It's a Jungle in There: How Competition and Cooperation in the Brain Shape the Mind (50 page)

chunks and,
63
–
64
,
201
n7

frequency effect and,
101
n9

general theories for,
80
,
203
n35

go/no-go task and,
72
–
74

information theory and,
61
–
64

inhibition and,
76
–
78

lexical decision and,
64
–
65

limited-capacity parallel search and,
69
–
70

long,
74
–
77

memory scanning and,
65
–
69

muscle activation and,
75
–
76

nerve conduction and,
74
–
75
,
202
n23

parallel search and,
67
–
68

priming and,
77
–
78

racehorse model and,
79
,
203
n32

redundancy gain and,
79

sensory processing and,
76

serial exhaustive search and,
67
,
68
–
69

serial self-terminating search and,
66
–
67

Simon effect and,
71
–
72

simple,
60
–
61

S-R compatibility and,
71

stopping and,
73
–
74

task switching and,
78

recall

contents of,
147
–
50

cued,
130
–
33
,
208
n10

memory and,
130
–
33
,
147
–
50

Mr. Total Recall,
127
,
208
n1

prejudice and,
149

recognition and,
130

as reconstructive,
148
–
49

smell and,
132

tip-of-the-tongue state and,
132

recognition,
130

recombination,
163

recording, brain,
28
–
29
,
198
n13

redundancy gain,
79

reflex

cats and,
111

modulation,
111
–
13
,
206
n20

orienting,
45

Reisberg, Daniel,
52
–
53

replication,
14

Rescorla, Robert,
138

Rescorla-Wagner model,
138
–
39
,
139
f
,
140

response competition,
51

retrieval

difficulty,
128

induced forgetting,
211
n44

Retrograde Amnesia, Law of,
209
n18

Ribot, T.,
209
n18

river-bank/piggy-bank study,
143

robots,
105
,
206
n17

RT.
See
reaction time

Rubin, Edgar,
42

Rubin figure,
42
,
42
f
,
200
n11

Rumelhart, D. E.,
204
n22

Rutter, Brad,
105

saccadic eye movements,
46
,
200
n17

saccadic suppression,
119
–
20

savings,
134
–
35
,
209
n18

Schacter, Daniel,
133

Schneider, Walter,
54
–
55

science, evolutionary psychology and,
184
–
85

Science
magazine,
217
n71

selection,
14
–
15
.
See also
action selection; natural selection

concepts and,
172

early and late,
55
,
201
n33

The Selfish Gene
(Dawkins),
187

semantic

dementia,
171
–
72

priming,
77

sensory deprivation,
175
–
76

sensory processing,
76

serial

exhaustive search,
67
,
68
–
69

ordering of behavior,
124
–
25
,
125
f
,
208
nn55–
56

self-terminating search,
66
–
67

set effects

anagram problem and,
156

functional fixedness and,
156
–
57

jug problem and,
155

negative,
155
,
156
–
57

positive,
154
–
56

sex

breasts and,
16
,
197
n10

competition and,
16
,
196
n8

cooperation and,
196
n8

Darwin’s theory and,
15
–
16

evolutionary psychology and,
181
–
82

memory and,
175

Shatz, Carla,
198
n6

Sherrington, Charles,
23
,
198
n5

Shiffrin, Richard,
54
–
55

Siegler, Robert,
172

Simon effect,
71
–
72
,
202
n19

Simonton, Dean Keith,
164

simple feature detectors,
96

simple RT,
60
–
61

60
Minutes
(TV news magazine),
206
n17

skills, old,
135
,
209
n18

Skinner, B. F.,
116
,
118

sleep,
1
–
2

smell,
132

soccer example,
205
n13

social cognition,
176

spaced practice,
114
–
16

speech.
See
language

Speelman, Craig,
150

Sperry, Roger,
26
,
178

spotlight theory,
57
–
58

S-R.
See
stimulus-response

starlings,
177
,
215
n33

Sternberg, Saul,
65
–
69
,
65
f
,
202
n14

stimulus-response (S-R),
61

associations,
54
–
55

compatibility,
71

stored instances,
168

strabismus,
96

strippers,
181

Stroop effect,
52

suppression

action-related perceptual,
119
–
20

blink,
119

saccadic,
119
–
20

tickling and,
120

survival

campsite metaphor and,
1
–
2

memory and,
182
–
83

of neurons,
23
–
24

offspring,
182

synapses,
23

synesthesia,
35
–
36

task switching,
78

theory space

Darwin’s theory and,
192
–
93
,
216
nn67–
68

encompassing theories and,
191
–
92

explained,
189
–
90
,
189
f

fecundity and,
217
n70

less-is-more approach and,
190
,
216
n64

thinking

elf metaphor and,
2
–
3

outside the box,
159

population,
6

Thinking Fast and Slow
(Kahneman),
195
n1

Thorndike, E. L.,
195
n10

thought deception,
145
–
47
,
212
nn52–
53

tickling,
120

tip-of-the-tongue state,
132

toddlers

crawling and,
114

Jolly Jumper and,
113
–
14
,
206
n25

maturation perspective and,
113
,
114
,
206
n27

opportunistic journey and,
114
,
207
n28

trial-and-error learning and,
113
–
14
,
206
n23

top-down processing,
92
–
93

transmission of ideas,
187
–
88

transplantation, neural,
178
–
79

Trapp, Sabrina,
195
n12

tree of life,
173
–
74
,
174
f

Treisman, A. M.,
199
n4

trial-and-error learning

Bayes’ Rule and,
117
–
18

limitations,
115
,
116

modeling and,
118

over-generalization and,
116

toddlers and,
113
–
14
,
206
n23

turn off feature,
106

Turvey, Michael,
126

Tversky, Amos,
158
,
212
n13

two-route model,
203
n32

two string problem,
156
–
57

typing

action control and,
124
–
25
,
125
f

action slips and,
205
n7

editing and,
108

inhibitory model of behavioral control and,
124
–
25
,
125
f
,
208
n56

serial ordering of behavior and,
124
–
25
,
125
f
,
208
nn55–
56

spaced practice and,
115

Ulrich, Rolf,
79

Usher, Marius,
80

variation,
14

Velcro,
161

ventral nerve fibers,
25

visual training

cats and,
96
–
97
,
98
–
99
,
100

critical period effect,
99

depth perception and,
99
–
100

discrimination and,
101
–
2

features and,
96
–
99

kittens and,
100

late development and,
99
–
100

mis-combining and,
97
–
98

perception and,
96
–
102

pirates and,
96
,
204
n23

yellow Volkswagen and,
97

Volkswagen,
97

volume measurement,
151
–
52

Wagner, Alan,
138

waterfall illusion,
87
–
88

Watson (computer),
105

Wiesel, Torsten,
29
,
96
–
97

word superiority effect,
93
–
95
,
95
f
,
204
n22

working memory,
8
–
9
,
195
n12

Yarbus, Alfred,
45

yellow Volkswagen,
97

Zentrum für interdisziplinäre Forschung (ZiF),
103
,
126

Zoönomia
(Darwin, Erasmus),
196
n2