James and Dolley Madison (58 page)

26
. James Madison to Thomas Jefferson, January 10, 1801, in
The Republic of Letters: The Correspondence between Thomas Jefferson and James Madison, 1776–1826
, ed. James Smith (New York: W. W. Norton, 1995), 2:166–70.

27
. Ron Chernow,
Alexander Hamilton
(New York: Penguin Press, 2004), p. 646.

28
. Beckles Willson,
Friendly Relations: A Narrative of Britain's Ministers and Ambassadors to America (1791–1930)
(London: L. Dickson and Thompson, 1934), pp. 40–48.

29
. Joseph Ellis,
American Sphinx: The Character of Thomas Jefferson
(New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1994), p. 201.

30
. James Madison to Thomas Jefferson, February 28, 1801, in Smith,
Republic of Letters
, 2:170–72.

31
. James Madison to Thomas Jefferson, February 28, 1801, in Jefferson and Boyd (ed.) and Oberg (ed.),
Papers of Thomas Jefferson
, 33:99–100.

32
. Thomas Jefferson to James Madison, March 12, 1801, in ibid., 33:255–56; Jefferson to Thomas Mann Randolph, June 4, 1801, in ibid., 34:256–57.

33
. Paul Jennings,
A Colored Man's Reminiscences of James Madison
(Brooklyn, NY: G. C. Beadle, 1865), p. 19.

34
. Hugh Howard,
Mr. and Mrs. Madison's War: America's First Couple and the Second War of Independence
(New York: Bloomsbury Press, 2012), p. 9.

35
. James Monroe to James Madison, March 11, 1801, in
The Papers of James Madison: Secretary of State Series, Presidential Series, Retirement Series, Personal Papers
, ed. Robert Brugger et al. (Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1986), 1:11.

36
. Samuel Osgood to James Madison, April 24, 1801, in ibid., 1:113–14.

37
. Dolley Madison to Anna Cutts, June 1804, in DMDE.

38
. Thomas Jefferson to Meriwether Lewis, February 23, 1801, in Jefferson and Boyd (ed.) and Oberg (ed.),
Papers of Thomas Jefferson
, 33:51.

39
. Thomas Jefferson to Mann Randolph, May 14, 1801, in ibid., 34:110–11.

40
. Ibid., p. 409.

41
. Katherine Anthony,
Dolley Madison: Her Life and Times
(Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1949), p. 195.

42
. Thomas Jefferson to Carlos Martinez de Irujo, March 24, 1801, in Jefferson and Boyd (ed.) and Oberg (ed.),
Papers of Thomas Jefferson
, 33:430.

43
. Thomas Jefferson to T. M. Randolph Jr., November 16, 1801, in ibid., vol. 32; Thomas Jefferson to Albert Gallatin, September 18, 1801, in
Writings of Albert Gallatin
, by Albert Gallatin and Henry Adams (New York: Antiquarian Press, 1960), 1:55.

44
. Abigail Adams to her daughter, 1800, in Goodwin,
Dolly Madison
, pp. 82–83.

45
. Ibid., p. 93.

46
. Anthony,
Dolley Madison
, p. 196.

47
. Hetty Ann Barton, May 1803, in Papers of Hetty Ann Barton, Pennsylvania Historical Society.

48
. Edward Coles to Hugh Blair Grigsby, December 23, 1854, Virginia Historical Society, in Ketcham,
James Madison
, p. 407.

49
. John Quincy Adams,
The Diary of John Quincy Adams, 1794–1845: American Diplomacy, and Political, Social, and Intellectual Life, from Washington to Polk
, ed. Allan Nevins (New York: Frederick Ungar Publishing, 1928), p. 37.

50
. Goodwin,
Dolly Madison
, p. 110.

51
. Bagot,
Exile to Yankeeland
, April 3, 1816, and March 27, 1816, entries.

52
. Ibid., March 9, 1817, entry.

53
. Dr. Samuel Mitchill to his wife, January 4, 1892, in
Life and Letters of Dolley Madison
, by Allen Clark (Washington, DC: Press of W. F. Roberts, 1914), pp. 914, 50; Samuel Mitchill Papers, Museum of City of New York.

54
. William Parker Cutler,
Life, Journals and Correspondence of Rev. Manasseh Cutler, LL.D.
(Cincinnati, 1888), 2:154n.

55
. M. B. Smith, quoted in Clark,
Life and Letters of Dolley Madison
, pp. 64–65; Jeremiah Mason to Means Mason, December 12, 1813, in DMDE.

56
. Margaret Smith to Susan Smith, July 31, 1806, in
Forty Years in Washington
Society
, by Margaret Bayard Smith, ed. Gaillard Hunt (New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1906), pp. 51–52.

57
. Dolley Madison to Anna Thornton, August 26, 1807, in DMDE.

58
. Smith,
Forty Years in Washington Society
, pp. 10–11.

59
.
Washington Federalist
, December 18, 1806; Anthony,
Dolley Madison
, p. 121.

60
. Anthony,
Dolley Madison
, p. 117.

61
. Ibid., p. 123.

62
. Madison,
Selected Letters of Dolley Payne Madison
, pp. 44–45.

63
. Catherine Allgor,
A Perfect Union: Dolley Madison and the Creation of the American Nation
(New York: Henry Holt, 2006), pp. 50–51.

64
. Virginia Moore,
The Madisons: A Biography
(New York: McGraw-Hill, 1979), p. 169; Martha Randolph to Thomas Jefferson, October 29, 1802, in Goodwin,
Dolly Madison
, p. 96; Dolley Madison to James Madison, November 13, 1805, in DMDE.

65
. Dolley Madison to Anna Cutts, July 8, 1805, in Dolley Madison Papers, North American Women's Letters and Diaries, digital collection, doc. 13.

66
. Dolley Madison to Anna Cutts, July 16, 1804, in Anthony,
Dolley Madison
, p. 164.

67
. Thomas Jefferson to David Williams, January 31, 1806, in Noble E. Cunningham,
The Process of Government under Jefferson
(Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1978), pp. 41–44.

68
. Dolley Madison to Anna Cutts, July 8, 1805, in Dolley Madison Papers, North American Women's Letters and Diaries, digital collection, doc. 13.

69
. Noel Gerson,
The Velvet Glove: A Life of Dolley Madison
(Nashville: Thomas and Nelson, 1975), p. 100.

70
. Ibid., p. 122.

71
. Anthony,
Dolley Madison
, pp. 124–25.

72
. Dolley Madison to Anna Cutts, May 22, 1805, in Cutts Family Papers, Library of Congress; Moore,
Madisons
, p. 186; Dolley Madison to Dolley Cutts, February 10, 1835, in DMDE.

73
. T. M. Randolph to Harriet Randolph, December 7, 1804, in collection of letters of C. M. Storey, Papers of C. M. Storey, Massachusetts Historical Society.

74
. Dumas Malone,
Jefferson and the Ordeal of Liberty
(Boston: Little, Brown, 1962), p. 394.

75
. Cutts,
Memoirs and Letters of Dolley Madison
, 2:10; Dolley Madison to Phoebe Morris, August 16, 1812, in DMDE.

76
. Cutts,
Memoirs and Letters of Dolley Madison
, 2:10.

77
. Margaret Tinkcom, “Caviar along the Potomac: Sir Augustus John Foster's ‘Notes on the United States,' 1804–1812,”
William and Mary Quarterly
3rd ser., 8 (January 1951): 155.

78
. Isenberg,
Fallen Founder
, p. 235.

79
. Plumer's Memorandum, in William Plumer Papers, Library of Congress, New Hampshire State Library, p. 208.

80
. Dolley Madison to Anna Cutts, June 1804, in DMDE.

81
. Anne Hollingsworth Wharton,
Social Life in the Early Republic
(Philadelphia, PA: J. B. Lippincott, 1903), p. 147.

82
. H. B. Smith to Mrs. Kirkpatrick, January 13, 1804, in Smith,
First Forty Years of Washington Society
, pp. 45–47.

83
. Dolley Madison to Anna Cutts, June 1804, in DMDE.

84
. James Madison to Thomas Jefferson, April 22, 1801, in Jefferson and Boyd (ed.) and Oberg (ed.),
Papers of Thomas Jefferson
, 33:630.

85
. William Thornton to James Madison, March 16, 1801, in Anthony,
Dolley Madison
, p. 111.

86
. James Madison to Thomas Jefferson, January 10, 1800, in Madison and Hunt,
Writings of James Madison
, 2:167–70.

87
. Thomas Jefferson to Dolley Madison, May 27, 1801, in Cutts,
Memoirs and Letters of Dolley Madison
, p. 28; Ketcham,
James Madison
, pp. 428–29.

88
. Smith, introduction to
Forty Years in Washington Society
, pp. vii–viii.

89
.
National Intelligencer
, March 9, 1800.

90
. Ibid., June 8, 1801.

91
. Ibid.

92
. Ibid., October 26, 1801.

93
. Ibid., December 6, 1802.

94
. Ibid., December 10, 1802.

95
. Moore,
Madisons
, p. 161.

CHAPTER 7. THE MADISONS AS SOCIAL LIONS

  
1
. Ralph Ketcham,
James Madison: A Biography
(New York: Macmillan, 1971), p. 410.

  
2
. Leonard White,
The Jeffersonian: A Study in Administrative History
(New York: Macmillan, 1951), pp. 187–88; James Madison to James Monroe, May 6, 1801, in
The Writings of James Madison
, by James Madison and Gaillard Hunt (New York: Russell and Russell, 1968), 6:419; James Madison to W. C. Nicholas, July 10, 1801, in Madison and Hunt,
Writings of James Madison
, 6:425.

  
3
. Dolley Madison to Anna Cutts, July 8, 1805, in Dolley Madison Papers, North American Women's Letters and Diaries, digital collection, doc. 13.

  
4
. Stanley Elkins and Eric McKitrick,
The Age of Federalism
(New York: Oxford University Press, 1993), pp. 74–75; Catherine Allgor,
A Perfect Union: Dolley Madison and the Creation of the American Nation
(New York: Henry Holt, 2006), p. 65.

  
5
.
National Intelligencer
, March 4, 1801.

  
6
. Margaret Smith to Susan Smith, March 4, 1801, in
The First Forty Years of Washington Society
, by Margaret Bayard Smith, ed. Gaillard Hunt (New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1906), pp. 25–26.

  
7
. Thomas Jefferson to Joseph Priestley, March 21, 1804, in Madison and Hunt,
Writings of James Madison
, 2:7–8.

  
8
. Willard Randall,
Thomas Jefferson: A Life
(New York: Henry Holt, 1993), p. 548; Jefferson's Inaugural Address, in
The Works of Thomas Jefferson
by Paul Ford (New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1904), 33:139–52.

  
9
. Thomas Jefferson to Governor Tom McKean of Pennsylvania, July 24, 1801, in Papers of Thomas Jefferson, Princeton University Library; Henry Adams,
History of the United States during the First Administration of James Madison
(New York: Literary Classics of the United States, Library of America, 1986), p. 319.

10
. Thomas Jefferson to the heads of his departments, November 6, 1801, in
The Republic of Letters: The Correspondence between Thomas Jefferson and James Madison, 1776–1826
, ed. James Smith (New York: W. W. Norton, 1995), 2:1168.

11
. Samuel Eddy, Jona. Russell, James Turder Jr., Levi Wheaton, and Henry Smith to Thomas Jefferson, March 5, 1801, in
Papers of Thomas Jefferson
, by Thomas Jefferson, ed. Julian Boyd and Barbara Oberg (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2007), 33:187–88.

12
. Thomas Jefferson to James Monroe, March 7, 1801, in
Writings of Thomas Jefferson
, by A. A. Lipscomb and A. E. Bergh (Washington, DC: Thomas Jefferson Memorial Association of the United States, 1903), 9:203.

13
. Ibid., 9:204.

14
.
American Citizen
, June 5, 1801.

15
. James Madison to Dolley Madison, November 2, 1805, in Dolley Madison Digital Edition, ed. Holly C. Shulman (Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, Online Rotunda Edition, 2010–2013).

16
. Thomas Jefferson to James Madison, April 27, 1809, in Smith,
Republic of Letters
, 3:1585–86.

17
. Letter to the
Federalist and New Jersey Gazette
, February 27, 1802.

18
.
Alexandria Advertiser and Commercial Intelligence
, December 16, 1800.

19
. Joseph Shulim, ed.,
The Old Dominion and Napoleon Bonaparte: A Study in American Opinion
(New York: Columbia University Press, 1952), pp. 110–11.

20
. James Madison to Thomas Jefferson, May 13, 1798, in
The Papers of James Madison: Secretary of State Series, Presidential Series, Retirement Series, Personal Papers
, ed. Robert Brugger et al. (Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1986), 17:130.

21
. Randall,
Thomas Jefferson
, pp. 562–63;
National Intelligencer
, June 8, 1801.

22
. James Madison to Charles Pinckney, October 12, 1803, in Madison and Hunt,
Writings of James Madison
, 7:53–60, 71–74.

CHAPTER 8. THE LOUISIANA PURCHASE

  
1
. J. Christopher Herold,
The Age of Napoleon
(New York: American Heritage Publishing, 1963), p. 144.

  
2
. Thomas Jefferson,
Papers of Thomas Jefferson
, ed. Julian Boyd and Barbara Oberg (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1950–2012), 36:21812; Joseph Shulim, ed.,
The Old Dominion and Napoleon Bonaparte: A Study in American Opinion
(New York: Columbia University Press, 1952), p. 111.

  
3
.
Richmond Examiner
, May 5, 1802; Shulim,
Old Dominion and Napoleon Bonaparte
, p. 121.

  
4
.
New England Palladium
, April 12, 1803.