Tudors (History of England Vol 2) (77 page)

Mary Boleyn
(ship),
ref 1

Mary of Guise, queen of James V of Scotland: as dowager queen of Scotland,
ref 1
,
ref 2
; death,
ref 1
; grave,
ref 1

Mary Imperial
(ship),
ref 1

Mary of Portugal,
ref 1

Mary Rose
(ship),
ref 1

Mary (Stuart), queen of Scots: birth,
ref 1
; betrothal to Edward as infant,
ref 1
; betrothal to French dauphin,
ref 1
; in hands of Henry II of France,
ref 1
; as successor to English throne,
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3
,
ref 4
,
ref 5
; as queen of France,
ref 1
; and renunciation of claim to English throne,
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3
; as threat in Scotland,
ref 1
; and death of Francis II,
ref 1
; character,
ref 1
; declines to sign treaty of Edinburgh,
ref 1
; returns to Scotland,
ref 1
; seeks meeting with Elizabeth,
ref 1
; and parliamentary debate of succession to Elizabeth,
ref 1
; marriage prospects,
ref 1
; infatuation with Darnley,
ref 1
; questions Melville about Elizabeth,
ref 1
; harries Moray in Chaseabout Raid,
ref 1
; marriage to Darnley,
ref 1
; denies Elizabeth’s title as queen,
ref 1
; marriage difficulties with Darnley,
ref 1
; and murder of Rizzio,
ref 1
; pregnancy and birth of son,
ref 1
; ostracizes Darnley,
ref 1
; and plot to murder Darnley,
ref 1
; Bothwell abducts and ravishes,
ref 1
; marriage to Bothwell,
ref 1
; pregnant by Bothwell,
ref 1
; imprisoned on Loch Leven,
ref 1
,
ref 2
; escapes,
ref 1
; miscarriage,
ref 1
; detained in England,
ref 1
; flees to England after Langside Hill defeat,
ref 1
; and inquiry into Darnley’s murder,
ref 1
; and ‘casket letters’,
ref 1
; prospective marriage to duke of Norfolk,
ref 1
,
ref 2
; confined in Tutbury Castle,
ref 1
; corresponds with Norfolk,
ref 1
; moved to Coventry in 1569 northern rebellion,
ref 1
; remains under house arrest,
ref 1
; and Ridolfi plot,
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3
; condemned by parliament,
ref 1
; on execution of Norfolk,
ref 1
; sends gift of nightcaps to Elizabeth,
ref 1
; in collusion with Spain and Italy,
ref 1
; plots and intrigues,
ref 1
; and Throgmorton,
ref 1
; in Sheffield Castle,
ref 1
; commissioners visit,
ref 1
; plan to execute in event of Elizabeth’s assassination,
ref 1
; pleads for life with Elizabeth,
ref 1
; rebukes son James,
ref 1
; returns to Tutbury Castle,
ref 1
; in Babington plot,
ref 1
; taken to Fotheringhay Castle,
ref 1
; appearance,
ref 1
; tried and found guilty,
ref 1
; Elizabeth signs death warrant,
ref 1
; told of execution plans,
ref 1
; executed,
ref 1

Mary Tudor, duchess of Suffolk (
formerly
queen of Louis XII; Henry VIII’s sister),
ref 1

Mary, Virgin: as intercessor,
ref 1

Matilda, queen of Henry I,
ref 1
,
ref 2

Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor: Henry allies with (1513),
ref 1
; death,
ref 1
; Wolsey negotiates with,
ref 1

Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor: relations with Elizabeth,
ref 1

Medina Sidonia, Don Alonso, 7th duke of,
ref 1
,
ref 2

Melanchthon, Philip,
ref 1
,
ref 2

Melville, Sir James,
ref 1
;
Memoirs
,
ref 1

Melville, Robert (
later
1st baron),
ref 1

Mendoza, Bernadino de,
ref 1

Merchant Adventurers,
ref 1
,
ref 2

Merlin the magician,
ref 1

Metsys, Quentin (attrib.): portrait of Elizabeth,
ref 1

Milan: Francis I captures,
ref 1

Milan, Christina, Duchess of,
ref 1

Mildmay, Sir Walter,
ref 1
,
ref 2

Milton, John,
ref 1

monasteries: life at,
ref 1
; visitations on,
ref 1
; shrines and relics,
ref 1
; dissolution,
ref 1
,
ref 2
; Cromwell controls,
ref 1
; despoiled and suppressed,
ref 1
,
ref 2
; lands and possessions appropriated and sold,
ref 1
; effect of dissolution on education,
ref 1
; images and relics destroyed,
ref 1
; revenues appropriated,
ref 1

monks: and dissolution of monasteries,
ref 1

monopolies,
ref 1

Montague, Henry Pole, baron,
ref 1

Moray, James Stuart, 1st earl of,
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3

More, Sir Thomas: praises Henry VIII,
ref 1
; persecutes religious heretics,
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3
; as Speaker of Lower House,
ref 1
; raids Hanseatic merchants in Steelyard,
ref 1
; succeeds Wolsey as chancellor,
ref 1
,
ref 2
; resigns as chancellor,
ref 1
; consigned to Tower and executed,
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3
; refuses oath upon Act of Succession,
ref 1
; education of daughters,
ref 1
; religious steadfastness,
ref 1
; on corruption,
ref 1
;
Utopia
,
ref 1
,
ref 2

Morice, Ralph,
ref 1

Morton, Margaret,
ref 1

Mountjoy, Charles Blount, 8th baron (
later
earl of Devonshire),
ref 1
,
ref 2

Mousehold Heath, Norwich,
ref 1

Naworth, battle of (1570),
ref 1

Necessary Doctrine and Erudition for any Christian Man, A
(the King’s Book),
ref 1

Netherlands: Spanish force in,
ref 1
; Elizabeth’s reluctance to engage in,
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3
; revolt against Spain,
ref 1
,
ref 2
; ‘Spanish fury’ in,
ref 1
; Anjou invades,
ref 1
; Walsingham proposes alliance with Protestants,
ref 1
; Elizabeth signs treaty with (1585),
ref 1
; Leicester commands in,
ref 1
; peace proposals,
ref 1

Netley Abbey,
ref 1

‘new ague’ (epidemic disease),
ref 1

New Testament: Erasmus translates,
ref 1

Newhall (manor),
ref 1

nobility: distrusts commonalty,
ref 1

Nonsuch Palace, Surrey,
ref 1
,
ref 1

Norfolk: popular rebellion (1549),
ref 1
; Elizabeth visits on progress,
ref 1

Norfolk, Thomas Howard, 2nd duke of (and earl of Surrey): granted ducal title,
ref 1
; victory at Flodden Field,
ref 1
; invades France (1522),
ref 1

Norfolk, Thomas Howard, 3rd duke of (and earl of Surrey): treats with rebels in Norfolk,
ref 1
; on Katherine of Aragon’s bearing,
ref 1
; in Henry’s service,
ref 1
; threatens Wolsey,
ref 1
; on commission into treason,
ref 1
; requests Mary agree to Henry’s conditions,
ref 1
; and resistance of monks of Hexham,
ref 1
; opposes rebellions in North,
ref 1
,
ref 2
; appropriates monastic possessions,
ref 1
; in religious controversies,
ref 1
; quarrel with Cromwell,
ref 1
; and Cromwell’s downfall,
ref 1
,
ref 1
; as senior counsellor,
ref 1
; and Katherine Howard’s marriage to Henry,
ref 1
; on Katherine Howard’s infidelities,
ref 1
; loses Henry’s favour,
ref 1
; in war against Scotland (1542),
ref 1
; plots against Cranmer,
ref 1
; downfall,
ref 1
; discounted by Edward VI,
ref 1
; in Tower during East Anglian rebellion,
ref 1
; greets Mary Tudor as queen,
ref 1
; leads forces against Wyatt rebellion,
ref 1

Norfolk, Thomas Howard, 4th duke of: and Elizabeth’s marriage prospects,
ref 1
,
ref 2
; attends inquiry into Darnley’s murder,
ref 1
; on casket letters,
ref 1
; as prospective husband for Mary Stuart,
ref 1
,
ref 2
; correspondence with Mary Stuart,
ref 1
,
ref 2
; opposes Cecil,
ref 1
; confined in Tower,
ref 1
; released from Tower,
ref 1
; supports Ridolfi plot,
ref 1
,
ref 2
; returned to Tower,
ref 1
; tried, convicted and executed,
ref 1
,
ref 2

Norris, Sir Henry,
ref 1

North, Edward, 1st baron,
ref 1

North of England: rebellions,
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3
; Henry visits (1541),
ref 1
; rising against Elizabeth (1569–70),
ref 1
;
see also
Pilgrimage of Grace

North-West Passage,
ref 1

Northampton, William Parr, 1st marquis of,
ref 1
,
ref 2

Northumberland, Henry Percy, 8th earl of,
ref 1
,
ref 2

Northumberland, John Dudley, duke of (
earlier
earl of Warwick): acquires monastic lands,
ref 1
; at Henry’s death,
ref 1
; suppresses Kett’s rebellion,
ref 1
; plots downfall of Somerset,
ref 1
; dukedom,
ref 1
; as lord president of council,
ref 1
; religious convictions,
ref 1
; encourages Edward VI,
ref 1
; administration and rule,
ref 1
; returns Boulogne to French,
ref 1
; differences with Mary Tudor,
ref 1
; Somerset opposes,
ref 1
; and disarray in kingdom,
ref 1
; and threat of rebellion,
ref 1
; and succession to Edward VI,
ref 1
; and Edward’s death,
ref 1
; attempts to prevent Mary from succeeding,
ref 1
; arrested and executed,
ref 1

Northumberland, Thomas Percy, 7th earl of,
ref 1

Norwich: in Kett’s rebellion,
ref 1

Nostradamus,
ref 1

Nottingham, Charles Howard, 1st earl of (
earlier
2nd baron Howard of Effingham): commands English fleet against Spanish Armada,
ref 1
; on sickness of seamen,
ref 1
; earldom,
ref 1
; leads attack on Spain (1597),
ref 1
; calms Essex in outburst against Elizabeth,
ref 1
; in Cecil’s court faction,
ref 1
; and Elizabeth’s ageing,
ref 1

Nun of Kent
see
Barton, Elizabeth

nuns: and dissolution of convents,
ref 1

oath: Whitgift makes compulsory,
ref 1

Orsini, Cardinal Flavio,
ref 1

Oxford: religious dissidents,
ref 1
; Elizabeth visits,
ref 1

Paget, Sir William,
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3

papist: as term of contempt,
ref 1

parish churches: design,
ref 1

parish registers: introduced,
ref 1

Parker, Matthew, archbishop of Canterbury: meets at White Horse tavern,
ref 1
; consecrated as archbishop,
ref 1
; and Elizabeth’s distaste for marriage,
ref 1
; on Elizabeth’s treatment of Mary Stuart,
ref 1
; death,
ref 1

parliament: called for 1529,
ref 2
; petition against Church,
ref 1
,
ref 2
; Henry seeks support,
ref 1
; religious opinions and discussions,
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3
,
ref 4
,
ref 5
,
ref 6
,
ref 7
,
ref 8
; supports Henry over succession,
ref 1
; Reformation (1536),
ref 1
; discusses status of Mary and Elizabeth after Anne of Boleyn’s death,
ref 1
; called (1543),
ref 1
; inaugurated with Mass sung in English (1547),
ref 1
; assembles (January 1552),
ref 1
; under Mary Tudor,
ref 1
; Pole addresses,
ref 1
; demands free speech,
ref 1
,
ref 2
; meets after Elizabeth’s coronation,
ref 1
; Elizabeth’s relations with,
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3
,
ref 4
,
ref 5
; debates succession to Elizabeth,
ref 1
; legislation under Elizabeth,
ref 1
; discusses Elizabeth’s marriage prospects,
ref 1
,
ref 2
; condemns Mary for role in Ridolfi plot,
ref 1
; legislates for Queen’s Safety,
ref 1
; votes moneys to Elizabeth,
ref 1
,
ref 2

Parma, Alexander Farnese, duke of: commands Spanish forces in Netherlands,
ref 1
,
ref 2
; awaits Spanish Armada for invasion of England,
ref 1