An Introduction to Islamic Law (57 page)

Kalimantan
90
,
159

Khan, President Ayyub
149

Khanate of Khiva
95

Khedive
105

Khomeini, Ayatullah
153
–54,
156
–57

Khul
67
–68,
124
,
125

Khurasan
52

kitab
(law book)
28

knowledge

legal
35
,
40
–42,
43
,
63
–64,
88
,
90

religious
142

Kurds
135

Land Law (1858)
99
–100

land ownership
23
,
100
,
110
,
113

Landraden
courts, in Indonesia
89

language, usage of
20
–21

law

five universal principles
26

four sources of
17

Muslim thinking
14

substantive
32

theory of (
usul al-fiqh
)
16
,
116

lawyer-jurists
154

Lebanon
122
,
138

legal schools (
madhhab
)
28
,
31
–37,
49

Egyptian Supreme Council and
103

legitimacy of children
131

overview
2

See also
Hanafi school
,
Hanbali school
,
Maliki school
,
Shafi
i school
,
Twelver (Ja
fari) school
,
Zaydi Shi
i school

legal systems, modern
7

legal verses
16

legists
33
,
55
,
63
,
72
,
80
,
92

Circle of Justice and
74

legitimacy

of children
131

political
42
–44,
50
,
52
,
73
,
76
,
77
,
78

Lev, D.
89

Libya
124
,
138

linguistics
19
,
88

litigants
61
,
62
,
63
,
75

local matters
77
,
79
,
97
,
124

See also
customary law

Loi Warnier
113

loyalty

doctrinal
32
,
33
–34

personal
50
–52

madhhab
See
legal schools (
madhhab
)

madrasa
s
38
–39,
45
,
47

in Algeria
114

Hanafi royal
80
,
81

in Indonesia
92
,
116

nature/constitution of
48
–49

Ottoman Empire and
55
–56,
96

proliferation of
47
–48,
54
–55

sultanic
56

waqf
and
49
–50

warlords and
52

Madura
90
,
92
,
159

Mahkamah Syariah (Shari
a courts, Indonesia)
159
–61

Mahmud II
97

maintenance, women’s right to
128

Majallat al-Ahkam al-
Adliyya
(Majalla)
101
–02

majlis
75
,
81

Malay States
59
,
115
,
139

male dominance
119
,
121
–22,
123
–26,
131

Malik
33

Maliki school
31
,
32
,
37
,
111
,
128
,
134
,
136

Mamluk elite
103

Mamluk empire
48
,
49

Mangits
95

Mansura
104

maritime commercial code
99

Marja
-Taqlid (Jurist-in-Charge)
152
–54,
156
–57

marriage
120

age of
129
–30

child
116
,
117
,
130

contracts
126
–39

court registration and
82

guardian
128
–29

Indonesian courts and
159

women and
123

Marriage, Act of (Iran)
152

Marriage Law (Indonesia)
159
,
161

masculine dominance
119
,
121
–22,
123
–26,
131

maslaha/istislah
(public interest)
22
,
25
,
26
–27

master-jurists
31
,
32
,
33
,
34
–36

Mawdudi, S. A. A.
142

mazalim
(courts of grievances)
74
,
75
,
77

Mecca
72

mediation
9
,
57
–59,
133
–34

Medina
72

military
73
–74

influences, on Ottoman Empire
93
,
95
,
96

military/naval supremacy, European
95
,
103

Ministry of Education (Iran)
152

Ministry of Interior (Indonesia)
159

Ministry of Justice

Egypt
127

Ottoman
101
,
102

Ministry of Pensions and Awqaf (Iran)
96

Ministry of Religious Affairs (Indonesia)
159
,
162

Mixed Bar Association
105

Mixed Courts
104
–06

modernization

Egypt and
143

Iran and
156
–57,
158

Muslim Brothers and
144

Pakistan and
148
,
149
,
151

See also
nation-states, modernization

morality
57
,
60
–64,
144
,
151

Morand, M.
113

Morocco
123
,
124
,
128
,
129
,
130
,
132

mosques
96

mufti
s
8
,
9
–10,
11
,
12
–13,
56

governor’s assemblies and
77

in India
85
,
86
,
88

legal knowledge and
14
,
53
–54,
63

in local councils
97
–98

qanun
and
78

in Syria/Egypt
81

Muhammad, Prophet
12
,
16
,
23
,
24
,
107

Muhammad
Ali
93
,
94
,
103
–04,
143

muhtasib
s (inspectors)
75

mujtahid
s
27
,
109

imams
36

mullah
s
108
,
157

munasaba
(suitability)
24
–25

municipal councils (Algeria)
114