Machines of Loving Grace (52 page)

  
9
.
   
Levy,
Hackers,
130.

10
.
   
Lee Felsenstein, “The Golemic Approach,” LeeFelsenstein.com, http://www.leefelsenstein.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/Golemic_Approach_MS.pdf.

11
.
   
Ibid., 4.

12
.
   
Evgeny Morozov, “Making It,”
New Yorker,
January 13, 2014, http://www.newyorker.com/arts/critics/atlarge/2014/01/13/140113crat_atlarge_morozov?printable=true¤tPage=all.

13
.
   
“Lee Felsenstein and the Convivial Computer,”
Convivial Tools,
July 23, 2007, http://www.conviviality.ouvaton.org/spip.php?article39.

14
.
   
Lee Felsenstein, “The Tom Swift Terminal; or, A Convivial Cybernetic Device,” LeeFelsenstein.com, http://www.leefelsenstein.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/TST_scan_150.pdf.

15
.
   
Dennis Liu, “Office 2010: The Movie,” YouTube, July 9, 2009, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VUawhjxLS2I.

16
.
   
Steven Sinofsky, “PM at Microsoft,” Steven Sinofsky’s Microsoft TechTalk, December 16, 2005, http://blogs.msdn.com/b/techtalk/archive/2005/12/16/504872.aspx.

17
.
   
“The Lumiere project: The Origins and Science Behind Microsoft’s Office Assistant,”
Robotics Zeitgeist,
2009, http://robotzeitgeist.com/2009/08/lumiere-project-origins-and-science.html.

18
.
   
Lexi Krock, “The Final Eight Minutes,” Nova, WGBH, October 17, 2006, http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/space/final-eight-minutes.html.

19
.
   
Jessica Marshall, “Victory for Crowdsourced Biomolecule
Design,”
Nature,
January 22, 2012, http://www.nature.com/news/victory-for-crowdsourced-biomolecule-design-1.9872.

20
.
   
Sherry Turkle,
Alone Together: Why We Expect More from Technology and Less from Each Other
(New York: Basic Books, 2011), 101.

21
.
   
Miriam Steffens, “Slaves That Are Reflections of Ourselves,”
Sydney Morning Herald,
November 19, 2012, http://www.smh.com.au/small-business/growing/slaves-that-are-reflections-of-ourselves-20121118-29k63.html.

22
.
   
Daniel Crevier,
AI: The Tumultuous History of the Search for Artificial Intelligence
(New York: Basic Books, 1993), 58.

23
.
   
Ken Jennings, “My Puny Human Brain,”
Slate,
February 16, 2011.

  
1
.
   
Stuart Nathan, “Marc Raibert of Boston Dynamics,”
Engineer,
February, 22, 2010, http://www.theengineer.co.uk/in-depth/interviews/marc-raibert-of-boston-dynamics/1001065.article#ixzz2pevPQoYI.

  
2
.
   
Public Information Office, “Fact Sheet on ‘Simon,’” Columbia University, May 18, 1950, http://www.blinkenlights.com/classiccmp/berkeley/simonfaq.html.

  
3
.
   
Ivan E.
Sutherland, letter to Grey Walter, November 10, 1957, http://cyberneticzoo.com/cyberneticanimals/1956-mechanical-animal-willian-robert-bert-sutherland-ivan-e-sutherland-american.

  
4
.
   
Daniel Lovering, “Radioactive Robot: The Machines That Cleaned Up Three Mile Island,”
Scientific American,
March 27, 2009, http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/three-mile-island-robots.

  
5
.
   
John Markoff, “The Creature That Lives in Pittsburgh,”
New York Times,
April 21, 1991, http://www.nytimes.com/1991/04/21/business/the-creature-that-lives-in-pittsburgh.html?src=pm&pagewanted=3&pagewanted=all.

  
6
.
   
Marvin Minsky, “Telepresence: A Manifesto,”
IEEE Spectrum,
August 31, 2010, http://spectrum.ieee.org/robotics/artificial-intelligence/telepresence-a-manifesto.

  
7
.
   
Ibid.

  
8
.
   
Gill A.
Pratt, “Robot to the Rescue,”
Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists,
December 3, 2013, http://thebulletin.org/robot-rescue.

  
9
.
   
“2013 DARPA Robotic Challenge Trials Overview,” Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, http://archive.darpa.mil/roboticschallengetrialsarchive.

10
.
   
Singularity Hub, “Industrial Perception Robot Arm Box Toss,” YouTube, April 17, 2013, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IXxU4sL6hq0.

11
.
   
“Guidelines for Scientific Research,” Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, University of Tokyo, March 2011, http://www.i.u-tokyo.ac.jp/edu/others/pdf/guideline_en.pdf.

12
.
   
Charlie Rose, “Amazon Unveils Futuristic Plan: Delivery by Drone,”
60 Minutes Overtime,
December 1, 2013, http://www.cbsnews.com/news/amazon-unveils-futuristic-plan-delivery-by-drone.

13
.
   
DARPAtv, “Darpa’s Pet-Proto Robot Navigates Obstacles,” Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, October 24, 2012, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FFGfq0pRczY.

14
.
   
Hans Moravec,
Mind Children: The Future of Robot and Human Intelligence
(Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1988), 15.

15
.
   
Eric Berger and Keenan Wyrobek, “PR1 Robot Cleans a Room,” Salisbury Robotics Lab, Stanford University, 2007, YouTube, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jJ4XtyMoxIA.

16
.
   
“The Hopkins Beast,” Field Robotics Center, 1960, http://www.frc.ri.cmu.edu/~hpm/talks/revo.slides/1960.html.

  
1
.
   
John Markoff, “A Free and Simple Computer Link,”
New York Times,
December 8, 1993, http://www.nytimes.com/1993/12/08/business/business-technology-a-free-and-simple-computer-link.html?pagewanted=all&src=pm.

  
2
.
   
Danielle Newnham,
Mad Men of Mobile: Leading Entrepreneurs and Innovators Share Their Stories, from SIRI to SHAZAM,
Kindle ed.
(Seattle: CreateSpace, 2013), Kindle location 129.

  
3
.
   
Ibid., Kindle location 137–139.

  
4
.
   
John Sculley and John A.
Byrne,
Odyssey: Pepsi to Apple: A Journey of Adventure, Ideas, and the Future
(New York: HarperCollins, 1987).

  
5
.
   
David Greelish, “An Interview with Computing Pioneer Alan Kay,”
Time,
April 2, 2013, http://techland.time.com/2013/04/02/an-interview-with-computing-pioneer-alan-kay.

  
6
.
   
Gordon E.
Moore, “Cramming More Components onto Integrated Circuits,”
Electronics
38, no.
8 (1965), 114–117.

  
7
.
   
Paul Pangaro, “‘Getting Started’ Guide to Cybernetics,” Pangaro.com, http://www.pangaro.com/definition-cybernetics.html.

  
8
.
   
J.
J.
O’Connor and E.
F.
Robertson, “Andrew Gordon Speedie Pask,” School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of St.
Andrews, Scotland, http://turnbull.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Pask.html.

  
1
.
   
Claire Cain Miller, “Technology, Aided by Recession, Is Polarizing the Work World,”
New York Times,
July 22, 2014, http://www.nytimes.com/2014/07/23/upshot/how-technology-aided-by-recession-is-transforming-the-work-world.html?rref=upshot.

  
2
.
   
Bureau of Labor Statistics, “Occupational Employment Projections to 2022,” December 2013, http://www.bls.gov/opub/mlr/2013/article/occupational-employment-projections-to-2022.htm.

  
3
.
   
Zeynep Tufekci, “Failing the Third Machine Age: When Robots Come for Grandma,”
Medium,
July 22, 2014, https://medium.com/message/failing-the-third-machine-age-1883e647ba74.

  
4
.
   
Louise Aronson, “The Future of Robot Caregivers,”
New York Times,
July 19, 2014, http://www.nytimes.com/2014/07/20/opinion/sunday/the-future-of-robot-caregivers.html.

  
5
.
   
Ken Goldberg, “Robots with Their Heads in the Clouds,” Aspen Ideas Festival 2014,
Medium,
August 25, 2014, https://medium.com/aspen-ideas/robots-with-their-heads-in-the-clouds-e88ac44def8a.

  
6
.
   
“Asimov’s Three Laws of Robotics + the Zeroth Law,” March 1942, Jeremy Norman’s HistoryofInformation.com, http://www.historyofinformation.com/expanded.php?id=4108.

  
7
.
   
Defense Science Board, “The Role of Autonomy in DoD Systems,” U.S.
Department of Defense, July 2012, http://www.acq.osd.mil/dsb/reports/AutonomyReport.pdf.

  
8
.
   
John Markoff, “Already Anticipating ‘Terminator’ Ethics,”
New York Times,
November 24, 2013, http://www.nytimes.com/2013/11/24/science/already-anticipating-terminator-ethics.html.

  
9
.
   
Bill Joy, “Why the Future Doesn’t Need Us,”
Wired,
April 2000, http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/8.04/joy.html.

10
.
   
Eric Horvitz and Bart Selman, “Interim Report from the Panel Chairs,” AAAI Presidential Panel on Long-Term AI Futures, Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence, August 2009, http://research.microsoft.com/en-us/um/people/horvitz/note_from_AAAI_panel_chairs.pdf.

11
.
   
Mark Prigg, “Google Sets Up Artificial Intelligence Ethics Board to
Curb the Rise of the Robots,”
Daily Mail,
January 29, 2014, http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-2548355/Google-sets-artificial-intelligence-ethics-board-curb-rise-robots.html.