A Great and Terrible King: Edward I and the Forging of Britain (89 page)

²⁸
PW
, 164; Johnstone,
Edward of Carnarvon
, 106–9; Loomis, ‘Arthurian Enthusiast’, 122–5;
Geoffrey of Monmouth
, ed. Thorpe, 225–30;
EHD
, iii, 260–1; Trivet, 408; C. Bullock-Davies,
Menestrellorum Multitudine: Minstrels at a Royal Feast
(Cardiff, 1978),
passim
.

²⁹
CDS
, ii, 476–7 (no. 1773); cf.
Ann. Lond
., 146.

³⁰
Barrow,
Bruce
, 153–4; Strickland, ‘Law of Arms’, 42.

³¹
Itinerary
, ii, 266–70;
SR
,147.

³²
CDS
, ii, 480 (no. 1790), 485–7 (no. 1811).

³³
Ibid., 478–80 (nos. 1780, 1786), 487–8 (nos. 1812–15); Strickland, ‘Law of Arms’, 42;
EHD
, iii, 261.

³⁴
Barrow,
Bruce
, 160–1, 163;
CDS
, ii, 483 (no. 1803), 485 (no. 1809).

³⁵
Itinerary
, ii, 270–3; Prestwich,
Edward I
, 507;
CPR, 1301–7
, 460;
CDS
, ii, 491 (no. 1832);
CCR, 1302–7
, 458.

³⁶
Barrow,
Bruce
, 161, 163–4.

³⁷
Ibid., 161–2; Strickland, ‘Law of Arms’, 40;
DNB
, liii, 35.

³⁸
Prestwich,
Edward I
, 509; idem, ‘Colonial Scotland’, 10–11; Barrow,
Bruce
, 161;
EHD
, iii, 262.

³⁹
PW
, 377–9; Johnstone,
Edward of Carnarvon
, 115–16.

⁴⁰
Chronicles of the Reigns of Edward I and Edward II
, ed. W. Stubbs (2 vols., Rolls Series, 1882–83), ii, 255;
Lanercost
, 210; Guisborough, 382–3. Cf. P. Chaplais,
Piers Gaveston: Edward II’s Adoptive Brother
(Oxford, 1994),
passim
.

⁴¹
Barrow,
Bruce
, 166, 169–72;
CDS
, ii, 504 (no. 1896).

⁴²
Itinerary
, ii, 280–1;
CDS
, ii, 508 (no. 1909); Barrow,
Bruce
, 173.

⁴³
Ibid., 172.

⁴⁴
Johnstone,
Edward of Carnavon
, 124–5.

⁴⁵
PW
, 380; Guisborough, 378–9; H. Moorman, ‘Edward I at Lanercost Priory, 1306–7’,
EHR
, 67 (1952), 167–8.

⁴⁶
Guisborough, 379; Trivet, 413–14; NA E101/370/15, m. 6, shows Edward leaving Carlisle on 26 June (my thanks to Henry Summerson for this reference).

⁴⁷
Guisborough, 379.

CHAPTER 12: A GREAT AND TERRIBLE KING

¹
Guisborough, 379; Prestwich,
Edward I
, 557; Chaplais,
Piers Gaveston
, 23–4; R. M. Haines,
King Edward II
(Montreal and London, 2003), 49.

²
EHD
, iii, 264;
Political Songs
, 244–6; W. Ullmann, ‘The Curial Exequies for Edward I and Edward III’,
Journal of Ecclesiastical History
, vi (1955), 26, 30; Guisborough, 379; Haines,
King Edward II
, 49.

³
Ibid.; Barrow,
Bruce
, 173; Guisborough, 379.

⁴
Ibid.; Prestwich,
Edward I
, 558.

⁵
Davies,
Empire
, 29;
EHD
, iii, 264; D. D’Avray,
Death and the Prince: Memorial Preaching before 1350
(Oxford, 1994), 71;
Commendatio
, xvi– xvii, 7, 11, 13–15.

⁶
Guisborough, 379;
EHD
, iii, 264, 905;
Commendatio
, 12–13, 16; Powicke,
Thirteenth Century
, 226, 233; Prestwich,
Edward I
, 84–5. For the one discordant (but deeply suspect) note, see ibid., 50, 110, 354.

⁷
Guisborough, 379;
EHD
, iii, 265;
Political Songs
, 242.

⁸
Trivet, 302; Howell,
Eleanor of Provence
, 298; D’Avray,
Death and the Prince
, 72; Powicke,
Thirteenth Century
, 338, 469–70.

⁹
Commendatio
, 16.

¹⁰
Ibid., 6; Trivet, 281.

¹¹
EHD
, iii, 905; D’Avray,
Death and the Prince
, 71;
Flores
, iii, 137–8; P. Brand, ‘Edward I and Justice’ (read 2007, as yet unpublished); above, 40.

¹²
Above, 89, 351–2; McFarlane, ‘Had Edward I a “Policy” towards the Earls’, 257–9; Powicke,
Henry III
, 706–7.

¹³
Flores
, iii, 327;
Political Songs
, 242, 249; D’Avray,
Death and the Prince
, 72;
Commendatio
, 7; Trivet, 413–14;
Adami Murimuthensis, Chronica sui temporis
, ed. T. Hog (London, 1846), 8–9.

¹⁴
M. Prestwich, ‘The Piety of Edward I’,
England in the Thirteenth Century: Proceedings of the 1984 Harlaxton Symposium
, ed. M. W. Ormrod (Woodbridge, 1985), 120–8. For the saints and their relics, see the forthcoming article by H. Summerson, originally entitled ‘The End of the Reign: Edward I at Carlisle’.

¹⁵
Commendatio
, 13; Parsons,
Eleanor of Castile
, 33; Gransden,
Historical Writing in England
, 504; Trivet, 282, 359.

¹⁶
Ibid., 281–3; Prestwich,
Edward I
, 111, 117; Howell,
Eleanor of Provence
, 84.

¹⁷
Flores
, iii, 329; D’Avray,
Death and the Prince
, 75–6; Prestwich,
Edward I
, 208, 498;
KW
, i, 413.

¹⁸
Prestwich,
Edward I
, 3, 63.

¹⁹
Commendatio
, 14.

²⁰
Flores
, iii, 137–8; M. D. Legge, ‘La Piere D’Escoce’,
Scottish Historical Review
, 38 (1959), 110–11;
Political Songs
, 242.

²¹
D’Avray,
Death and the Prince
, 72;
Roll of Arms…Caerlaverock
, ed. Wright, 9;
Commendatio
, 9–10.

²²
Taylor, ‘Death of Llywelyn ap Gruffydd’, 230; Davies,
Domination and Conquest
, 85–7, 108. For a contrary view, see Carpenter,
Struggle
, 19–24.

²³
Vale,
Angevin Legacy
, 21–47;
Bury
, 118;
Political Songs
, 247.

²⁴
Powicke,
Thirteenth Century
, 583; K. Stringer, ‘Scottish Foundations: Thirteenth-Century Perspectives’,
Uniting the Kingdom?
, ed. A. Grant and K. J. Stringer (London, 1995), 88–90.

²⁵
Johannis de Trokelowe et Henrici de Blaneforde, Chronica et Annales
, ed. H. T. Riley (Rolls Series, 1866), 74; Prestwich,
Edward I
, 128–9, 437, 489, 502, 521, 538; idem, ‘Colonial Scotland’, 10.

²⁶
Prestwich,
Edward I
, 492. Around the time of his investiture as prince of Wales, Edward of Caernarfon was given a book ‘concerning the deeds of the kings of England’. The earls of Lincoln (d. 1311) and Warwick (d. 1315) both owned copies of the Brut.
DNB
, xvii, 825; L. M. Matheson,
The Prose Brut
(Tempe, Arizona, 1998), 9–10.

²⁷
Lydon, ‘Edward I, Ireland and the War in Scotland’, 55–7; idem, ‘Ireland in 1297’, 23; Duffy,
Ireland in the Middle Ages
, 168; Davies,
Age of Conquest
, 425; idem,
Empire
, 181–2.

²⁸
Davies,
Age of Conquest
, 385–8, 419–21, 443–59; M. Prestwich,
Plantagenet England, 1225–1360
(Oxford, 2005), 164;
KW
, i, 389, 405–6.

²⁹
Davies,
Empire
, 22, 185; Carpenter,
Struggle
, 19; Barrow,
Bruce
, 172–3.

³⁰
Ibid., 174–232, 307.

³¹
DNB
, xvii, 827.

³²
Prestwich,
Plantagenet England
, 188, 201–2, 219–20.

³³
It is also, of course, a reference to Judas Maccabeus, whose exploits were depicted on the walls of the Painted Chamber. Reeve, ‘The Painted Chamber’, 20–1.

³⁴
Salzman,
Edward I
, 176;
EHD
, iii, 264.

³⁵
Binski,
Westminster Abbey
, 120, 198; Morris, ‘Architecture of Arthurian Enthusiasm’, 67–8.

Bibliography

PRIMARY SOURCES

The Acts of Welsh Rulers, 1120–1283
, ed. H. Pryce (Cardiff, 2005).

Adami Murimuthensis, Chronica sui temporis
, ed. T. Hog (London, 1846).

Anglo-Scottish Relations, 1174–1328
, ed. E. L. G. Stones (2nd edn, Oxford, 1970).

Annales Cambrie
, ed. J. Williams ab Ithel (Rolls Series, 1860).

‘Annales de Terre Sainte’, ed. R. Röhricht,
Archives de l’Orient Latin
, ii (1884).

‘Annales Londonienses’,
Chronicles of the Reigns of Edward I and Edward II
, ed. W. Stubbs, vol. 1 (Rolls Series, 1882).

Annales Monastici
, ed. H. R. Luard (5 vols., Rolls Series, 1864–69).