Escape From Davao (71 page)

Bowfin,
USS,
184,
288

Bowler, Louis, 249

Bowler, Robert V., 249, 253, 257

Boy Scouts of America, 325–26

Braun, Albert, 187

Brazil Maru,
187

Breitung, Howard, 106–8

Brereton, Lewis, 16, 367
n

British Expeditionary Force, 68

Brown, Ben, 39

Browning Automatic Rifle (BAR), 205, 236–37, 298

Bryant, Paul, 82

Buenavista,
184,
236–37, 243

Bukidnon Province, 119, 239, 247, 248–49

Bulkeley, John D., 241

Burbank, Calif., 300–305

Burma, 149, 328, 334

Burma Road, 30

Burma-Siam Railroad, 330

Burns, John, 37–38, 42, 44

Bushido, 62, 69

Butuan, 234, 236, 252, 298

Butuan Bay, 236

Cabanatuan City, 96, 110

Cabanatuan prison camp (Camp One), xiii,
6, 60,
93–109, 110, 116, 122, 125, 132, 136, 148, 154, 198, 202, 249, 320, 343, 349, 352

American administration at, 105–6

Army Ranger raid on, 339

black market at, 103, 105, 138–39, 186

deaths at, 97, 353

disease at, 93–94, 96–97

escape attempts at, 104–8, 149, 158, 190

Formosan guards at, 101–2, 110

gambling at, 100

hospital at, 97

POW perimeter guards at, 106

POW shows and classes at, 99–100, 103–4

rumors at, 100–101

shooting squads at, 105, 196

starvation at, 96, 153

Cabcaben Field, Bataan, 38, 49, 52,
60,
67

Cagayan,
184,
248, 251

Cagayan River, 248

California, University of, Berkeley, 24

Camiguin Island, 257

Campo, Anastacio, 142

Campo, Fely, 128, 131, 141, 142, 163, 195, 350–51

Camp One,
see
Cabanatuan prison camp Cañacao, 22

Canopus,
USS, 53

Capas,
60,
68, 73

Capra, Frank, 338, 340

Carberry, Richard E., 185, 187

in escape planning, 160, 166, 176

cargadores, 218–19, 230, 232

Carolus, Devonia, 18

Carpenter, Frank, 189–90

Carrizo Springs, Tex., 138, 192

Casey, Hugh J., 286

Casiana,
136, 139

Cateel, 150, 214, 227

Catholicism, 67, 98, 160, 206

Cavite, 10, 20, 22–23,
60

Cayugan, 237

CBS radio network, 326

Cebu City, 141, 343

Cebu Harbor, 57

Cebu Island, 2, 50, 250

Celebes Sea,
6, 184

censorship, in World War II, 281–82, 284–85, 333

see also
Office of Censorship; Office of War Information Central Pacific Area, 328, 329

Chabot, Leon, 101

Chanute Field, Rantoul, Il ., 51

Chavez, Dennis, 327

Chiang Kai-shek, 30

Chicago Tribune,
33, 305, 311, 331

Dyess story and, 279–80, 285–86, 287, 292, 300–301, 307, 309, 312, 314–16, 320, 322, 341

Childress, Clyde C., 245, 247, 255, 257, 344, 345, 349

China, 334, 349

Japanese atrocities in, 285

Japanese invasion of,
see
Sino-Japanese War

Nationalist army of, 30, 49

and 1941 Japanese offensive, 16

CIA, 348

Civil War, U.S., 56

Clapper, Raymond, 285

Clark, Al, 272–73, 306

Clark, Bennett, 321

Clark Field, Luzon, 9, 12, 23,
60

Japanese attack on, 16–17, 18–21, 367
n

Cole, Joe, 17, 19

Collier’s,
279, 316

colonos (Filipino convicts), 123, 128, 149, 162, 165, 191

Congress, U.S.:

abandonment of Philippines protested in, 34

reaction to atrocity stories in, 320–21, 323

see also
House of Representatives, U.S.; Senate, U.S.

Congressional Medal of Honor, 306, 348

Congressional Record, 309, 311

Constitution, U.S., First Amendment to, 301, 333

Coral Sea, Battle of, 333

Corcino, Ernesto, 215

Corregidor, 22, 24–25, 31, 51, 56,
60,
112

Japanese air raids on, 25–26, 83–84, 136

Japanese invasion of, 69

MacArthur’s evacuation from, 53–54, 84

as MacArthur’s headquarters, 28–29

MacArthur’s return to, 346–47

Malinta Tunnel on, 25, 29, 33, 36, 38, 83–84, 86, 137

radio broadcasts from, 37

siege of, 33, 36–37, 46, 74–75, 83–84, 136–37, 202, 249, 261

surrender of, 86–87, 96, 243

Crel in, Erwin, 40, 43–44

crocodiles, 204–5

Cronin, Ray, 312

Crosland, Donald “Shorty,” 40–41

Cuba, 33

Cummings, Wil iam T., 37

Custer, George, 31

Czech nationals, at Camp O’Donnel , 380
n

Daan-Lungsod,
184,
246–47, 260

Dallas Morning News,
295

Daly, Charles, 369
n

Dansalan prison camp, 240

Darnton, Byron, 278

Davao City,
6,
16, 115, 122, 140, 160,
184,
189, 196, 216, 239–40, 344

Davao escapees:

Anibogan-Lungaog railway and, 160, 192, 205, 209–11

Davao swamp to Kapungagan, 198–207, 208–21, 224–28

division of group at Buenavista, 236

division of group at Medina, 259–60, 287

fiestas for, 214, 220–21, 246–47

first day, 185–95

income from publishing deals divided among, 341, 346

Japanese patrols and, 210, 214–16, 221, 261, 266–68

Kapunagagan to Medina, 229–45

Medina to Dumanquilas Bay, 246–62, 263–73

rendezvous of USS
Trout
and, 264–65

see also
escape plans

Davao Gulf, 115–16,
184

Davao Penal Colony (Dapecol), 116–18, 119–42, 143–57, 158–67, 168–81,
184,
216, 238, 244, 249, 336, 353

aftermath of escape at, 195–98, 221–24, 339

American administration at, 169–70, 222

chicken farm at, 134–35, 147–48, 190

Christmas celebration at, 141–42

classes and tournaments at, 165

coffee farm at, 140, 146–47, 159, 166, 172, 190

cornfield at, 135

daily routine at, 126–27

disease at, 126–27, 131–32, 164

escapees from,
see
Davao escapees

escape planning at,
see
escape plans

failed rescue of POWs at, 342–45

Filipino civilians at, 123, 128, 141–42

Filipino convicts (colonos) at, 123, 128, 149, 162, 165, 191

Filipino hospital at, 128, 163, 195

food pilfering at, 127–28, 131, 139, 146–48, 154, 175

food rations at, 119, 130–31, 140, 153, 223, 274

goldbricking at, 128

guards at, 128–30, 135, 139, 146, 172–76, 180–81, 188–90, 222–23

Japanese-POW basebal game at, 155–56

layout of,
120–21,
124–25

Mactan rice fields at, 126–27, 132–33, 146, 178

“Operation Chicken” at, 147–48, 161

plowing detail at, 126, 145–46, 159, 164–65, 166, 170, 172, 189

postcards from POWs at, 144–45

POW hospital at, 128, 131, 180–81

POWs relocated from, 343, 349

Red Cross packages at, 143–44, 145

rumors at, 143, 159, 197

shooting squad policy at, 153, 196, 223

“Toonervil e Trol ey” at, 126, 134, 178

as ultra-maximum-security prison, 123

work details at, 126–27, 132–33, 145–46, 159, 179

Davao Penal Farm, 353–54

Davao Province, Japanese settlers in, 122

Davao swamp, 123, 158–59, 192, 198–207, 208–9, 221

David, Eligio, 219, 221, 229

Davidson, Roy E., 303

Davis, Elmer, 282, 301, 309–13, 315–16, 324

Davis, John Arthur, 339

Daws, Gavan, 149

“Death Was a Part of Our Life” (McCoy, Mel nik, and Kel ey), 323

de Jesus, Roberto, 265

de Juan, Casiano “Big Boy,” 212–19, 230, 236, 253, 298, 349, 350–51

de la Cruz, Benigno, 195

in escape planning, 163–64, 166–67, 176, 178, 390
n

in guerril a army, 247, 349–50

postwar career of, 350

Quezon’s pardon of, 287, 343

de la Cruz, Benigno, in escape from Davao:

Davao swamp to Kapungagan, 198–99, 204, 209, 211–12

first day, 191–92, 194

Del Monte Field, Mindanao, 365
n

del Mundo, Wenceslao “Ben,” 317–18

dengue fever, 96–97, 131

Detroit Free Press,
333

Dewey, George, 10

diarrhea, 78, 97

Dil , John, 32

Dinas River, 269

diphtheria, 97

Distinguished Service Cross (DSC), 275, 299, 350

Dobervich, Mike, 46–47, 48–49, 89, 97, 340

background of, 48

in Bataan Death March, 75

at Cabanatuan, 93–95, 105, 108, 110

at Camp O’Donnel , 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 380
n

at Davao, 127–28, 141–42, 152–53, 161–62, 164–66, 168–71, 174, 177–78, 180–81

DSC awarded to, 299–300

on
Erie Maru,
112–15

in escape planning, 114–15, 142, 152–53, 161, 162, 166, 174, 177–78, 180–81

in march to Davao, 117

at Peleliu, 341

postwar career of, 341

in San Francisco, 299–300

Dobervich, Mike, in escape from Davao:

Davao swamp to Kapungagan, 198–200, 205, 210, 227

and division of group at Medina, 259–60

evacuated by USS
Narwhal,
296–99

first day, 186, 190–91

Kapunagagan to Medina, 229–30

at Medina, 247, 252

in USFIP, 247

Dobervich, Obrad, 48

“dogfaces,” 34–35, 372
n

Domei news agency, 69, 322

Donalson, I. B. “Jack,” 51–52

Don Esteban,
84

Donohoe, Jack, 14, 66, 196, 223

Doolittle Raid, 250

Japanese execution of captured fliers from, 285, 311

Dower, John, 285

drop foot, 131

dry beriberi, 131

Duck (biplane), 49, 50, 51–52, 57

Dueñas, Magdaleno, 230, 234, 350

Dumanquilas Bay, 265, 270–73

Dunmore, Pa., 85

Dutch East Indies, 16, 23, 30, 109

Dyess, Elizabeth Nel , 12

Dyess, Hal ie, 2, 3, 13, 294

Dyess, John, 12

Dyess, Marajen Stevick, 2, 13, 279, 293, 300, 301, 305

Dyess, Richard, 2, 3, 12–13, 295, 305, 310

Dyess, Wil iam Edwin “Ed,” ix, 1, 11, 15, 36, 44, 54, 197

Albany (Texas) speech of, 293–96

in Ashford Hospital, 277–80, 288, 293

atrocities recounted by,
see
atrocity stories, of Dyess

background of, 12–13

on Bataan Death March, 61–62, 64–65, 70–71, 72–73, 82, 306

book deal of, 341

as bul -cart driver, 145–46, 161, 172–75

in Burbank, 300–305

at Cabanatuan, 96, 97–98, 100–103, 107–9

at Camp O’Donnel , 76, 78, 82–83, 306

at Davao, 122, 128, 144–46, 151–53, 155, 160–61, 165–66, 171–75, 177, 179–80, 196

debriefings of, 3, 274, 277

diseases contracted by, 97–98, 144

DSC awarded to, 275

on
Erie Maru,
114–15

in escape planning, 114–15, 151–53, 161, 166, 171–75, 177, 179–80, 306

and FEAF evacuation of Bataan, 51–52

fatal crash of, 302–6, 318

flying as love of, 12–13

479th Fighter Group assignment of, 302

Fourth Air Force assignment of, 294

funeral of, 306–7

gag order on, 278, 285–86, 293, 300

as natural leader, 14, 18, 53, 54, 65, 82, 264, 288

religious faith of, 13, 98, 190

selflessness of, 305–6

sense of humor of, 13–14, 41

Soldier’s Medal awarded to, 348

in Subic Bay raid, 3, 39–43, 114, 146, 278

surrender of, 56–57

as 21st Squadron commander, 8, 17, 18, 20, 125

War Department deposition of, 277–78

Dyess, Wil iam Edwin “Ed”, in escape from Davao, 244, 298, 306

in Australia, 274–76, 284

Davao swamp to Kapungagan, 199–207, 211, 213, 216–17, 220–21, 227

first day, 185–90, 192–93, 195

Kapungagan to Medina, 233

Medina to Dumanquilas Bay, 256–62, 263–64, 266, 268–71

Dyess Air Force Base, 348

Dyess legend, 278–79

Dyess Story, The
(Dyess), 341

dysentery, 78, 96, 245

Early, Stephen, 314–16, 323–24

East Road, 63, 65, 68, 70

Eden, Anthony, 322

Einstein, Albert, 326

Eisenhower, Dwight D., 34, 371
n
-72
n

elephantiasis, 96

El is, Roland, 304

El Salvador, Misamis Oriental,
184,
248

Emmons, Delos C., 322

encephalitis, 96

Enola Gay,
331

Enoura Maru,
xiii

Erie Maru, 60,
110–16, 136, 141, 154, 343

escape plans:

of combined group, 157, 158–67, 168, 170–81

of Dyess group, 114–15, 142, 151–57

equipment and food supplies for, 161–62, 170–74, 179

last-minute postponement of, 177–78

of McCoy group, 133–35, 139–40, 146–50, 156–57

quinine tablets for, 174–76

see also
Davao escapees

Esperanza,
184,
235

Espionage Act (1917), 286

Esquire,
3

Europe First strategy, 32–33, 282, 283–84, 321, 328, 331

Executive Order 9066, 31

Executive Order 9182, 281

Far East Air Force, U.S. (FEAF), 16, 38, 54

3rd Pursuit Squadron, 17

5th Interceptor Command, 7, 44

17th Pursuit Squadron, 7

20th Pursuit Squadron, 20, 39

21st Pursuit Squadron, 2, 7, 15–16, 17, 18, 20, 62, 82, 125, 339

Far East Air Force, U.S. (FEAF) (
cont.
)

evacuation from Bataan of, 51–52

as understrength, 15

Farm Project No. 1 (Lanao airfield), 289, 297, 317

FBI, 250

Federated Organizations for Bataan Relief, 332

Fertig, Wendel W.,
184,
242, 247, 251, 261, 296, 344, 345