Tudors (History of England Vol 2) (75 page)

Erik, prince of Sweden,
ref 1

Essex, Robert Devereux, 2nd earl of: character and career,
ref 1
; as Elizabeth’s favourite,
ref 1
; on expedition against Portugal,
ref 1
; belligerence,
ref 1
; rivalry with Robert Cecil,
ref 1
,
ref 2
; as ward of Burghley,
ref 1
; in privy council,
ref 1
; controls intelligence,
ref 1
; uncovers Lopez plot against Elizabeth,
ref 1
; leads expedition against Cadiz,
ref 1
; leads second attack on Spain (1597),
ref 1
; offends Elizabeth,
ref 1
; sent to Ireland as lord deputy,
ref 1
; withdraws from court,
ref 1
; returns to England from Ireland,
ref 1
; examined by special court and found guilty of contempt,
ref 1
; disgraced,
ref 1
; plans rebellion,
ref 1
; imprisons Cecil,
ref 1
; armed revolt and surrender,
ref 1
; executed,
ref 1

Essex, Sir Walter Devereux, 1st earl of,
ref 1

Eucharist,
ref 1
,
ref 2
;
see also
transubstantiation

Europe: religious wars and troubles,
ref 1

Evil May Day (1517),
ref 1

excommunication,
ref 1

Exeter: in Western Rising,
ref 1
; workhouse established (1553),
ref 1

Exeter, Henry Courtenay, marquess of,
ref 1

faith,
ref 1

Familists (Family of God),
ref 1

famine,
ref 1

fashion,
ref 1

Faunt, Nicholas,
ref 1

Felton, John,
ref 1

Fenatus (tooth drawer),
ref 1

Fenton, William,
ref 1

Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor,
ref 1

Ferdinand, archduke of Austria,
ref 1

Ferdinand, king of Aragon,
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3

Feria, Jane Dormer, duchess of,
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3

Field of Cloth of Gold (1520),
ref 1

Field, John and Thomas Wilcox:
An Admonition to the Parliament
,
ref 1

Fish, Simon:
A Supplication for the Beggars
,
ref 1

Fisher, John, bishop of Rochester: resists Henry’s demands,
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3
,
ref 4
; proposes Spanish invasion of England,
ref 1
; arrested,
ref 1
; refuses oath on Act of Succession and consigned to Tower,
ref 1
; trial and execution,
ref 1
,
ref 2

Flodden Field, battle of (1513),
ref 1
,
ref 2

Flower, Thomas,
ref 1

food and diet: changes,
ref 1

Forrest, Fra John,
ref 1

Foster, Thomas,
ref 1

Fotheringhay Castle,
ref 1
,
ref 2

Foxe, John: on killing of Hunne,
ref 1
; reports incidents of iconoclasm,
ref 1
; on Supremacy Act (1534),
ref 1
; on Katherine Parr,
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3
; on Henry’s mistrust of Gardiner,
ref 1
; on accession of Edward VI,
ref 1
; on Marian persecutions,
ref 1
; and Elizabeth’s meeting with Mary Tudor,
ref 1
; and martyrdom of Latimer,
ref 1
; recounts history of Reformation,
ref 1
; protests to Elizabeth at resumption of burnings,
ref 1
;
Book of Martyrs
,
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3
,
ref 4
,
ref 5
,
ref 6

Foxe, Richard, bishop of Winchester: as lord privy seal,
ref 1
; promotes Wolsey,
ref 1

France: Henry’s hostility to,
ref 1
,
ref 2
; Holy League formed against,
ref 1
; war declared against (1512),
ref 1
; Henry’s expedition against (1513),
ref 1
; Henry invades (1523),
ref 1
; treaties with England: (1525),
ref 1
; (1546),
ref 1
; (1572),
ref 1
; (1573),
ref 1
; Henry visits with Anne Boleyn,
ref 1
; Henry allies against with Charles V,
ref 1
,
ref 2
; alliance with Scotland,
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3
; invasion (1544),
ref 1
; renewed invasion threat from,
ref 1
; force lands at Leith (1548),
ref 1
; peace with England,
ref 1
; supports Dudley conspiracy,
ref 1
; ships attack Scarborough,
ref 1
; England declares war on (1557),
ref 1
; threatens invasion of England (1558),
ref 1
; Elizabeth seeks peace with,
ref 1
; and plots to kill Elizabeth,
ref 1
; garrison at Leith resists English,
ref 1
; rivalry with Spain,
ref 1
; troops leave Scotland,
ref 1
; wars of religion,
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3
; support for Mary Stuart,
ref 1
; seizes Hainault,
ref 1
; war against Spain in Netherlands,
ref 1
; Catholic extremism,
ref 1
; disunity,
ref 1

Francis I, king of France: accession,
ref 1
; conflicts with Charles V,
ref 1
; Wolsey negotiates with,
ref 1
; at Field of Cloth of Gold,
ref 1
; Mary Tudor betrothed to,
ref 1
; Henry and Charles V’s (1521) treaty against,
ref 1
; Henry’s alliance with,
ref 1
; delays publication of pope’s bull against Henry,
ref 1
; invasion threat to England,
ref 1
; fails to form alliance with Charles V,
ref 1
; detests Cromwell,
ref 1
; welcomes Scots’ war with England,
ref 1
; seeks peace with Henry and Charles V (1544),
ref 1

Francis II, king of France: marriage to Mary Stuart,
ref 1
; accession,
ref 1
; renounces claim to English throne,
ref 1
; death,
ref 1

friaries: destroyed,
ref 1
,
ref 2

Frobisher, Sir Martin,
ref 1

Fuller, Thomas,
ref 1
,
ref 2
;
The Church History of Britain
,
ref 1

Gardiner, Stephen, bishop of Winchester: chides pope,
ref 1
; on revolt in North,
ref 1
; Barnes preaches against,
ref 1
; campaign against heretics,
ref 1
; and accusations against Cranmer,
ref 1
; as Purveyor General to army in France,
ref 1
; favours peace over war,
ref 1
; Henry complains to of Katherine Parr’s religious reformism,
ref 1
; in Foxe’s
Book of Martyrs
,
ref 1
; investigates Katherine Parr,
ref 1
; Henry mistrusts,
ref 1
,
ref 2
; excluded from court and regency council,
ref 1
,
ref 1
; religious conservatism,
ref 1
; discounted by Edward VI,
ref 1
; protests at Edward VI’s religious reforms,
ref 1
; preaches after release from prison,
ref 1
; rearrested and confined in Tower,
ref 1
; restored under Mary Tudor,
ref 1
; as adviser to Mary Tudor,
ref 1
; interrogates Courtenay over plot,
ref 1
; urges acceptance of Philip of Spain,
ref 1
; restores Act on burning of heretics,
ref 1
; death,
ref 1
;
De Vera Obedientia
,
ref 1

Garrett, Thomas,
ref 1

‘gathered’ churches,
ref 1

Gembloux, battle of (1578),
ref 1

Gerard, Father, SJ,
ref 1

Germany: uprising (1525),
ref 1
; Henry seeks Protestant support from,
ref 1
,
ref 2

Ghent, Pacification of,
ref 1

Glass of the Truth, A
(tract),
ref 1

Glastonbury abbey,
ref 1
,
ref 2

Golden Hind
(earlier
Pelican
; ship),
ref 1

Gorges, Ferdinando,
ref 1

‘gospellers’,
ref 1

Gower, George,
ref 1

Gravelines, battle of (1588),
ref 1

Great Harry
(ship),
ref 1

Greenwich Palace,
ref 1

Gregory VII, pope: reforms,
ref 1

Grenville, Sir Richard,
ref 1

Grey, Lady Jane: background,
ref 1
; and death of Edward,
ref 1
; proclaimed queen,
ref 1
,
ref 2
; beheaded,
ref 1

Grey, Lord John,
ref 1

Grey, Lady Katherine (Countess of Hertford),
ref 1
,
ref 2

Grey, Lady Mary,
ref 1

Grindal, Edmund, archbishop of Canterbury,
ref 1
,
ref 2

Guise, Francis, duke of,
ref 1

Guise, Henry I, duke of,
ref 1
,
ref 2

Guise, house of,
ref 1
;
see also
Mary of Guise

Habsburg dynasty: dominance,
ref 1

Hackett (yeoman pretender),
ref 1

Hakluyt, Richard,
ref 1

Hall, Edward,
ref 1
,
ref 2
;
Chronicle
,
ref 1
,
ref 2

Hallam, Henry,
ref 1

Hambleton Hill,
ref 1

Hampton Court,
ref 1
,
ref 2

Hardwick House,
ref 1

Harold Harefoot,
ref 1

Harpsfield, Nicholas,
ref 1

Harridaunce, John,
ref 1

Harrington, Sir John,
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3
,
ref 4
,
ref 5

Harrison, William,
ref 1
,
ref 2
;
Description of England
,
ref 1

harvest failures: (1549),
ref 1
; (1551),
ref 1
; (1555),
ref 1
; (1586),
ref 1
; (1594–7),
ref 1

Hatfield House, Hertfordshire,
ref 1

Hatton, Sir Christopher: in Commons,
ref 1
; as favourite of Elizabeth,
ref 1
; scheme to discover North–West Passage,
ref 1
; commissions portrait of Elizabeth,
ref 1
; on prospect of Mary Stuart succeeding to English throne,
ref 1
; denounces Mary Stuart,
ref 1

Haughton, John, Carthusian prior,
ref 1

Haukes, Thomas,
ref 1

Hawkins, Sir John,
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3

Hawkins, Sir Richard:
Observations
,
ref 1

Hawkins, William,
ref 1

Heere, Lucas de:
The Family of Henry VIII: An Allegory
(painting),
ref 1

Heneage, Sir Thomas,
ref 1

Henry II, king of France: aims to recover Boulogne,
ref 1
,
ref 2
; alliance with Scotland,
ref 1
; declares war against England (1549),
ref 1
; and succession of Mary Tudor,
ref 1
; promises help to English insurgents,
ref 1
,
ref 2
; Philip declares war on,
ref 1

Henry III, king of France (
earlier
duke of Anjou): marriage negotiations with Elizabeth,
ref 1

Henry IV (of Navarre), king of France,
ref 1
,
ref 2

Henry VII, king: death and funeral,
ref 1
; supposed wish to marry Katherine of Aragon,
ref 1
; claim to throne,
ref 1
; bequest to Henry VIII,
ref 1
; challenges Church,
ref 1
; and Wolsey’s downfall,
ref 1

Henry VIII, king: accession and coronation,
ref 1
; marriage to Katherine of Aragon,
ref 1
; musicianship,
ref 1
; upbringing and education,
ref 1
; appearance,
ref 1
; sporting activities,
ref 1
; character and temperament,
ref 1
; hostility to France,
ref 1
,
ref 2
; infidelities and mistresses,
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3
,
ref 4
; inheritance,
ref 1
; pilgrimages to holy places,
ref 1
; religious faith and observance,
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3
; joins Holy League,
ref 1
; expedition against France (1513),
ref 1
; intervenes in Hunne heresy case,
ref 1
; and Henry Standish case,
ref 1
; birth of daughter Mary,
ref 1
; rivalry with French king and emperor Charles V,
ref 1
; pardons London rioters,
ref 1
; and religious controversy,
ref 1
,
ref 2
; designated Defender of the Faith (
Fidei Defensor
),
ref 1
; reads and counters Luther,
ref 1
; protects Wolsey,
ref 1
; in France for Field of Cloth of Gold,
ref 1
; renews claims to French crown,
ref 1
; meets and courts Anne Boleyn,
ref 1
,
ref 2
; and Wolsey’s failure,
ref 1
; desire for legitimate son,
ref 1
; seeks divorce from Katherine of Aragon,
ref 2
,
ref 3
,
ref 4
,
ref 5
,
ref 6
; takes over administration of country,
ref 1
; claim to spiritual supremacy,
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3
,
ref 4
; reads Fish’s
Supplication
,
ref 1
; acts against clergy,
ref 1
; recognized as supreme head of Church in England,
ref 1
; renounces Katherine of Aragon,
ref 1
; accepts submission of clergy,
ref 1
; seeks support of parliament,
ref 1
; honours and elevates Anne Boleyn,
ref 1
; visits France with Anne Boleyn,
ref 1
; as absolute ruler,
ref 2
,
ref 3
; marriage to Anne Boleyn,
ref 1
,
ref 2
; marriage to Katherine declared invalid,
ref 1
; declared supreme head of Church of England,
ref 1
; Clement VII issues bull against,
ref 1
; attends Reformation Parliament (1536),
ref 1
; on death of Katherine of Aragon,
ref 1
; stunned in fall from horse,
ref 1
; and Anne Boleyn’s infidelity and execution,
ref 1
; marries Jane Seymour,
ref 1
,
ref 2
; daughter Mary submits to,
ref 1
; succession question,
ref 1
,
ref 2
; draws up articles of faith,
ref 1
; and settlement of Pilgrimage of Grace rebellion,
ref 1
; meets Aske,
ref 1
; suppresses rebellion in North,
ref 1
; and dissolution of monasteries,
ref 1
; pope publishes Bill of Deposition against,
ref 1
; revises bishops’ statement of belief,
ref 1
; opposes unorthodox religious doctrine,
ref 1
; and son Edward,
ref 1
; ulcerous legs,
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3
; and invasion threat from continent,
ref 1
; moves from religious reform,
ref 1
,
ref 2
; marriage to and separation from Anne of Cleves,
ref 1
; and Cromwell’s downfall,
ref 1
,
ref 2
; supervises public affairs,
ref 1
; marriage to Katherine Howard,
ref 1
; progress to north,
ref 1
; informed of Katherine Howard’s infidelities,
ref 1
,
ref 2
; obesity,
ref 1
,
ref 2
; protects Cranmer against accusations of heresy,
ref 1
; final marriage to Katherine Parr,
ref 1
; and invasion of France (1544),
ref 1
; withdraws from France,
ref 1
; in family portrait,
ref 1
; deplores differences in religion,
ref 1
; and Church reform,
ref 1
; deprecates Katherine Parr’s religious reformism,
ref 1
; signs treaty of Ardres (1546),
ref 1
; pardons Katherine Parr for religious views,
ref 1
; health decline and death,
ref 1
; rages,
ref 1
; will,
ref 1
,
ref 2
; funeral,
ref 1
; in allegorical de Heere painting,
ref 1
; executions under,
ref 1
; Harpsfield on,
ref 1
;
Assertio Septem Sacramentorum
,
ref 1