James Madison: A Life Reconsidered (67 page)

33
.
PDM,
from James Madison, Dec. 2, 1799; Gish,
Virginia Taverns, Ordinaries, and Coffee Houses,
231, 245; Creighton,
History of Epidemics in Britain,
2:788.

34
.
PMC,
17:297, to Jefferson, Dec. 29, 1799; 17:308–11,
Report of 1800,
Jan. 7, 1800.

35
. Elliot,
Debates,
4:539;
PMC,
17:336–44,
Report of 1800
.

36
.
PMC,
17:312–16,
Report of 1800
.

37
.
PMC,
17:306, “
Report of 1800:
Editorial Note.”

38
.
PMC,
17:415–16, “The Election of 1800: Editorial Note”; 17:357, to Jefferson, Jan. 18, 1800;
Calendar of Virginia State Papers,
9:74–87.

39
. Rives Papers, George Tucker, untitled memoir of James Madison.

40
.
PMC,
17:377, to Jefferson, April 4, 1800.

41
.
PMC,
17:371–72, from Mason, March 7, 1800.

42
.
PMC,
17:377, to Jefferson, April 4, 1800.

43
.
PMC,
17:386, from Dawson, May 4, 1800; 17:387, from Jefferson, May 12, 1800.

44
.
PJ,
31:562–63n, to Thomas Mann Randolph, May 7, 1800; Larson,
Magnificent Catastrophe,
121, 125–26.

45
. James Morton Smith,
Freedom’s Fetters,
337–55; Smith and Lloyd,
Trial of Samuel Chase,
1:372–80;
PMC,
17:390, to Monroe, May 23, 1800.

46
.
PMC,
17:393, from Jefferson, June 13, 1800; Meteorological Journals,
July 1800.

47
. Chernow,
Hamilton,
616–18;
PH,
25:186–234, “Letter from Alexander Hamilton Concerning the Public Conduct and Character of John Adams,” Oct. 24, 1800.

48
. Chernow,
Hamilton,
622;
PMC,
17:454, to Jefferson, Jan. 10, 1801.

49
.
Republic of Letters,
2:1139–40; Larson,
Magnificent Catastrophe,
62, 236–38;
PJ,
32:215, 257, from Pinckney, Oct. 12 and Dec. 2, 1800.

50
.
PMC,
17:418–19, 438, from David Gelston, Oct. 8 and Nov. 21, 1800.

51
. “James Madison’s Autobiography,” 206.

52
. Malone,
Jefferson,
3:499;
PH,
25:311, from Sedgwick, Jan. 10, 1801;
PMC,
17:444, 448, from Jefferson, Dec. 19 and 26, 1800.

53
.
PMC,
17:453, to Jefferson, Jan. 10, 1801; Brant,
Madison,
4:27;
PH,
25:303, from James Gunn, Jan. 9, 1801; King,
Life and Correspondence,
3:391, from Robert Troup, Feb. 12, 1801; Larson,
Magnificent Catastrophe,
246;
PJ,
32:594,
to Monroe, Feb. 15, 1801.

54
. Larson,
Magnificent Catastrophe,
262–65;
Annals,
6th Cong., 2nd sess., 1024–28, Feb. 11–17, 1801.

55
. Bayard,
Documents Relating to the Presidential Election in the Year 1801,
11–12;
PJ,
32:594, to Monroe, Feb. 15, 1801;
PH,
25:257, to Oliver Wolcott Jr., Dec. 16, 1800; 25:276–77, to Bayard, Dec. 27, 1800.

56
.
PMC,
17:447, 455–56, to Jefferson, Dec. 20, 1800, and Jan. 10, 1801.

57
.
PMC,
17:475, to Jefferson, Feb. 28, 1801; Miller, “Madison Family’s Land in the Region of ‘Montpelier,’” 1–2, 16–24; Ketcham,
Madison,
390.

58
.
PMS,
1:7, 110, to Jefferson, March 7 and April 22, 1801;
PJ,
33:203, to Randolph, March 6, 1801; Shulman, “Madison v. Madison,” 363–64;
PMS,
8:58, from Robert Taylor, Sept. 16, 1804.

59
.
PMS,
1:127, from Jefferson, April 30, 1801.

Chapter 13:
T
HE
R
EVOLUTION OF 1800

1
. Margaret Bayard Smith,
First Forty Years,
25.

2
. Tinkcom, “Caviar Along the Potomac,” 74; Henry Adams,
Jefferson,
23–24.

3
. Tinkcom, “Caviar Along the Potomac,” 70–71, 85; Young,
Washington Community,
42.

4
. Tinkcom, “Caviar Along the Potomac,” 73–74; Seale,
President’s House,
1:90–91; Margaret Bayard Smith,
Winter in Washington,
2:261.

5
. Seale,
President’s House,
1:94; Tinkcom, “Caviar Along the Potomac,” 71.

6
.
PMS,
1:393, to Wilson Cary Nicholas, July 10, 1801.

7
. DeConde,
Quasi-war,
294–95;
PMS,
1:59, from David Howell, March 30, 1801; 1:37–38, from William Irvine, March 23, 1801; 1:66, from Polk, April 2, 1801.

8
.
PMS,
1:119, from Callender, April 27, 1801; 1:244, to James Monroe, June 1, 1801;
PJ,
34:205, to Monroe, May 29, 1801.

9
.
PJ,
30:557, to Nicholas, Oct. 5, 1798; Gordon-Reed,
Hemingses of Monticello,
12, 541.

10
. Seale,
President’s House,
1:94–95; Margaret Bayard Smith,
First Forty Years,
385;
PMS,
1:79, from William Eaton, April 10, 1801; 1:188, from James Leander Cathcart, May 16, 1801;
PJ,
34:114–15, “Notes on a Cabinet Meeting,” May 15, 1801; Brant,
Madison,
4:60; Farrand,
Records,
2:318, Madison’s notes, Aug. 17, 1787.

11
.
PMS,
1:200, to Eaton, May 20, 1801; Toll,
Six Frigates,
224, 257–62;
PMS,
3:xxxi.

12
. Toll,
Six Frigates,
261.

13
.
PMS,
1:394, to Nicholas, July 10, 1801; 1:476, to Levi Lincoln, July 25, 1801; De Coppet Collection, Madison to Delaplaine, memo, Sept. 1816.

14
.
PMS,
2:60, from Jefferson, Aug. 22, 1801; Brant,
Madison,
4:61.

15
. Brant,
Madison,
4:64.

16
. Gordon S. Wood,
Empire of Liberty,
534–36; Egerton,
Gabriel’s Rebellion,
186.

17
. Henry Adams,
Life of Albert Gallatin,
99, 109, 115–19.

18
. Henry Adams,
Jefferson,
137, 161–64; Malone,
Jefferson,
4:101–6.

19
. Malone,
Jefferson,
4:126, 131–32;
PH,
25:544, to Gouverneur Morris, Feb. 29, 1802; Ames,
Works,
1:298, to Thomas Dwight, April 16, 1802; 1:310, to Christopher Gore, Dec. 13, 1802.

20
. Malone,
Jefferson,
4:73–79.

21
. Henry Adams,
Jefferson,
279–82, 316.

22
. Brant,
Madison,
4:90–91; Henry Adams,
Jefferson,
276–77; Kukla,
Wilderness So Immense,
230.

23
.
PMS,
4:146–47, to Pinckney, Nov. 27, 1802; 4:xxvi; 4:198, to Livingston, Dec. 17, 1802.

24
. Ammon,
James Monroe,
38–39; Malone,
Jefferson,
4:269–70.

25
. Kukla,
Wilderness So Immense,
261–62; Ammon,
James Monroe,
203;
PJ,
7:512, to Monroe, Nov. 11, 1784; Brant,
Madison,
4:111;
PMS,
4:397n1, from Monroe, March 7, 1803; Hunt-Jones,
Dolley and the “Great Little Madison,”
22–25; Tinkcom, “Caviar Along the Potomac,” 97.

26
. Hunt-Jones,
Dolley and the “Great Little Madison,”
26; Margaret Bayard Smith,
First Forty Years,
29; Allgor,
Perfect Union,
70–73; Ellis,
American Sphinx,
227;
Diaries of John Quincy Adams: A Digital Collection,
Feb. 13, 1806.

27
. Cutler and Cutler,
Life, Journals, and Correspondence of Rev. Manasseh Cutler,
2:154; Allgor,
Perfect Union,
74–75; Tinkcom, “Caviar Along the Potomac,” 84.

28
. Kukla,
Wilderness So Immense,
267–68; Henry Adams,
Jefferson,
320;
PMS,
4:500–501, from Livingston, April 11, 1803.

29
.
PMS,
5:248, to Monroe, July 30, 1803; Margaret Bayard Smith,
First Forty Years,
38–39; Ambrose,
Undaunted Courage,
102.

30
. Brodie,
Thomas Jefferson,
349, 354, 361–63.

31
. Ibid., 365–68;
PMS,
4:541, to Monroe, April 20, 1803.

32
. Brodie,
Thomas Jefferson,
374.

33
. “Reminiscences of Madison Hemings,” in Brodie,
Thomas Jefferson,
473. Gordon-Reed,
Hemingses of Monticello,
517–18. Gordon-Reed points out that the naming incident almost certainly occurred when Hemings was carrying Madison Hemings rather than after he was born, 589.

34
.
PMS,
5:248–49, to Monroe, July 30, 1803; Jefferson,
Complete Anas,
222; Henry Adams,
Jefferson,
348–49.

35
. Gallatin,
Writings,
1:111–14, to Jefferson, Jan. 13, 1803; Malone,
Jefferson,
4:318;
PMS,
5:156, “Proposed Constitutional Amendment,” ca. July 9, 1803.

36
.
PMS,
5:323, from Jefferson, Aug. 18, 1803; 5:328, to Jefferson, Aug. 20, 1803;
Republic of Letters,
2:1290; Ketcham,
Madison,
421.

37
.
Annals,
8th Cong., 1st sess., 14, Oct. 17, 1803; Hermann,
Louisiana Purchase,
37; Malone,
Jefferson,
4:403.

38
. Henry Adams,
Jefferson,
334–35.

39
. Forte, “Marbury’s Travail,” 351–55, 397–99. Both Jefferson’s and Marshall’s mothers were Randolphs.

40
.
Marbury v. Madison,
5 U.S. 137 (1803);
PMR,
1:191, to Monroe, Dec. 27, 1817;
PMC,
11:293, “Observations on Jefferson’s Draft of a Constitution for Virginia,” ca. Oct. 15, 1788.

41
.
PMC,
17:311,
Report of 1800
.

42
. Tinkcom, “Caviar Along the Potomac,” 72; Henry Adams,
Jefferson,
547–50.

43
. Tinkcom, “Caviar Along the Potomac,” 72.

44
.
PMS,
6:361, to Monroe, Jan. 19, 1804; Rives Papers, Edward Coles to Hugh Grigsby, Dec. 23, 1854; Henry Adams,
Jefferson,
552–57.

45
.
PMS,
6:186–87, to King, Dec. 18, 1803; 6:197–99, from King, Dec. 22, 1803; 6:362, to Monroe, Jan. 19, 1804; Jefferson,
Works,
10:47–48, “Rules of Etiquette,” 1803; Malone,
Jefferson,
4:384–85.

46
.
PMS,
6:362–63, to Monroe, Jan. 19, 1804.

47
.
Ibid.,
361–66; Malone,
Jefferson,
4:383–84; Margaret Bayard Smith,
First Forty Years,
46–47.

48
.
PMS,
6:361, to Monroe, Jan. 19, 1804; Plumer,
Memorandum,
212.

49
. Henry Adams,
Life of Albert Gallatin,
287–88.

50
. Isenberg,
Fallen Founder,
235–49, 252; Jefferson,
Complete Anas,
224; Malone,
Jefferson,
4:398.

51
. LC-TJ, from Clinton, Jan. 20, 1804.

52
.
PMS,
2:485, to John Francis Mercer, Feb. 24, 1802.
PMC,
15:493, to Jefferson, March 23, 1795. Madison also suffered a contagious illness the month following:
PMS,
3:9, to Andrew Ellicott, March 8, 1802.

53
.
PMS,
7:498, to Monroe, July 21, 1804; Plumer,
Memorandum,
64.

54
. Henry Adams,
Life of Albert Gallatin,
266;
PH,
25:544, to Morris, Feb. 29, 1802; Isenberg,
Fallen Founder,
256–61; Chernow,
Hamilton,
700.

55
. Bickham,
Weight of Vengeance,
32; Harrison Papers, “Private Notes of Conversation with Mr. Madison,” Nov. 27–30, 1827.

56
. Risjord,
Old Republicans,
38–39.

Chapter 14:
P
ORTRAITS

1
. Cutts,
Queen of America,
142; Barratt and Miles,
Gilbert Stuart,
239–42; Few, “Diary,” 351;
PDM,
to Anna Cutts, ca. May 8, 1804.

2
. Jefferson,
Autobiography,
55; Brissot de Warville,
New Travels in the United States,
101; Rives Papers, George Tucker, untitled memoir of James
Madison; Dorinda Evans,
Genius of Gilbert Stuart,
42; Hunt, “First Inauguration Ball,” 756.

3
. Cutts,
Queen of America,
94.

4
. Barratt and Miles,
Gilbert Stuart,
239, 262–63.

5
.
PDM,
to Cutts, May 25, 1804; Barratt and Miles,
Gilbert Stuart,
272.

6
. Malone,
Jefferson,
4:381–82; Brant,
Madison,
4:194, 205; Barratt and Miles,
Gilbert Stuart,
243.

7
. Dawidoff,
Education of John Randolph,
25; Bruce,
John Randolph of Roanoke,
2:320–21.

8
. Gordon S. Wood,
Empire of Liberty,
128, 456; Malone,
Jefferson,
4:246–47, 448–49; Brant,
Madison,
4:234–36; Bruce,
John Randolph of Roanoke,
1:180–200.

9
.
Annals,
8th Cong., 2nd sess., 1026, 1103, Jan. 29 and 31, 1805.

10
. Plumer,
Memorandum,
269; Brant,
Madison,
4:237, 240; Malone,
Jefferson,
4:450, 456.