Render Unto Rome (66 page)

17.
McDaid was not alone in his attitude about the sex education films. In 1988, when I interviewed people at St. Luke Institute, the films had stirred a minor controversy; the hospital director refused to let me view the films. The late Reverend Michael Peterson, M.D., the hospital founder, was emphatic about their benefits. So were staffers. See Jason Berry,
Lead Us Not into Temptation
(New York, 1992), p. 202.

18.
Richard Owen, “Archbishop of Vienna Accuses One of Pope’s Closest Aides of Abuse Cover-up,”
Times
(London), May 10, 2010.

19.
On the Groër scandal and Vatican response, see Berry and Renner,
Vows of Silence
, pp. 227–32.

20.
George Weigel,
Witness to Hope: The Biography of Pope John Paul II
(New York, 1999), p. 282.

21.
Conde and Murray,
The Legion of Christ
, p. 269.

22.
Torres Robles,
La prodigiosa aventura de los Legionarios de Cristo
, p. 60.

23.
Jose de Cordoba, “With Elite Backing, Catholic Order Has Pull in Mexico,”
Wall Street Journal
, January 23, 2006.

24.
Brian J. Lowney, “The Mystery in Rhode Island,”
Rhode Island Catholic
, July 30, 2009.

25.
Objection of Mary Lou Dauray to Motions to Quash,
In Re: Estate of Gabrielle D. Mee
, no. 20090029, Probate Court, the Town of Smithfield, State of Rhode Island, Providence, SC, July 31, 2009.

26.
Dave Altimari, “Will Has Heir of Secrecy: Legionaries of Christ,”
Hartford Courant
, June 28, 2009.

27.
Ibid.

28.
Estate of Gabrielle D. Mee (A/K/A Gabrielle Malvina Mee)
, no. 20090029, Probate Court, the Town of Smithfield, State of Rhode Island, Providence, SC, 2008.

29.
John L. Allen Jr.,
Opus Dei: An Objective Look Behind the Myths and Reality of the Most Controversial Force in the Catholic Church
(New York, 2007), pp. 6–7.

30.
Enrique Krauze,
Mexico: Biography of Power: A History of Modern Mexico, 1810–1996
(New York, 1997), p. 663.

31.
Anthony DePalma, “As the Rules Change in Mexico, He’s a Quick Study,”
New York Times
, December 4, 1994.

32.
My first interview with Roberta Garza was in Houston in 2002, on background, with continuing conversations and interviews on research trips to Mexico City over the next eight years. In 2010 she agreed to speak on the record. See also Jason Berry, “How Fr. Maciel Built His Empire, Part 2,”
National Catholic Reporter
, April 12, 2010.

33.
Jose de Cordoba, “With Elite Backing, a Catholic Order Has Pull in Mexico.”

34.
“Fr. Luis Garza, LC, on the Choice for a Friendship,” International Resources Testimonies—Legionaries, part 17 in a series on life as a priest, no byline given, January 21, 2010,
www.regnumchristi.org
.

35.
Fernando M. González,
La iglesia del silencio: De mártires y pederastas
(Mexico City, 2009), p. 279. See also Alma Guillermoprieto, “The Mission of Father Maciel,”
New York Review of Books
, June 24, 2010.

36.
For background on Cotija and Maciel’s childhood, see Conde and Murray,
The Legion of Christ: A History
, pp. 14–15. The book is hardly authentic history; however, it reflects how the Legion presented itself as late as 2004. Juan Vaca, who filed the earliest allegations of abuse against Maciel, said that Maciel’s father viewed him as “a sissy boy.” Berry and Renner,
Vows of Silence
, profiles his victims. For a detailed biography, see Fernando M. González,
Marcial Maciel: Los Legionarios de Cristo: testimonios y documentos inéditos
(Mexico City, 2006).

37.
Julia Preston and Samuel Dillon,
Opening Mexico: The Making of a Democracy
(New York, 2004), p. 45.

38.
Carlos Fuentes,
The Buried Mirror: Reflections on Spain and the New World
(New York, 1992), p. 286.

39.
Preston and Dillon,
Opening Mexico
, p. 47.

40.
Pete Hamill, “The Casosola Archive,” in
Mexico: The Revolution and Beyond; Photographs by Agustín Victor Casasola 1900–1940
, ed. Pablo Ortiz Monasterio (New York, 2003), p. 18.

41.
Berry and Renner,
Vows of Silence
, p. 148.

42.
Michael J. Gonzalez,
The Mexican Revolution: 1910–1940
(Albuquerque, NM, 2002), p. 211. Discussion on bishops in San Antonio is from Dr. Matthew Butler, University of Texas, Austin, telephone interview with the author, February 3, 2010.

43.
Jean Meyer,
The Cristero Rebellion: The Mexican People Between Church and State, 1926–1929
(Cambridge, UK, 1976), p. 114.

44.
Ibid.

45.
González,
La iglesia del silencio
, pp. 53–55.

46.
Carlos Monsiváis,
Mexican Postcards
(New York, 2000), p. 132.

47.
Graham Greene,
Another Mexico
(New York, 1967), p. 105.

48.
Berry and Renner,
Vows of Silence
, p. 158.

49.
Barba teaches at Instituto Tecnológico Autónomo de México in Mexico City.

50.
Torres Robles,
La prodigiosa aventura de los Legionarios de Cristo
, p. 20; González,
Marcial Maciel
, p. 126.

51.
Vows of Silence
(2008), produced by Jason Berry. See
www.vowsofsilencefilm.com
.

52.
Gerald Renner and Jason Berry, “Head of Worldwide Catholic Order Accused of History of Abuse,”
Hartford Courant
, February 23, 1997.

53.
Torres, Robles,
La prodigiosa aventura de los Legionarios de Cristo
, pp. 27–28.

54.
Berry and Renner,
Vows of Silence
, p. 1.

55.
Renner and Berry, “Head of Worldwide Catholic Order Accused of History of Abuse.”

56.
Jason Berry, “Vatican Investigates Legionaries of Christ,”
GlobalPost.com
, posted July 19, 2009.

57.
Editorial, “Can Synod Survive Vatican Manipulation?”
National Catholic Reporter
, November 7, 1997.

58.
On Neuhaus’s career, see Damon Linker,
Theocons
(New York, 2006).

59.
Richard John Neuhaus,
Appointment in Rome: The Church in America Awakening
(New York, 1999), pp. 2, 39.

60.
Ibid., p. 110.

61.
Berry and Renner,
Vows of Silence
, p. 214.

62.
Jonathan Kwitny,
Man of the Century: The Life and Times of Pope John Paul II
(New York, 1997), p. 452.

63.
Former Legionary Jack Keogh, who toured the chapel with his mother, describes the frescoes in
Driving Straight on Crooked Lines
, p. 269.

64.
Cardinal Stanislaw Dziwisz, in Conversation with Gian Franco Svidercoschi,
A Life with Karol: My Forty-Year Friendship with the Man Who Became Pope
(New York, 2008), p. 85.

65.
Jason Berry, “Money Paved the Way for Maciel’s Influence in the Vatican,”
National Catholic Reporter
, April 6, 2010.

66.
Ibid.

67.
Andrea Insunza and Javier Ortega,
Legionarios de Cristo en Chile: Dios, dinero y poder
(Santiago, Chile, 2008), p. 39.

68.
Ibid., p. 41.

69.
Mario Guarino,
I mercanti del Vaticano
(Milan, 2008), p. 253. Alessandro Sodano has since died.

70.
Laurie Goodstein, “Vatican Declined to Defrock U.S. Priest Who Abused Boys,”
New York Times
, March 24, 2010; “The Failed Papacy of Benedict XVI,”
Spiegel Online International
, April 6, 2010; Paddy Agnew, “Vatican Hits Back Again at Criticism over Child Sex Abuse,”
Irish Times
, April 8, 2010.

71.
Berry and Renner,
Vows of Silence
, p. 218.

72.
Berry, “Money Paved the Way for Maciel’s Influence in the Vatican.”

73.
José Martínez de Velasco,
Los documentos secretos de los Legionarios de Cristo
(Barcelona, 2004), pp. 65–66.

74.
Ibid., On Ruiz, see Krauze,
Mexico: Biography of Power
, pp. 784–85.

75.
A report citing many of the files can be accessed on
www.regainnetwork.org
.

76.
Jason Berry and Gerald Renner, “Sex-Related Case Blocked in Vatican,”
National Catholic Reporter
, December 7, 2001.

77.
Richard John Neuhaus, “Feathers of a Scandal,”
First Things
, March 2002.

78.
Brian Ross, ABC News,
World News Tonight
, April 26, 2002.

79.
Jason Berry, “Cracks in the Wall of the Curia,” Examining the Crisis,
National Catholic Reporter
, May 20, 2004.

80.
John L. Allen Jr., “The Word from Rome,”
National Catholic Reporter
, December 3, 2004.

81.
Gerald Renner, “Vatican Revisits Abuse Charges,”
Hartford Courant
, January 3, 2005.

82.
“Cardinal Ratzinger’s Meditations for Way of the Cross,”
Zenit.org
, March 24, 2005; Robert Blair Kaiser,
A Church in Search of Itself: Benedict XVI and the Battle for the Future
(New York, 2006), p. 206.

83.
John L. Allen Jr., “New Legionaries Intrigue: Statement on Maciel Not Issued by Agency Responsible for Sex Abuse Cases,”
National Catholic Reporter
, May 25, 2005.

84.
Andy Wooden, “Vatican Says Legionaries’ Founder Cannot Exercise Ministry Publicly,”
Catholic News Service
, May 19, 2006.

85.
Daniela Deane, “Outspoken Ex-Priest Sued Over Documents”;
The Legion of Christ, Inc. v. Regain, Inc. and John Paul Lennon
, Circuit Court, City of Alexandria, VA, CL 07002920.

86.
Idoia Sota and José M. Vidal, “El legionario que murió cuatro veces y no quiso confesarse,”
El Mundo
, January 31, 2010. Although the article mixes opinion and some ornate prose, the Legion has not disputed the essence of the reporting.

CHAPTER 8
:
BORRÉ IN ROME

  1.
Darío Cardinal Castrillón Hoyos, Letter from Congregation of [sic] the Clergy: U.S. Bishops Wrongly Invoke Canon 123, Save Our Parish Community project,
www.futurechurch.org
, March 2006.

  2.
Eileen Markey, “Attempt to Destroy a Faith Community,”
National Catholic Reporter
, February 28, 2007.

  3.
Elizabeth Hamilton and Eric Rich, “Egan Protected Abusive Priests,”
Hartford Courant
, March 17, 2002.

  4.
David Gibson, “The Cardinal’s Sins,”
New York
, January 28, 2007.

  5.
Michael Powell, “At 75, a Battle-Tested but Unwavering Cardinal,”
New York Times
, April 23, 2007.

  6.
Grant Gallicho, “Cardinal Egan Paints Himself an Unhappy Ending,”
New York Observer
, June 26, 2007.

  7.
Monsignor Brian Ferme, dean of the canon law faculty at Pontifical Lateran University, Rome, interview with the author, November 27, 2002. See also Jason Berry and Gerald Renner,
Vows of Silence: The Abuse of Power in the Papacy of John Paul II
(New York, 2004), p. 102.

CHAPTER 9
:
SECRECY AND LAMENTATIONS

  1.
Jerry Pockar, “Clergy Crisis Forecast,”
Catholic Universe Bulletin
(Diocese of Cleveland), November 8, 1991. See also a longer report by Sister Maureen Haggarty, CSJ, “Priesthood in Peril,” June 22, 1990.

  2.
www.futurechurch.org
.

  3.
W. A. Jurgens,
A History of the Diocese of Cleveland
, vol. 1,
The Prehistory of the Diocese to Its Establishment in 1847
(Cleveland, 1980), pp. 203, 565.

  4.
Ibid., p. 581.

  5.
Carol Poh Miller and Robert A. Wheeler,
Cleveland: A Concise History, 1796–1996
(Bloomington, IN, 1997), pp. 81–82.