The Medieval English Landscape, 1000-1540 (46 page)

32
Walsham (2011a), 77.

33
Cooper (2006), 145–6; Harrison (2004), 44–9, 57, 223; Hindle (1998), esp. 20; Morriss, (2005), esp. 35–42; Albert (1972), 202; Farmer (2000), 352–7.

34
Itinerary of Leland
, I, 11, 261; Harrison (2004), 94, 97.

35
Cooper (2006), 10–23, 46–59.

36
Cooper (2006), 95; Harrison (2004), 110–12; Harrison, McKeague and Watson (2011), 45–6.

37
EHD
, IV, 724–5.

38
VCH Surrey
, III, 420.

39
Salter (1920), 154, 177; Cooper (2006), 51–2; Harrison (2004), 201– 2.

40
Webb and Webb (1913), 87–9.

41
Cook (1998), 15–17; Harrison (2004), 86, 102–9, 136–8; Schofield and Vince (2003), 35.

42
Harrison (2004), 110–45 and plate 22 for quotation; Cook (1998), 31–5.

43
EHD
, II, 1031–2, 1042–3.

44
Reynolds (1977), 98–139, 171–81; Palliser, Slater and Dennison (2000), 178.

45
West (1983), 103–17; Swanson (1999), 67–96;
VCH Leicestershire
, IV, 1–30; Dyer (2003), 104.

46
Beresford (1988), v–vii (Falmouth omitted from Beresford’s total because founded in 1613), 637–41; Butler (1976), 32.

47
Reynolds (1977), 52–6.

48
Britnell (1996), 58; Dyer (2003), 91–2.

49
Davison (1967); Clarke, Pearson, Mate and Parfitt (2010), 23–5.

50
Conzen (1968), 122–7; Goddard (2011), 31; quotation from Roberts (2008), 121.

51
Beresford (1988), 466, 517.

52
Beresford (1988), 429, 476, 502, 505; Roberts (2008), 119.

53
Itinerary of Leland
, II, 88; Aston and Bond (1976), 79–81; Goddard (2011); Beresford (1988), 479; Varey (2008), 33–4.

54
Chronicle of Battle Abbey
(1980), 7–8, 50–9; Beresford (1988), 394, 452–3, 462–5, 504.

55
Beresford (1988), 447–9, 457–9, 461, 496–8, 511–12, 515–16; Stewart-Brown (1916), 25–30;
Chronicon Monasterii de Melsa
, II (1867), 192.

56
Aston and Bond (1976), 86–97; Beresford (1988), 441, 456, 468–9, 477–8, 500; Palliser, Slater and Dennison (2000), 167–9; Rodwell (1975), 85–92, 147–54.

57
English Lawsuits from William I to Richard I
(1990–91), II, 662–4.

58
Stenton (1934), 28; Platt, (1976a), 45–8.

59
William Worcestre: the Topography of Medieval Bristol
(2000), viii, 83 (for conversion of steps to feet), 11, 21, 33, 79, 81, etc.; Platt (1976b), 53; Platt (1976a), 45, 50.

60
Inderwick (1882), 153–219; Beresford (1988), 14–28, 497–8; Butler (1976), 35.

61
Beresford (1988), 150–1, 433, 479; Butler (1976), 32–8 (accepting Butler’s reservations about two cases in Beresford’s list, originally published in 1967).

62
Beresford (1988), 157;
ASC E
, 1137, in
Anglo-Saxon Chronicle
(1953), 265. Speed’s early seventeenth-century street plan of Peterborough, showing a rectilinear market place with streets parallel and at right-angles to it immediately outside the west gate of the cathedral (formerly abbey) precincts is reproduced in Mellows (1939), frontispiece.

63
Butler (1976), 40, 45.

64
Beresford (1988), 435, 452–3, 457–9 (quotation, p. 458), 466–7, 473–4, 490, 492, 523–6; Butler (1976), 37, 39–45;
Itinerary of Leland
, II, 113–14 (where the fact that the parish church lies a mile outside the town is rightly taken to indicate that Uxbridge ‘is no very olde towne’).

65
Slater (1981); Baker (2010), 170.

66
Rodwell (1975), 19; Quiney (2003), 87; Aston and Bond (1976), 98–9; Slater (1981).

67
Jones, Stocker and Vince (2003), 204; Clarke, Pearson, Mate and Parfitt (2010), 41, 50–1.

68
Schofield and Vince (2003), 68–72.

69
Jones, Stocker and Vince (2003), 186, 226, 242–5, 262; Baker (2002), 15–18, 206–26; Keene (1976).

70
Schofield and Vince (2003), 67, 92–4.

71
London Assize of Nuisance
(1973), ix–xxxiv, 45; Pallister, Slater and Dennison (2000), 178, for the provision of this ‘necessary house’ on Queenhithe at royal expense as early as the twelfth century.

72
Quiney (2003), 90, 372, 386; Palliser, Slater and Dennison (2000), 184.

73
Quiney (2003), 161–63, 190–8.

74
Quiney (2003), 177–80; Platt (1976a), 54–9. The Norman House in Lincoln was formerly known as ‘Aaron the Jew’s House’ but this prominent resident is now known to have lived elsewhere; however the Jew’s House has been shown to have been occupied by a Jewess called Balaset in the late thirteenth century.

75
Quiney (2003), 185–6, 199–241; Grenville (1997), 179. The Bromsgrove house has been re-erected at Avoncroft Museum, Stoke Prior.

76
Quiney (2003), 192, 201–2, 207–8, 231; Bott (1993), 16–20.

77
Platt (1976a), 59–64; Grenville (1997), 181–9; Quiney (2003), 235–54; Brown (1999), esp. 164, 183–4; Baker (2010),173–4.

78
Schofield and Stell (2000), 371.

79
Brown (1999), esp. 1–13, 55–62; Grenville (1997), 180–1; Baker (2010), 76–80, 170.

80
Grenville (1997), 190–2; Schofield (2003), 55; Quiney (2003), 265–6.

81
Platt (1976a), 68–9; Dalwood and Edwards (2004), 68–73; Schofield (2003), 46, 53; Clarke, Pearson, Mate and Parfitt (2010), 180.

82
Aston and Bond (1976), 106–7; Platt (1976a), 148–56; Beresford (1988), 463–4, 479;
Itinerary of Leland
, II, 88.

83
Schofield and Vince (2003), 63–4; Parker (1971), 143–5; Newman and Pevsner (2006), 383–4; Cherry and Pevsner (2002), 401–2, 423; Pevsner and Neave (2005), 48, 194–5, 210, 216–19, 228–9.

84
Britnell (1997), 160;
Itinerary of Leland
, I, 172, V, 44; Lee (2010), 24.

85
Palliser (2000), 758–63 (by A. Dyer), based on multipliers of 1.9 for 1377 and 7.0 for 1524–25, although as is pointed out some figures may be defective.

86
Itinerary of Leland
, I, 47, IV, 114.

87
Schofield and Stell (2000), 372, 393; Dobson (2000), 277.

88
Phythian-Adams (1979), esp. 35–6, 63, 198, 283;
Itinerary of Leland
, II, 108;
Records of the City of Norwich
(1906–10), II, 105, 122.

89
Palliser (2000), 758–63, where (using A. Dyer’s maximum suggested multipliers of 7 and 1.9, an increase for Canterbury of c. 4890 to c. 5490 is implied; Britnell (1986), 202, 266.

90
Hare (2009); Dyer (2003), 111; Baker (2010), 161.

91
Beresford (1988), 290–315, 463–5, 475, 513–14;
Chronicon Monasterii de Melsa
, III (1868), 16, 79.

92
Dobson (2000), 318, 332; Palliser (2000), 755–67; for Lavenham’s protest in 1525, see e.g. Phythian-Adams (1979), 63.

93
Itinerary of Leland
, I, 129, IV, 16, V, 41; Lee (2010), 12–14, 24.

94
Bailey (1993).

95
Schofield and Stell (2000), 377; Palliser, Slater and Dennison (2000), 178;
VCH Staffordshire
, XIV, 15; Dyer (2003), 113; Phythian-Adams (1979), 61–2.

1
E.g. Barlow (1983), 110–18 (on William Rufus’s attitude to Christianity) and Blair (2005), 476–89, Walsham (2011), 18–79 (on popular blendings of folklore with religious observance).

2
Lawrence (1989), 1–11; Devlin (1984).

3
Warren (1985), 8, 37, where a distinction is drawn between hermits who ‘were free to move about’ and anchorites who ‘took vows of permanent stability’; McEvoy (2011).

4
The Rule of St Benedict
(1984), 44, 66, 84.

5
Knowles and Hadcock (1971), 52–8, 253–5.

6
Knowles (1950), 31–56; Knowles and Hadcock (1971), 52–82, 251–69.

7
Bond (2001), 88–136.

8
Knowles (1950), 105–32; Knowles and Hadcock (1971), 57–9, 76, 258; Butler and Given-Wilson (1979), 37.

9
Knowles and Hadcock (1971), 53–4, 489, 493.

10
Fernie (2002), 19–26, 153–4.

11
Verey and Brooks (2002), 403–6, 713–18; Fernie (2002), 148–52, 160–5.

12
Monastic Constitutions of Lanfranc
(2002).

13
Knowles and Hadcock (1971), 96–103; Burton (1994), 36–9; Pinnell (2009), 12–13.

14
EHD
, II, 738–42.

15
Knowles (1959), 220–1.

16
Robinson (2002); Thompson (2001), 51–5.

17
Orderic Vitalis: Ecclesiastical History
, IV (1973), 326–7.

18
Knowles (1979), 35–7; Coppack (1993), 74; Greene (1994), 104; Hoey (1995); Fergusson, Coppack and Harrison (2006).

19
Knowles and Hadcock (1971), 133–6; Coppack and Aston (2002).

20
Blair (2005), 361.

21
Burton (1994), 45–56; Dickinson (1950), 98–108.

22
Fernie (2002), 188; Pevsner and Hyde (2010), 222–6.

23
Greene (1989), esp. 1–22, 73–157.

24
Knowles and Hadcock (1971), 137–82, 489–90.

25
Pevsner and Neave (2002), 342–6; Rogan (2000), 15–51; Clifton-Taylor (1986), 271–3.

26
EHD
, III, 651–2.

27
Greene (1992), 28–9; Knowles and Hadcock (1971), 183–93; Platt (1984), 60, 188–91; Hartwell and Pevsner (2009), 249–51; Higham (2004), 210.

28
Barber and Bate (2002), 1–23; Aston (2000), 121–2; Knowles and Hadcock (1971), 290–309.

29
Knowles and Hadcock (1971), 493.

30
Greene (1992), 29–30; Aston (2000), 94–5; Golding (1995), esp. 191–262.

31
Scott (2001), 150–60; Gilchrist (1994), 114, 121–7; Fernie (2002), 172–8.

32
Platt (1969), 16–75; Coppack (2000), 95–121; Aston (2000), 128–31.

33
Platt (1969), esp. 16–75, 138–245; Butler and Given-Wilson (1979), 37; Coppack (2000), 95–121; Aston (2000), 128–31, 144–9.

34
Hatcher and Bailey (2001), 29–30.

35
Binski (1995), 10–51.

36
Carpenter (2010), 32–3.

37
Knowles and Hadcock (1971), 212–50 (short-lived foundations have been omitted from the calculations);
EHD
, IV, 995–7.

38
VCH: Cambridgeshire
, II, 275.

39
Geoffrey Chaucer: The Canterbury Tales, a Verse Translation
(2008), 263.

40
Knowles and Hadcock (1971), 230–1; Knowles (1948), 78–84; Knowles (1959), 206–11.

41
Visitations of Religious Houses
, II (1918), 16, 33, 54–60, 150. The reference to the regrowth of stumps is an indication of the woodland management practice of coppicing, on which see
Chapter 2
, pp. 42–3.