Drinking Water (43 page)

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Authors: James Salzman

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p. 221

and the teaser headline: “Hot Bachelors,”
People
, June 30, 2008, 99.

p. 223

the exercise of a human faculty: <
http://dowsers.org/dowsing/about-asd/history-of-dowsing
>.

p. 223

the famed skeptic” <
http://www.randi.org/encyclopedia/dowsing.html
>.

8: Finding Water for the Twenty-First Century

p. 225

“a shocking plot to sell”: “H
2
O,” Canadian Broadcasting Corporation,
http://www.cbc.ca/h2o/index.html
.

p. 226

past fifty years to transport: See Adam Dicke, “Bulk Water Transfers,”
Water Is Life
,
http://academic.evergreen.edu/g/grossmaz/DICKEAC
.

p. 226

the water to Asian markets: Lynette Kalsnes, “Great Lakes Face Increasing Pressure for Water from World, Own Backyard,” WBEZ95.1, June 21, 2011,
http://www.wbez.org/frontandcenter/2011-06-21/great-lakes-face-increasing-pressure-water-world-own-backyard-88159
.

p. 226

“Once the tap is turned on”: Maude Barlow, “The Globalization of Water,”
Global Water Issues
,
http://www.enviroalternatives.com/waterglobal.html
.

p. 227

“fair is fair, and Great Lakes”: “Barricading the Great Lakes,”
Los Angeles Times
, Feb. 13, 1985.

p. 227

level has fallen to the lowest: Glennon,
Unquenchable
, 98.

p. 227

“no interest in feeding”: “Canada’s water isn’t for sale,”
Montreal Gazette
, July 22, 2001, A18.

p. 227

“will allow elites to assure”: Martin O’Malley and Angela Mulholland, “Canada’s Water,” CBC News Online,
http://www.portaec.net/library/ocean/water/canadas_water.html
.

p. 228

the plot of the H
2
O television series: Steve Maich, “America Is Thirsty,”
Maclean’s
, Dec. 28, 2005, 26–30.

p. 228

Toronto withdraws 1.7 billion liters: “Toronto Water at a Glance,” Toronto.ca,
http://www.toronto.ca/water/glance.htm
.

p. 228

shipping channel that flows: Robert Loeffler, “The Great Lakes Water Drain,”
Earth Watch Ohio
,
http://www.ecowatch.org/pubs/febmar08/great_lakes_drain.htm
.

p. 228

“crops that are then shipped”: Maich, “America Is Thirsty,” 8.

p. 228

“the economic climate in northern Ontario”: Aaron Freeman, “Blue Gold: The Political Economy of Water Trading in Canada,”
Multinational Monitor
, Apr. 1, 1999.

p. 229

in containers of twenty liters: Noah Hall, “Capping the Bottle on Uncertainty: Closing the Information Loophole in the Great Lakes–St. Lawrence River Basin Water Resources Compact,”
Case Western Law Review
60 (2010), 1211.

p. 230

“no one can use it”: Fishman,
The Big Thirst
, 85.

p. 230

“better cheap politics than water”: Ibid.

p. 231

the twenty-first century’s equivalent: Marc Champion, “Water Hogs on the Ski Slopes,”
Wall Street Journal
, Jan. 24, 2008.

p. 231

six ships per month: “Thirsty Barcelona Gets Water Shipments,” Sky News,
http://news.sky.com/home/sky-news-archive/article/1315908
.

p. 231

“a drive-through hamburger”: Brian McAndrew, “There’s minimal legislation to stop the export of Canada’s greater natural resource—Water up for grabs,”
The Guelph Mercury
, Sept. 25, 1999.

p. 232

but Pickens believes time: Susan Berfield, “T. Boone Pickens Thinks Water is the New Oil—And He’s Betting $100 Million that He’s Right,”
Bloomberg Business Week
, June 12, 2008.

p. 232

proposals to tow icebergs: Thomas K. Grose, “Just Thaw and Serve,”
Time
, May 29, 2011.

p. 232

they already push icebergs: Michael Ryan, “Iceberg Wrangler,”
Smithsonian
, Feb. 2003.

p. 232

poles and the equatorial regions: “Water from Icebergs,” National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration,
http://oceanexplorer.noaa.gov/edu/learning/player/lesson12/l12la1.html
.

p. 232

“the purest water”: Grose, “Just Thaw and Serve.”

p. 233

“underappreciated, mispriced”: Sarah O’Connor, “Traders seek a fresh well in world of commodities,”
Financial Times
, July 24, 2008.

p. 233

Otto Spork perpetrated fraud: OSC finds,
Financial Post
,
http://business.financialpost.com/2011/05/18/otto-spork-perpetrated-fraud-osc-finds/
.

p. 234

twelve thousand desalination plants: “Thirsty? How ’Bout a Cool, Refreshing Cup of Seawater?,” U.S. Geological Survey,
http://ga.water.usgs.gov/edu/drinkseawater.html
.

p. 234

such widespread adoption: Susanna Eden, Tim W. Glass, and Valerie Herman, “Desalination in Arizona—A Growing Component of the State’s Future Water Supply Portfolio,” Water Research Center, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences at the University of Arizona,
http://ag.arizona.edu/azwater/arroyo/Arroyo_2011.pdf
.

p. 234

ten times more expensive: Adam Bluestein, “Blue Is the New Green.” “The cost of producing 1 cubic meter (264 gallons) of desalinated water ranges from about $1 to $1.50, compared with 10 cents to 20 cents to obtain water from a reservoir or well. (Average U.S. daily household use is about 350 gallons.)”

p. 234

450 million liters a day: “Shoaiba, Saudi Arabia,” Water-Technology.net,
http://www.water-technology.net/projects/shoaiba-desalination
.

p. 235

Navy aircraft carrier: Tom Harris, “How Aircraft Carriers Work,” How Stuff Works, Aug. 29, 2002,
http://science.howstuffworks.com/aircraft-carrier.htm
.

p. 235

in a reverse osmosis plant: Glennon,
Unquenchable
, 155.

p. 235

capitalists clearly think: Bluestein, “Blue Is the New Green.”

p. 236

projects that desalinated water: Glennon,
Unquenchable
, 153.

p. 237

capillary condensation: John Roach, “Water Harvested from Diesel Exhaust,” Cosmic Log on
MSNBC.com
, Apr. 26, 2011,
http://cosmiclog.msnbc.msn.com/_news/2011/04/06/6419789-water-harvested-from-diesel-exhaust
. For more information about capillary action, see “Capillary Action,” U.S. Geological Survey,
http://ga.water.usgs.gov/edu/capillaryaction.html
. The site explains capillary action through a simple science experiment with water and celery.

p. 237

one gallon of diesel fuel: Roach, “Water Harvested from Diesel Exhaust,” 42.

p. 237

the LifeStraw is: Mike Hanlon, “The LifeStraw Makes Dirty Water Clean,”
Gizmag.com
,
http://www.gizmag.com/go/4418
.

p. 238

to drink from puddles: “Revolutionary ‘LifeStraw’ to assist during floods,” ABC News (Australia), May 6, 2011,
http://www.abc.net.au/news/2011-05-06/revolutionary-lifestraw-to-assist-during-floods/2706866
.

p. 238

as WaterMill produces: Bryn Nelson, “Turning Air Into Water? Gadget Does Just That,” Frontiers on
MSNBC.com
, Dec. 8, 2008,
http://www.msnbc.ms.com/id/28003681/ns/technology_and_science-innovation
.

p. 238

billboards in poor, rural areas: Andrew Chambers, “Africa’s not-so-magic roundabout,
Guardian
, Nov. 24, 2009,
http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2009/nov/24/africa-charity-water-pumps-roundabouts
.

p. 239

struggling to spin it: Freschi, “Some NGOs CAN adjust to Failure.”

p. 239

astronauts aboard: Seth Borenstein, “Astronauts Sample Recycled Urine, Sweat,”
Virginian Pilot-Ledger Star
, May 24, 2009, N6.

p. 239

transport the heavy liquid: “International Space Station,” NASA, Nov. 17, 2008,
http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/behindscenes/waterrecycler.html
.

p. 240

no matter how crystalline the water: Fishman,
The Big Thirst
, 157.

p. 240

recycling wastewater has become: Kathy Chu, “From toilets to tap: How we get tap water from sewage,”
USA Today
, Mar. 3, 2011.

p. 241

“better to be self-reliant”: Ibid.

p. 241

more expensive pipeline: Fishman,
The Big Thirst
, 154-165.

p. 242

your golden retriever: Maureen Cavanaugh and Gloria Penner, “Political Analysis: The Legacy of Toilet to Tap,” KPBS, Aug. 4, 2010,
http://www.kpbs.org/news/2010/aug/04/political-analysis-legacy-toilet-tap
.

p. 242

plant would treat sewage water: Tom Arrandale, “Flushing Away Fears: Toilets-to-Tap Water Recycling Gets Past the Yuck Factor,”
Governing
, May 2008,
http://www.sandiego.gov/water/waterreuse/pdf/flushingawayfears.pdf
.

p. 242

wash dishes and run faucets: “Water Use Statistics,”
DrinkTap.org
,
http://www.drinktap.org/consumerdnn/Home/WaterInformation/Conservation/WaterUseStatistics/tabid/85/Default.aspx
.

p. 244

gallons of gray water: Glennon,
Unquenchable
, 164.

p. 244

“charge industrial users”: Caigan Mackenzie, “Wastewater Reuse Conserves Water and Protects Waterways,” National Environmental Services Center, Winter 2005,
http://www.nesc.wvu.edu/ndwc/articles/OT/WI05/reuse.pdf
.

p. 244

13 percent of piped water is lost: “Water Use Statistics.”

p. 244

a major water pipe bursts: Charles Duhigg, “Toxic Waters: Saving U.S. Water and Sewer Systems Would Be Costly,”
New York Times
, Mar. 14, 2010.

p. 245

simply from leaking pipes: Bluestein, “Blue Is the New Green.”

p. 245

costs about $200 per foot: Fishman,
The Big Thirst
, 109.

p. 245

will span more than sixty miles: “New York Third Water Tunnel,” Wonders of the World Databank,
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/buildingbig/wonder/structure/ny_third_water.html
.

p. 246

“can’t go a day without water”: Charles Duhigg, “Saving U.S. Water and Sewer Systems Would Be Costly,”
New York Times
, Mar. 14, 2010.

p. 246

“water neutral”: Ling Woo Liu, “Water Pressure,”
Time
, June 12, 2008.

p. 246

badly burned by protests: Ibid.

p. 248

“rolling Thanksgiving dinner”: Gretchen Daily and Katherine Ellison,
The New Economy of Nature
(Washington, D.C.: Island Press), 74.

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