Duncan Hines (44 page)

²³⁶
Contract with Duncan Hines and R. R. Donnelley and Sons Company, March 1938.

²³⁷
Hotel receipt, St. Charles Hotel, New Orleans, 18 March 1938.

²³⁸
Hines,
Adventures in Good Eating
, 175.

²³⁹
Documents, R. R. Donnelley & Sons Company with Duncan Hines and Adventures in Good Eating, Inc., 14 February 1938-2 May 1938.

²⁴⁰
Hotel receipt, Walnut Park Plaza, Philadelphia, 21 May 1938.

²⁴¹
Hines,
Food Odyssey
, 32. The hotel is located at 2 East 55th Street.

²⁴²
Hines,
Adventures in Good Eating
, 209.

²⁴³
Hines,
Food Odyssey
, 32-34.

²⁴⁴
Receipt from R. R. Donnelley to Duncan Hines, 1 July 1938.

²⁴⁵
MacKaye, “Where Shall We Stop for Dinner?,” 17.

²⁴⁶
“From Hobby to Publishing,”
Publisher's Weekly
134 (6 August 1938): 354-55.

²⁴⁷
Hotel receipts, Deshler-Wallick Hotel, Columbus OH, 11 August 1938.

²⁴⁸
Hines,
Food Odyssey
, 150.

²⁴⁹
Hotel receipts, Commodore Perry Hotel, Toledo OH, 22-23 August 1938.

²⁵⁰
This restaurant was located at 436 Huron Street.

²⁵¹
This restaurant was located at the intersection of Madison and Erie Street.

²⁵²
Park City Daily News, 1
September 1938.

²⁵³
Chicago Daily Tribune
, 7 September 1938. The funeral was held in the chapel at 4227 Cottage Grove Avenue. The author has not yet located the grave site.

²⁵⁴
I. A. Bench (secretary to Duncan Hines) to Franklin M. Watts, 9 September 1938.

²⁵⁵
Ernie Pyle, Scripps-Howard news service, 10 September 1938.

²⁵⁶
Trade-Mark certificate, United States Patent Office, 28 February 1939. On 19 September 1938, Hines filed an application with the United States Patent Office to have Adventures in Good Eating, Inc. registered as an official trademark under the protection of the laws of the United States. On 28 February 1939, Hines was awarded Trade-Mark No. 365,202, and it remained in force for twenty years.

²⁵⁷
Horace Sutton, “Wayfarer's Guardian Angel,”
Saturday Review of Literature
31 (27 November 1948): 38.

²⁵⁸
Duncan Hines to I. A. Bench, 27 November 1938.

²⁵⁹
Interview with Cora Jane Spiller, 16 August 1993.

²⁶⁰
M. Lincoln Schuster to Duncan Hines, 30 November 1938.

²⁶¹
Duncan Hines to Frank M. Watts, 9 June 1939.

²⁶²
Adventures in Good Eating, Inc. v. Best Places To Eat, Inc. and Carl A. Barrett, civil action no. 1844 (1940), 31.

²⁶³
Milton MacKaye, “Where Shall We Stop for Dinner?,”
The Saturday Evening Post
211 (3 December 1938): 17.

²⁶⁴
Phyllis Larsh, “Duncan Hines,”
Life
21/2 (8 July 1946): 16.

²⁶⁵
MacKaye, “Where Shall We Stop for Dinner?,” 80.

²⁶⁶
Anna Rothe, ed.,
Current Biography
(New York: H. W. Wilson, 1946) 261.

²⁶⁷
Interview with Mary Herndon Cohron, 29 August 1994.

²⁶⁸
Clementine Paddleford, “60,000 Miles of Eating,”
This Week Magazine
(12 January 1947): 12.

²⁶⁹
David M. Schwartz, “Duncan Hines: He Made Gastronomes Out of Motorists,”
Smithsonian
15 (November 1984): 92.

²⁷⁰
MacKaye, “Where Shall We Stop for Dinner?,” 80.

²⁷¹
Ibid.

²⁷²
Schwartz, “Duncan Hines,” 92.

²⁷³
Milton MacKaye, “Where Shall We Stop for Dinner?,”
The Saturday Evening Post
211 (3 December 1938): 82.

²⁷⁴
Ibid., 80.

²⁷⁵
Duncan Hines,
Adventures in Good Eating
, (Bowling Green KY: Adventures in Good Eating, Inc., 1941) 26.

²⁷⁶
MacKaye, “Where Shall We Stop for Dinner?,” 80.

²⁷⁷
Their guest told the Wakefields, as she made her exit, that she would send them a check.

²⁷⁸
Duncan Hines,
Duncan Hines' Food Odyssey
(New York: Thomas Y. Crowell, 1955) 72.

²⁷⁹
MacKaye, “Where Shall We Stop for Dinner?,” 81-82.

²⁸⁰
Hines,
Food Odyssey
, 72-73.

²⁸¹
Clementine Paddleford, “60,000 Miles of Eating,”
This Week Magazine
(12 January 1947): 12.

²⁸²
Hines,
Adventures in Good Eating
, 148.

²⁸³
Hines,
Food Odyssey
, 73. After 37 years of feeding the public, the Wakefields retired from the Toll House in 1967. It folded as an institution about 1970. Frank Saccone purchased the building in September of 1972 and reopened it in June 1973. Ruth Wakefield died at age 73 in 1977. At 11:30
P.M.
on 31 December 1984, fire swept through the historic structure, demolishing it completely. Kenneth Wakefield, then 87 years old, said he would miss it.
Brockton
[Mass.]
Enterprise
, 2 January 1985.

²⁸⁴
Paddleford, “60,000 Miles of Eating,” 12.

²⁸⁵
Hines,
Adventures in Good Eating
, 117.

²⁸⁶
Hines,
Food Odyssey
, 169-71.

²⁸⁷
MacKaye, “Where Shall We Stop for Dinner?,” 81.

²⁸⁸
Hines,
Food Odyssey
, 115-17.

²⁸⁹
Ibid., 123.

²⁹⁰
Hines,
Adventures in Good Eating
, 81.

²⁹¹
Hines,
Food Odyssey
, 123-24.

²⁹²
Ibid., 124.

²⁹³
MacKaye, “Where Shall We Stop for Dinner?,” 82.

²⁹⁴
Fort Lauderdale
[Florida]
News and Sun-Sentinel
, n.d.

²⁹⁵
MacKaye, “Where Shall We Stop for Dinner?,” 82.

²⁹⁶
Hines,
Food Odyssey
, 125.

²⁹⁷
MacKaye, “Where Shall We Stop for Dinner?,” 82.

²⁹⁸
Hines,
Adventures in Good Eating
, 225.

²⁹⁹
Phyllis Larsh, “Duncan Hines,”
Life
21/2 (8 July 1946): 17.

³⁰⁰
Hines,
Adventures in Good Eating
, 135.

³⁰¹
MacKaye, “Where Shall We Stop for Dinner?,” 82.

³⁰²
Hines,
Adventures in Good Eating
, 215.

³⁰³
Duncan Hines to I. A. Bench, 11 December 1938.

³⁰⁴
Interview with Cora Jane Spiller, 16 August 1993.

³⁰⁵
Proposal for Directories, R.R. Donnelley & Sons Company to Adventures in Good Eating, Inc., 1 February 1939.

³⁰⁶
Milton MacKaye, “Where Shall We Stop for Dinner?”
The Saturday Evening Post
211 (3 December 1938): 82.

³⁰⁷
Proposal for Directories.

³⁰⁸
Adventures in Good Eating, Inc. v. Best Places To Eat, Inc. and Carl A. Barrett, civil action no. 1844 (1940) 36.

³⁰⁹
Boston Herald
, 23 June 1939.

³¹⁰
Spiller, 16 August 1993.

³¹¹
The Morrison Hotel was located in Chicago at the corner of Madison and Clark Streets and was popular with businessmen because of its central location.

³¹²
Interview with Elizabeth Duncan Hines, 30 August 1993. She should have been scared, as this was one of the few known instances where Duncan Hines drove at night.

³¹³
Duncan Hines,
Adventures in Good Cooking
(Bowling Green KY: Adventures in Good Eating, Inc., 1939) ii.

³¹⁴
Interview with Caroline Hines Tyson, 27 July 1994.

³¹⁵
Elizabeth Duncan Hines, 30 August 1993.

³¹⁶
Spiller, 16 August 1993.

³¹⁷
Interview with Sara Jane Meeks, 7 June 1994.

³¹⁸
Spiller, 16 August 1993.

³¹⁹
The Bowling Green bank that held his office was on State Street between Main and 10th Streets.

³²⁰
Spiller, 16 August 1993 and 10 May 1994.

³²¹
Ibid.

³²²
Ibid., 10 May 1994.

³²³
Meeks, 7 June 1994.

³²⁴
Spiller, 10 May 1994.

³²⁵
Meeks, 7 June 1994. In the 1950s, long after Hines had moved his office and home outside of town, when a secretary took dictation from him, it was usually done in his living quarters. The office was one large room and giving dictation was not only distracting to the other employees, it was also annoying to Hines; listening to his secretaries bang away on their typewriters without losing his train of thought was no environment in which to give dictation. Therefore,
Hines had a small office in his living quarters for this purpose, which he called “the library.” When Meeks first saw it, she wondered if Hines belonged to a book club. The sight of so much reading material led her to believe him to be a voracious reader. She said that “when he would come back from a trip not only would there be a pile of letters on his desk waiting for him to answer, but there would also be on the floor an enormous pile of magazines, newspapers and especially books that had accumulated in his absence…. He had a lot of books.” The library was “right by the window, and I would sit there and take dictation, and then, when I would finish, I would go back to the office to type the letter, and then he would come out there and sign it.” Hines needed the library so he could concentrate as he composed material for both magazine articles and the material in his books, activities he could not accomplish if he had the constant clatter of the office about him. But in mid-1939 the “library” was just a thought and months away from realization. In the meantime Hines had to contend with the cramped office space and its physical limitations.

³²⁶
Spiller, 16 August 1993.

³²⁷
Interview with Thomas C. Dedman, 19 May 1994.

³²⁸
Duncan Hines,
Lodging for a Night
, (Bowling Green KY: Adventures in Good Eating, Inc. 1939) vi-vii.

³²⁹
Ibid., viii-ix.

³³⁰
Ibid., 250.

³³¹
Jack Bruce to Duncan Hines, 25 April 1939.

³³²
Duncan Hines Cave City Rotary Club speech, 18 August 1943.

³³³
Duncan Hines to F. H. Marquis, 1 June 1939.

³³⁴
R. R. Donnelley & Sons Company to Duncan Hines, 1 September 1939.

³³⁵
Interview with Cora Jane Spiller, 10 May 1994.

³³⁶
Interview with Cora Jane Spiller, 16 August 1993.

³³⁷
Interview with Duncan Welch, 7 March 1995.

³³⁸
Emelie E. Hines death certificate.

³³⁹
Marriage certificate for Duncan Hines and Emelie E. Tolman, Aransas County, Rockport TX, issued 9 December 1939; returned and filed by W. R. Ellis, Justice of the Peace, 11 December 1939, no. 224.

³⁴⁰
Spiller, 16 August 1993.

³⁴¹
In 1994 the author visited this still standing structure at 1032 College Street, between 10th and 11th Streets. Most of its interior was exactly as Hines and Emelie left it. All the bathroom arrangements were still intact—the floor tiles, the sink, the toilet, even the old-fashioned bathtub; none had been replaced.

³⁴²
Spiller, 10 May 1994.

³⁴³
Ibid., 16 August 1993 and 10 May 1994.

³⁴⁴
Warren County Deed Book, # 186, 11 October 1939.

³⁴⁵
Oklahoma City Times
, 4 December 1939.

³⁴⁶
E. Eastman Irvine, ed.
The World Almanac and Book of Facts for 1939
(New York NY: World-Telegram, 1939). Some of that year's top ten non-fiction best sellers included
Mein Kampf
by Adolph Hitler;
Listen to the Wind
by Anne Morrow Lindbergh, which had sold 200,000 copies by 1 March;
A Peculiar Treasure
by Edna Ferber;
Alone
by Richard E. Byrd; and
Benjamin Franklin
by Carl Van Doren, which had sold 187,000 copies by 1 June.

³⁴⁷
Duncan Hines to Frank M. Watts, 28 December 1939. One should note that
Adventures in Good Cooking
had sold reasonably well in three months, considering that it was given almost no publicity.

³⁴⁸
Interview with Larry Williams, 31 March 1995.

³⁴⁹
Interview with Paul W. Moore, 31 August 1994; interview with Larry Williams, 31 March 1995. The original name of the Williams Printing Company was the Folk-Keeling Company, which was purchased by brothers Roy and Fletcher Williams on 8 August 1911 and thus acquired its new name. The business did relatively well for a number of years; when the Depression began, the Williams brothers saved their company from bankruptcy by making their relatives and a friend co-owners. The owners of the firm were Roy and Fletcher Williams, their brother, Tom Williams, their brother-in-law E. A. Burgstrom, and James Overall; each invested $1,000. When they needed more cash, the Williams brothers' two sisters, Clara and Ruth, collectively put up another $1,000. The $6,000 they pooled together enabled the firm to keep the bank from closing its doors. During the Depression, when most Nashville printers were permanently closing their doors for lack of business, the Williams firm was kept alive mostly by their largest customer, the Life and Casualty Insurance Company. The Williams Printing Company's first address in Nashville was 161 4th Avenue North; the company moved in 1933 to 417 Commerce Street, next door to the Ryman Auditorium. In 1983 the firm moved to another Nashville address. The Commerce Street location was the only one of which Duncan Hines was familiar; it is now a parking lot.