
,
476
,
480
,
626

consumer goods, stores,
121
,
179–180
,
308
,
345–347
,
360
,
449
,
469
,
583–584

containment, U.S. policy of,
65
,
86

corruption,
458
,
573–575

bribery,
300
,
308
,
311
,
360
,
412
,
416–417
,
419–420
,
421
,
430
,
494
,
531
,
545
,
574
,
583–587
passim,
590
,
602–611
passim

embezzlement of grain, at collective farms, for market resale,
500
,
517

kickbacks,
583

lack of, in early years,
97

selling idled factory equipment as scrap

metal,
573

technology imports push and,
181–182

theft, at work,
389

counties, administration of,
224
,
559

coup d’état

attempts, plots,
543–550

Pentagon hardliners’ scenario,
672–674

prospects, precautions,
483
,
486
,
489
,
492–494
,
517
,
521
,
541
,
553

criticism sessions,
174
,
180
,
218
,
273
,
283
,
292
,
302
,
530–531

Cuban Missile Crisis,
125

culture

policy on,
170–173

North Korean cultural revolution,
237–261
,
272–275
,
293

foreign, infiltration of,
336
,
457
,
521

See also
national character

currency, foreign,
275
,
295
,
360
,
389
,
447
,
458–459
,
466
,
468
,
579–591
passim

accumulated by elite, to fund exile,
494

counterfeit “Super-K” $100 bills,
499

exchange rate reform,
653
,
663

motive for missile exports,
636

regulations,
471

See also
Workers’ Party: Room
39