Madrigals Magic Key to Spanish (86 page)
Read Madrigals Magic Key to Spanish Online
Authors: Margarita Madrigal
Tags: #Reference, #Language Arts & Disciplines
C
| 1 | 2 |
| Hemos vendido ( We have sold ) | la casa |
 Han estudiado (They have studied ) | español |
| Hemos viaj do | mucho |
| Han vivido | en Venezuela |
| Hemos ofendido | a Carlos |
| Han estado ( They have been ) | ocupados |
| Hemos tomado ( We have had ) | la cena |
| Han visto | la comedia |
| Hemos terminado | el trabajo |
| Han viajado | mucho |
Translate the following sentences into Spanish. Write out each sentence in Spanish, using the columns above as a guide. Check your sentences with the correct translations below this exercise.
- I have studied the lesson.
- I have finished the composition.
- I have traveled a lot (much).
- I have worked in the office.
- I have answered the phone.
- I have written the letter.
- I have seen Robert.
- I have sent the cable.
- I have fished in Cuba.
- I have lived in Guatemala.
- I have sold the house.
- Have you deposited the money?
- Have you studied Spanish?
- Have you sent the cable?
- Have you worked today?
- Have you seen Robert lately?
- Have you read the book?
- We have sold the house.
- We have traveled a lot (much).
- We have had dinner.
- We have finished the work.
- They have studied Spanish.
- They have been busy.
- They have been in Venezuela.
Check your sentences with the translations below.
- He estudiado la lección.
- He terminado la composición.
- He viajado mucho.
- He trabajado en el despacho.
- He contestado el teléfono.
- He escrito la carta.
- He visto a Roberto.
- He mandado el cable.
- He pescado en Cuba.
- He vivido en Guatemala.
- He vendido la casa.
- ¿Ha depositado el dinero?
- ¿Ha estudiado español?
- ¿Ha mandado el cable?
- ¿Ha trabajado hoy?
- ¿Ha visto a Roberto últimamente?
- ¿Ha leído el libro?
- Hemos vendido la casa.
- Hemos viajado mucho.
- Hemos tornado la cena.
- Hemos terminado el trabajo.
- Han estudiado español.
- Han estado ocupados.
- Han estado en Venezuela.
The past participle is
used as an adjective in Spanish.
| EXAMPLE : | he educado, I have educated |
| | un hombre educado, an educated man |
When the past participle is used as an adjective it has the masculine, feminine, singular, and plural endings as adjectives do.
un hombre educado,
an educated man
una mujer educada,
an educated woman
hombres educados,
educated men
mujeres educadas,
educated women
Adjectives must agree with nouns in gender and number.
EXAMPLES
:
la leche evaporada,
the evaporated milk
la leche condensada,
the condensed milk
la tierra cultivada,
the cultivated earth
una colonia explorada,
an explored colony
el papel perforado,
the perforated paper
el programa variado,
the varied program
los hombres educados,
the educated men
los cuartos ventilados,
the ventilated rooms
“He estado” is used with the present participle in the following manner:
he estado estudiando,
I have been studying
he estado cantando,
I have been singing
he estado trabajando,
I have been working
he estado bailando,
I have been dancing
he estado vendiendo,
I have been selling
he estado aprendiendo,
I have been learning
Don’t forget that “ing” equals “ando” (for “ar” verbs), “iendo” (for “er” and “ir” verbs).
mandando,
sending
escribiendo,
writing
| ahora, now | fácil, easy | hasta, until |
| hoy, today | difícil, difficult | mientras, while |
| aprisa, fast | cada, each todaví, yet, still | entonces, then |
Todavía no he terminado.
I haven’t finished yet.
| | AR VERBS |
| He ( I have ) | trabajado mucho estudiado español terminado el trabajo |
 ¿Ha( Have you? ) | contestado la carta |
| | ER AND IR VERBS |
| Hemos ( We have ) | vivido en Cuba recibido la carta |
| Han ( They have ) | vendido la casa (Irr.) visto ( seen ) a Luis (Irr.) escrito un libro |
Copy the above material onto a card. Carry the card with you and glance at it whenever you get a chance.
la bicicleta
here are some verbs in Spanish that are regular when you pronounce them but that have irregularities in spelling when you write them. The only purpose of the irregularities in spelling is to keep the verbs regular in their pronunciation.
