Rome: An Empire's Story (57 page)

3.
Canepa,
The Two Eyes of the Earth
, 45.

4.
Christopher Kelly,
Attila the Hun: Barbarian Terror and the Fall of the Roman Empire
(London: The Bodley Head, 2008); Roger Batty,
Rome and the Nomads: The Pontic-Danubian Realm in Antiquity
(Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007).

5.
Roger Blockley,
The Fragmentary Classicising Historians of the Later Roman Empire: Eunapius, Olympiodorus, Priscus and Malchus
, 2 vols. (Liverpool: Francis Cairns, 1981–3).

6.
Swain,
Hellenism and Empire
.

7.
Ewan Bowie, ‘The Greeks and their Past in the Second Sophistic’,
Past and Present
, 46 (1970); Philip A. Stadter,
Arrian of Nicomedia
(Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press, 1980); Fergus Millar,
A Study of Cassius Dio
(Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1964); G. J. D. Aalders, ‘Cassius Dio and the Greek World’,
Mnemosyne
, 39/3–4 (1986).

8.
Graeme Clarke (ed.),
Reading the Past in Late Antiquity
(Rushcutters Bay, NSW: Australian National University Press, 1990); Roger Rees (ed.),
Romane memento: Vergil in the Fourth Century
(London: Duckworth, 2003); Gavin Kelly,
Ammianus Marcellinus: The Allusive Historian
(Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2008).

9.
John F. Matthews,
Western Aristocracies and Imperial Court, A.D. 364–425
(Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1975).

10.
Simon Corcoran,
Empire of the Tetrarchs: Imperial Pronouncements and Government,
AD
284–324
(Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1996).

11.
A. H. M. Jones,
The Later Roman Empire, 284–602
, 2 vols. (Oxford: Blackwell Publishers, 1964).

12.
Christopher Kelly,
Ruling the Later Roman Empire
(Cambridge, Mass.: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2004).

13.
Ramsay MacMullen,
Corruption and the Decline of Rome
(New Haven: Yale University Press, 1988).

14.
Garnsey and Humfress,
The Evolution of the Late Antique World
, 9–51.

15.
Sabine MacCormack,
Art and Ceremony in Late Antiquity
, Transformation of the Classical Heritage (Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1981).

16.
Julian,
Caesars
315A.

17.
Wallace-Hadrill, ‘Civilis princeps’.

18.
Michael McCormick,
Eternal Victory: Triumphal Rulership in Late Antiquity, Byzantium and the Early Medieval West
, Past and Present Publications (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1986).

19.
W. Liebeschuetz,
The Decline and Fall of the Roman City
(Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001).

20.
Jill Harries and Ian Wood (eds.),
The Theodosian Code: Studies in the Imperial Law of Late Antiquity
(London: Duckworth, 1993); John F. Matthews,
Laying down the Law: A Study of the Theodosian Code
(New Haven: Yale University Press, 2000).

21.
Peter Heather,
Goths and Romans 332–489
(Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1991); Hugh Elton,
Warfare in Roman Europe, AD 350–425
(Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1996). Kulikowski,
Rome’s Gothic Wars from the Third Century to Alaric
.

22.
Drinkwater,
The Alamanni and Rome 213–496
.

23.
Edith Mary Wightman,
Roman Trier and the Treveri
(London: Hart-Davis, 1970).

24.
John Drinkwater and Hugh Elton (eds.),
Fifth Century Gaul: A Crisis of Identity
(Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992).

25.
Raymond Van Dam,
Leadership and Community in Late Antique Gaul
, Transformation of the Classical Heritage (Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1985).

26.
Jill Harries,
Sidonius Apollinaris and the Fall of Rome, AD 407–485
(Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1994).

27.
Christian Courtois,
Les Vandales et l’Afrique
(Paris: Arts et Métiers Graphiques, 1955).

28.
Julia M. H. Smith,
Europe after Rome: A New Cultural History, 500–1000
(Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005).

29.
Chris Wickham, ‘The Other Transition: From the Ancient World to Feudalism’,
Past and Present
, 103 (1984).

30.
Peter Heather, ‘Cassiodorus and the Rise of the Amals: Genealogy and the Goths under Hun Domination’,
Journal of Roman Studies
, 79 (1989).

31.
Peter H. Sawyer and Ian Wood (eds.),
Early Medieval Kingship
(Leeds: The School of History, University of Leeds, 1977).

CHAPTER 16

1.
Steven Mithen and Pascal Boyer, ‘Anthropomorphism and the Evolution of Cognition’,
Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute
, 2/4 (1996); Stewart E. Guthrie, ‘Anthropological Theories of Religion’, in Michael Martin (ed.),
Cambridge Companion to Atheism
(Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007).

2.
Arthur Darby Nock,
Conversion: The Old and the New in Religion from Alexander the Great to Augustine of Hippo
(Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1933).

3.
Wilfred Cantwell Smith,
The Meaning and End of Religion: A New Approach to the Religious Traditions of Mankind
, Mentor Books (New York: New American Library, 1964); Jonathon Z. Smith,
Drudgery Divine: On the Comparison of Early Christianities and the Religions of Late Antiquity
(Chicago: Chicago University Press, 1990); Talad Asad,
Genealogies of Religion: Discipline and Reasons of Power in Christianity and Islam
(Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1993); Tomoko Masuzawa,
The Invention of World Religions: Or, How European Universalism was Preserved in the Language of Pluralism
(Chicago: Chicago University Press, 2005).

4.
John North, ‘The Development of Religious Pluralism’, in Judith Lieu, John North, and Tessa Rajak (eds.),
The Jews among Pagans and Christians in the Roman Empire
(London: Routledge, 1992); John North, ‘Pagan Ritual and Monotheism’, in Stephen Mitchell and Peter van Nuffelen (eds.),
One God: Pagan Monotheism in the Roman Empire
(Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010).

5.
MacMullen,
Paganism in the Roman Empire
.

6.
Walter Burkert,
Ancient Mystery Cults
, Carl Newell Jackson Lectures (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1987).

7.
Jas Elsner and Ian Rutherford (eds.),
Pilgrimage in Graeco-Roman and Early Christian Antiquity: Seeing the Gods
(Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005).

8.
H. S. Versnel,
Inconsistencies in Greek and Roman Religion 1: Ter unus: Isis, Dionysos, Hermes; Three Studies in Henotheism
, Studies in Greek and Roman Religion (Leiden: Brill, 1990); John North, ‘Pagans, Polytheists and the Pendulum’, in William Vernon Harris (ed.),
The Spread of Christianity in the First Four Centuries: Essays in Explanation
, Columbia Studies in the Classical Tradition (Leiden: Brill, 2005).

9.
Mitchell and van Nuffelen (eds.),
One God
.

10.
Luke 9: 59–62.

11.
Paul, Letter to the Galatians, 5: 28.

12.
Wayne A. Meeks,
The First Urban Christians: The Social World of the Apostle Paul
(New Haven: Yale University Press, 1983); Keith Hopkins, ‘Christian Number and its Implications’,
Journal of Early Christian Studies
, 6/2 (1998); Judith Lieu,
Christian Identity in the Jewish and Graeco-Roman World
(Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004).

13.
Daniel Boyarin,
Border Lines: The Partition of Judaeo-Christianity
, Divinations: Rereading Late Antique Religion (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2004).

14.
Averil Cameron, ‘How to Read Heresiology’,
Journal of Medieval and Early Modern Studies
, 33/3 (2003).

15.
Rives, ‘The Decree of Decius and the Religion of Empire’.

16.
Olivier Hekster,
Commodus: An Emperor at the Crossroads
, Dutch Monographs on Ancient History and Archaeology (Amsterdam: J. C. Gieben, 2002).

17.
John Curran,
Pagan City and Christian Capital: Rome in the Fourth Century
, Oxford Classical Monographs (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 2000).

18.
T. D. Barnes, ‘Constantine and the Christians of Persia’,
Journal of Roman Studies
, 75 (1985).

19.
W. Liebeschuetz,
Antioch: City and Imperial Administration in the Later Roman Empire
(Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1972); Isabella Sandwell,
Religious Identity in Late Antiquity: Greeks, Jews, and Christians in Antioch
, Greek Culture in the Roman World (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007).

20.
Michele Renee Salzman,
The Making of a Christian Aristocracy: Social and Religious Change in the Western Roman Empire
(Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2004); Alan Cameron,
The Last Pagans of Rome
(New York: Oxford University Press, 2011).

21.
Glen Bowersock,
Hellenism in Late Antiquity
, Thomas Spenser Jerome Lectures (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990).

CHAPTER 17

1.
Joseph A. Tainter,
The Collapse of Complex Societies
(Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988); Norman Yoffee and George L. Cowgill (eds.),
The Collapse of Ancient States and Civilizations
(Tucson, Ariz.: University of Arizona Press, 1988); Mario Liverani, ‘The Fall of the Assyrian Empire: Ancient and Modern Interpretations’, in Alcock et al. (eds.),
Empires
; Jared M. Diamond,
Collapse: How Societies Choose to Fail or Survive
(London: Allen Lane, 2005).

2.
Glen Bowersock, ‘The Dissolution of the Roman Empire’, in Yoffee and Cowgill (eds.),
The Collapse of Ancient States and Civilizations
.

3.
S. J. B. Barnish, ‘Transformation and Survival in the Western Senatorial Aristocracy,
c
.
A.D
. 400–700’,
Papers of the British School at Rome
, 56 (1988); Chris Wickham,
Early Medieval Italy: Central Power and Local Society 400–1000
(London: Macmillan, 1981).

4.
James J. O’Donnell,
Cassiodorus
(Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1979).

5.
Walter Goffart,
Barbarians and Romans, A.D. 418–584: The Techniques of Accommodation
(Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1980).

6.
Averil Cameron,
Procopius and the Sixth Century
(London: Duckworth, 1985).

7.
Michael Maas,
John Lydus and the Roman Past: Antiquarianism and Politics in the Age of Justinian
(London: Routledge, 1992).

8.
John F. Haldon,
Byzantium in the Seventh Century: The Transformation of a Culture
, rev. edn. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997).

9.
Cameron, ‘The Construction of Court Ritual’.

10.
Judith Herrin,
The Formation of Christendom
(Oxford: Blackwell Publishers, 1987).

11.
McNeill,
Plagues and Peoples
.

12.
Roger Bagnall,
Egypt in Late Antiquity
(Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1993).

13.
Tainter,
The Collapse of Complex Societies
.

14.
Gilbert Dagron,
Emperor and Priest: The Imperial Office in Byzantium
(Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003).

15.
Edmund Thomas,
Monumentality and the Roman Empire: Architecture in the Antonine Age
(New York: Oxford University Press, 2007).

16.
Veyne,
Le Pain et le cirque
; Vivian Nutton, ‘The Beneficial Ideology’, in Garnsey and Whittaker (eds.),
Imperialism in the Ancient World
; Zuiderhoek,
The Politics of Munificence in the Roman Empire
.

17.
Bryan Ward-Perkins,
From Classical Antiquity to the Middle Ages: Urban Public Building in Northern and Central Italy AD 300–850
, Oxford Historical Monographs (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1984).