Would You Kill the Fat Man (28 page)

footbridge scenarios,
36
–
38
,
37
,
61
–
62
,
91
,
93
,
100
–
112
; monkey case,
132
; trap door case,
139
–
40
,
140
,

foresight,
28
–
31
,
42
–
43
,
54
,
68
,
74
,
80
,
121
–
22
,
177

free will,
90
–
91
,
96
,
145
,
202n11

Frege, Gottlob,
88

Gäfgen, Magnus: and kidnapping of Jakob von Metzler,
44
–
46
,
50
–
51
,
181

Gage, Phineas,
137
,
148
–
49

Game Theory,
158
–
59

Gaudi, Antoni,
32
,
53

Gettier, Edmund L, III,
89
–
90

Greene, Joshua,
136
–
41
,
147
–
48
,
202n19

Haidt, Jonathan,
111
,
132
–
33
,
148

Harcourt, William, Sir,
117
–
19

Hare, Richard,
79
–
80

Hauser, Marc,
113
,
123
,
200n4

heuristics,
143
–
44

Hobbes, Thomas,
162
–
63

homicide: intentional,
27
–
28
,
60
,
113
–
14
; warfare as,
73
–
74
; Zeebrugge Ferry Killer,
119
–
21

homosexuality,
61
,
72
,
109
,
148

hormones: and mating habits of voles,
156
–
57
; oxytocin,
156
,
165
–
66
; serotonin,
156
,
165
; testosterone,
156
,
165
; vasopressin,
156
–
57

Hume, David,
127
–
28
,
132

hypnotism,
133
–
34

Implicit Attitude Test (IAT),
157
–
58

inequality,
95

inhibitions, loss of,
137
,
145
,
152
,
156

innate morality,
107
,
111
–
13
,
200n1

intention: Aquinas and intentional murder,
27
–
28
; children and,
111
–
12
; DDE and,
28
–
30
; deontology and distinction between intentional and unintentional harm,
193n5
; direct
vs.
oblique,
28
–
29
,
74
; and Doctrine of Triple Effect,
54
; in Extra Push case,
64
,
65
–
66
;
vs.
foresight,
54
,
62
,
68
,
74
,
80
,
177
; “guided by evil,”
63
–
64
,
197n9
; homicide and,
27
–
28
,
60
,
113
–
14
; Kamm and,
24
–
25
,
54
–
56
; Knobe Effect and,
66
–
67
; Mikail and,
113
–
14
; Nagel and,
63
–
65
; in Six Behind One variant,
55
,
56
; in Spur,
55
–
56
; in Two Loop case,
65
,
66

Intention
(Anscombe),
61

Intricate Ethics
(Kamm),
97
–
100

An Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation
(Bentham),
70
–
72

intuition,
91
–
92
,
94
,
105
–
6
; behavioral economics and,
104
–
5
; dual neural systems and,
147
; as suspect or unreliable,
93
,
96
–
97
,
104
.
See also
moral intuition

Iphigenia in Aulis
(Euripides),
51

Is Justified True Belief Knowledge?
(Gettier),
89
–
90

Joaching, Robert Unger,
94
,
101
–
2

Johu, Hiroyuki,
94
,
101
–
2

Kahneman, Daniel: and Asian disease case,
104
–
5
; fast and slow dual neural systems,
147
–
48

Kamm, Frances,
53
–
56
,
97
–
100
,
174
; Doctrine of Triple Effect,
54
; Party case,
52
; Tractor Man case,
97
–
98
,
98
,; Tumble case,
98
–
99
,
99
,

Kant, Immanuel,
132
; Categorical Imperative,
47
–
48
,
196n5
; refuge case and,
170

Kenny, Anthony, Sir,
17
,
20
,
22
,
28
,
31

Kripke, Saul,
91
–
92

language: linguistics,
110
–
11
; ordinary language movement,
14
–
15
,
194n3
; private,
170

Lazy Susan case,
40
,
40
–
43

liberty,
96
.
See also
free will

lifeboat case,
123

Locke, John: cobbler and prince case,
170
; and
tabula rasa
,
162

logical positivism,
13
–
14
,
193n1

Loop case,
41
,
42
–
43
,
105

Maltese conjoined twins case,
121
–
22

Marcović, Mihailo,
22

Metzler, Jakob von,
44
–
46
,
50
–
51
,
181

Midgely, Mary,
100

Mikhail, John,
111
–
14
,
123

Milgram, Stanley,
128

Mill, James,
70
,
75
–
76

Mill, John Stewart,
70
,
75
–
78
,
95
–
96
,
198n20

monkey case,
132

Monsarrat, Nicholas,
28
–
29

mood: chemical manipulation of,
155
–
56
; as variable in moral judgment,
131
,
150

moral grammar,
122

moral intuition: Bentham and disregard for,
73
–
74
; of children,
111
–
12
; culture and moral judgment,
89
–
90
,
106
–
9
,
108
–
9
,
112
,
152
,
163
; DDE and,
31
–
34
,
38
; establishing principle and,
43
; as innate,
107
,
111
–
13
,
162
; Mikhail’s experiments and influences on,
113
–
14
; Moral Sense Test and,
92
; reflective equilibrium,
96
; as social or cultural,
88
–
89
; thought experiments as test of,
10
,
171
,
174
,
xiii
; utilitarianism and,
199n1
; weight and value of,
95
–
96
,
106
,
199n1

moral judgment: brain injuries or abnormalities and,
137
,
145
–
46
,
147
,
148
–
49
,
164
; chemical manipulation of,
154
–
58
; experience and,
162
; innate morality and,
107
,
111
–
13
; mood as variable in,
131
,
150
; parental and social influences on,
156

moral relativism,
200n1

Moral Sense Test (Harvard),
92
–
93
,
122

murder.
See
homicide

Murdoch, Iris,
4
–
5
,
17
–
19
,
179
–
80

Nagel, Thomas,
63
–
65

names, as influence on responses,
131
–
32

Natural Goodness
(Foot),
20
–
21

Navarro, Ruben,
102
–
3

Nazis: Eichmann and Kant’s Categorical Imperative as defense,
48
,
196n5
; London blitz during WWII,
3
–
7
; Nazi thought experiment,
122
–
23
,
149
;
Sophie’s Choice
(film),
121

Nazi Thought Experiment,
122
–
23
,
149

negative duty,
34

neurochemistry: oxytocin,
165
–
66
; propranolol,
154
–
55
; Prozac,
156
; serotonin,
158
,
165
; testosterone,
165
; vasopressin,
156
–
57

neuroscience,
135
–
52
; chemical modification of neuroprocesses,
154
–
58
(
See also
neurochemistry
); dual systems,
147
–
50
; Greene and,
136
–
41
,
147
–
48
; Haidt and (
See
Haidt, Jonathan
); Kahneman and (
See
Kahneman, Daniel
); neuroskepticism,
151
–
52
; opposition between emotion and calculation,
136
–
41
; Phineas Gage and,
137
,
148
–
49
; Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD),
154
–
55
; Ramachandran and,
147
; in relation to utilitarianism,
135
–
41
,
148
–
49
,
158

Nicomachean Ethics
(Aristotle),
172

Nozick, Robert: experience machine case,
170

nuclear weapons,
23
–
24

ordinary language movement,
14
–
15
,
194n3

organized labor: strikes,
59
–
60
,
158
–
59

organ transplants: real-life transplant case,
102
–
3
; theoretical transplant case,
33
–
34

Oxfam,
22
,
25

oxytocin,
165
–
66

Pareto, Vilfredo Federico Damaso,
115
–
17
; Pareto Efficiency,
117
,
120
,
121
; Pareto Principle,
116

Parfit, Derek: Tele-Transporter case,
170
–
71

Parker, Richard,
117
–
19

particularism,
173
–
74
,
204n9

Party case,
54

personal responsibility: DDE and,
31

pharmaceuticals (drugs),
155
–
58

Plato,
169
–
70

positive duty,
13
–
15
,
34

preexisting
vs.
created threat,
39
–
40

“The Problem of Abortion and the Doctrine of the Double Effect” (Foot),
25
,
28
–
29
,
61