Warrior Queens: Boadicea's Chariot (61 page)

12
Chibnall (X–1), p. 68.

13
The Historia Novella by William of Malmesbury
, edited by K. R. Potter (1955), pp. 3–5.

14
See Gillingham, John,
The Angevin Empire
(1984 pbk), p. 9 for the view that Henry had Geoffrey in mind as his successor at the time of the betrothal; Chibnall (X–1), p. 85; ‘no reliable evidence that he ever changed his mind about his heir’.

15
Cit. Strickland, Agnes,
Lives of the Queens of England
, Vol. I (reprint 1972), p. 203.

16
Gillingham (X–14), pp. 10–11.

17
Gesta Stephani
, edited and translated from the Latin by K. R. Potter, with a new Introduction and Notes by R. H. C. Davis (Oxford 1976), p. 5; William of Malmesbury (X–6), III, Part I, p. 389.

18
Fell, Christine, Clark, Cecily and Williams, Elizabeth,
Women in Anglo-Saxon England and the Impact of 1066
(1984), p. 170.

19
Strickland (X–15), p. 1 where the quotations are given in Latin, slightly mixed up.

20
Geoffrey of Monmouth,
Histories of the Kings of Britain
, translated by Sebastian Evans, introduction by Lucy Anne Paton (1934), p. 34.

21
See Reilly, Bernard F.,
The Kingdom of León-Castilla under Queen Urraca 1109–1126
(Princeton, New Jersey 1982), especially Ch. 12, pp. 352f.

22
DNB
(X–1); Chibnall (X–1), p. 94 note 103.

23
Gesta Stephani
(X–17), pp. 179–84.

24
The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle
, edited and translated by D. Whitelock, D. C. Douglas and S. I. Tucker (1961), p. 200.

25
Cit.
DNB
(X–1).

26
Strickland (X–15), p. 225 gives the various contemporary references;
Gesta Stephani
(X–17), pp. 94–5; William of Malmesbury (X–6), III, Part I, pp. 421–2.

27
Onslow (X–1), p. 106; Pain (X–1), p. 102.

28
Cit. Pain (X–1), pp. 85, 91.

29
Matthaei Parisiensis, Monachi Sancti Albani, Chronica Majora
, edited by H. R. Luard (part of
Rerum Britannicarum Medii Aevi Scriptores or, Chronicles and Memorials of Great Britain and Ireland During The Middle Ages
), Vol. II (1874), p. 324;
DNB
(X–1).

Chapter 11: Lion of the Caucasus

The principal sources for this chapter are W. E. D. Allen’s
History of the Georgian People
(XI–3) and D. M. Lang’s
The Georgians
(XI–7).

1
Professor Mariam Lordkipanidze, communication to the author; Kelly, Lawrence,
Lermontov: Tragedy in the Caucasus
(1983 pbk), p. 78.

2
‘The Demon’ translated by Robert Burness (Edinburgh 1918), cit. Kelly (XI–1), p. 79.

3
Thubron, Colin,
Among the Russians
(1985 pbk), p. 165; Allen, W. E. D.,
A History of the Georgian People: From the Beginning down to the Russian Conquest in the Nineteenth Century
(1932), pp. 40, 103.

4
Allen (XI–3), p. 2.

5
Shota Rustaveli,
The Knight in Panther’s Skin
, a free translation in prose by Katharine Vivian, Foreword by David Lang (1977), p. 39.

6
Allen (XI–3), pp. 39–40.

7
Cit. Lang, D. M.,
The Georgians
(1966), pp. 112, 28.

8
Lang (XI–7), pp. 64f. gives a good summary.

9
Cit. Allen (XI–3), p. 107.

10
Cit. Maclean, Sir Fitzroy,
To Caucasus
(1976), p. 20.

11
Allen (XI–3), p. 102.

12
d’Auriac, Eugène,
Thamar Reine de Géorgie
(Paris 1892), p. 2.

13
Allen (XI–3), p. 103.

14
Lang (XI–7), p. 225.

15
Allen (XI–3), p. 106.

16
d’Auriac (XI–12), pp. 9, 12.

17
Cit. Katharine Vivian to author.

18
d’Auriac (XI–12), p. 12.

19
Allen (XI–3), p. 103.

20
Titus Andronicus
, Act v, scene iii;
Georgian Shakespeariana
, III, edited and with a Foreword and notes by Nico Kiasashvili (seminar in Georgia to celebrate the 400th anniversary of Shakespeare’s birth) (Tbilisi 1964), p. 336.

21
Rustaveli (XI–5), p. 9.

22
Rustaveli (XI–5), p. 11.

23
The Georgian Chronicle
, cit. David Lang’s Foreword to Rustaveli (XI–5), p. 18.

24
Urushadze, Venera,
Shota Rustaveli’s The Knight in Panther’s Skin
, translated from the Georgian, Introduction by David M. Lang (Tbilisi 1979), p. 11.

25
Bowra, C. M.,
Inspiration and Poetry
(1955), pp. 45–67.

26
Allen (XI–3), p. 244: his own translation.

Chapter 12: Isabella with her Prayers

The principal modern sources consulted for this chapter are J. H. Elliot’s
Imperial Spain 1469–1716
(XII–1), J. N. Hillgarth’s
The Spanish Kingdoms 1250–1516
(XII–4) and F. Fernández-Armesto’s joint biography of Ferdinand and Isabella (XII–2).

1
J. H. Elliott’s
Imperial Spain 1469–1716
(1963), p. 65.

2
Cit. Fernández-Armesto, F.,
Ferdinand and Isabella
(1975), p. 96.

3
Fernández-Armesto (XII–2), p. 149.

4
Bernáldez cit. Hillgarth, J. N.,
The Spanish Kingdoms 1250–1516
(Oxford 1978), p. 451.

5
Hillgarth (XII–4), p. 483.

6
Cit. Fernández-Armesto (XII–2), p. 53.

7
See Elliott (XII–1), p. 11: ‘a consideration lately gives her the benefit of the doubt’.

8
Elliott (XII–1), pp. 10, 66.

9
Walsh, W. T.,
Isabella of Spain
(1931), p. 137.

10
Fernández-Armesto (XII–2), p. 83.

11
Fernández-Armesto (XII–2), p. 27.

12
Prescott, W. H.,
History of the Reign of Ferdinand and Isabella the Catholic
(new and revised edition 1885), p. 592 note 3.

13
Fernández-Armesto (XII–2), p. 64.

14
Fernández-Armesto (XII–2), p. 41.

15
Prescott (XII–12), pp. 591f.; Fernández-Armesto (XII–2), pp. 106f.

16
Hillgarth (XII–4), p. 363; and see Walsh (XII–9), p. 616 note 2 writing in 1931: ‘The canonization of Isabel as a saint has been urged strongly in Spain during the past year.’

17
Elliott (XII–1), p. 11.

18
Viaggio cit. Prescott (XII–12), p. 596.

19
Prescott (XII–12), p. 240.

20
Laffin, John,
Women in Battle
(1967), pp. 20–1.

21
Walsh (XII–9), p. 365.

22
Prescott (XII–12), p. 244.

23
Fernández-Armesto (XII–2), p. 90.

24
Elliott (XII–1), p. 20.

25
Prescott (XII–12), p. 240; Walsh (XII–9), p. 325.

26
Nervo, Baron de,
Isabella the Catholic: Queen of Spain. Her Life, Reign and Times 1451–1504
(1897), p. 203.

27
Nervo (XII–26), p. 195.

28
Fernández-Armesto (XII–2), p. 49; Walsh (XII–9), p. 22.

29
See Colby, Kenneth Mark, ‘Gentlemen, the Queen’,
Psychoanalytic Review
, Vol. 40 (1953), pp. 144–8.

30
Fernández-Armesto (XII–2), p. 136.

31
Ernst Breisach’s biography of Caterina Sforza (I–21) is the basis of the ensuing pages; see also Kelly (I–7), pp. 31f.

32
See Breisach (I–21), p. 296 note 99 for sources of the various versions.

33
Fernández-Armesto (XII–2), p. 55.

34
Elliott (XII–1), p. 42; Walsh (XII–9), p. 605.

Chapter 13: Elizabetha Triumphans

1
Harborowe
(III–9).

2
Knox (II–13), p. 12.

3
Knox (II–13), pp. 31f.

4
Knox, John,
History of the Church of Scotland
, cit. Knox (II–13), Appendix.

5
Abbott,
Aishah
(I–11), p. 176; see Phillips, James E., Jr, ‘The Background of Spenser’s Attitude Toward Women Rulers’,
Huntington Library Quarterly
(1941–2), pp. 5f.

6
Knox (II–13), pp. XVII, 31.

7
Knox (II–13), Appendix; Phillips, (XIII–5),
passim
.

8
Harborowe
(III–9),
passim
.

9
Ridley, Jasper,
Elizabeth 1
(1987), pp. 25–6, 85.

10
Prescott, H. F. M.,
Mary Tudor
(1953), p. 164.

11
Erickson, Carolly,
Bloody Mary
(1978), p. 56.

12
Waldman, Milton,
The Lady Mary: A Biography of Mary Tudor 1516–1558
(1972), p. 204.

13
Neale, J. E.,
Queen Elizabeth 1
(1960 pbk), p. 69.

14
Williams, Neville,
Elizabeth 1:Queen of England
(1971 pbk), pp. 48, 70.

15
Fraser, Antonia,
Mary Queen of Scots
(1969), p. 163;
Jewels and Plate of Queen Elizabeth 1: the Inventory of 1574
, edited by A. Jefferies Collins (1955), p. 112; Neale (XIII–13), p. 288.

16
Cit. Erickson (XIII–11), p. 388.

17
The Works of Anne Bradstreet in Prose and Verse
, edited by John H. Ellis (Charlestown 1867), p. 361.

18
Heisch, Allison, ‘Queen Elizabeth I and the Persistence of Patriarchy’,
Feminist Review
, February 1980, pp. 45–55.

19
Longford, Elizabeth,
Victoria
RI
(1964), p. 395.

20
Cit. Erickson (XIII–11), p. 390.

21
The Memoirs of Sir James Melville of Halhill
, edited and with an Introduction by Gordon Donaldson (1969), p. 37.

22
Buchanan cit. Phillips, James E., Jr, ‘The Woman Ruler in Spenser’s
Faerie Queene’
,
Huntington Library Quarterly
(1941–2), p. 220.

23
Strong, Roy,
The Cult of Elizabeth: Elizabethan Portraiture and Pageantry
(1977), p. 50.

24
Williams (XIII–14), p. 168.

25
Williams (XIII–14), p. 324.

26
Palliser, D. M.,
The Age of Elizabeth: England under the Later Tudors 1547–1603
(1983), pp. 12, 107f.; Adams, Simon, ‘The Queen Embattled: Elizabeth I and the Conduct of Foreign Policy’ in
Queen Elizabeth I: Most Politick Princess
, edited by Simon Adams,
History Today
special issue (1984).

27
Cit. Fraser,
Mary
(XIII–15), p. 344; Palliser (XIII–26), p. 108.

28
Creighton, Rev. Mandell,
Queen Elizabeth
(1896), p. 179.

29
Nichols, John (ed.),
Bibliotheca Topographica Britannica
, 2 vols (1780–90), Vol. I, Appendix VII pp. 525–6.

30
Williams (XIII–14), p. 290.

31
Williams (XIII–14), pp. 279, 347.

32
See Strong,
Cult
(XIII–23),
passim
; most recently Strong, Roy,
Gloriana: The Portraits of Queen Elizabeth I
(1987).

33
Strong,
Cult
(XIII–23), p. 47.

34
Jewels
(XIII–15), p. 112; Williams (XIII–14), pp. 350–1.

35
Dunlop, Ian,
Palaces and Progresses of Elizabeth 1
(1962), p. 85; Williams (XIII–14), p. 250.

36
Chambers, Anne,
Granuaile: The Life and Times of Grace O’Malley, c. 1530–1603
(Dublin 1983 pbk), Ch. VI, pp. 127f.