Warped Passages (76 page)

38
. The warp factor in the locally localized gravity model that Andreas Karch and I developed is the sum of a decreasing exponential function (like the warped geometries we have already considered) and an increasing exponential function. It is proportional to cosh(
kc
−
k
r
), where
k
is related to the bulk energy and
c
is related to the brane energy. Like the localized gravity warp factor we have already considered, this warp factor falls exponentially as you leave the brane. But unlike the previous case, the warp factor turns around and then exponentially increases. The four-dimensional graviton is localized in the region between the brane and this “turnaround” point. Beyond that distance, four-dimensional gravity no longer applies.

39
. Under T-duality, the compactification radius,
r
, is interchanged with its inverse, 1/
r
(with distances measured in units of the string length).

40
. The physicists Csaba Csaki, Joshua Erlich, and Christophe Grojean have, however, made the interesting observation that the speed of light and the speed of gravity can be different (the speed of gravity can actually be faster) if there is an
asymmetrically warped
spacetime in which the scalings of time and spatial coordinates along a fifth dimension are different from each other.

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Searchable Terms

Note: Entries in this index, carried over verbatim from the print edition of this title, are unlikely to correspond to the pagination of any given e-book reader. However, entries in this index, and other terms, may be easily located by using the search feature of your e-book reader.

Numbers in italics indicate Figures.

Abbott, Edwin A.:
Flatland: A Romance of Many Dimensions
18–19, 31, 52

acceleration 86, 87, 95–7, 100, 102–3, 109, 110

action at a distance 154

ADD
see
Arkani-Hamed; Dimopoulos; Dvali

ADD model 363–83, 395

Adelberger, Eric 374, 375

Adler, Steven 290

aether 89–90, 155

Agashe, Kaustubh 409n

Akulov, V.P. 259n

alpha particles 127, 173

Alvarez-Gaume, Luis 290

American Physical Society 235

anarchic principle 227–8, 238–9, 329, 335, 339–43, 349

angular momentum 55

anomalies 289–90, 342

anomaly mediation 345, 346–7

anthropic principle 300

anti de Sitter space 389–90, 407, 449, 450

antimuons 273

antineutrinos 166

antiparticles 159–61, 179, 226, 231

antiprotons 181, 182

antiquarks 172, 173, 233,
379

Antoniadis, Ignatius 359–60

Aristotle 66, 67

Arkani-Hamed, Nima 348, 349, 363–9, 371–4, 376, 377, 379, 380, 381, 383

see also
ADD model

Aspen Center for Physics 410, 411

astrophysics 456

atomic clocks 113

atoms 76–7, 82, 117–18, 123, 126–9, 147

Bacon, Francis 339

Banks, Tom 390, 452–3

Bell, John 290

Bern patent office 90, 113, 123

Berners-Lee, Tim 186

beta decay 166,
166
, 167, 168, 169

Big Bang 79, 179, 250, 282, 299

black holes 67, 112–13, 251, 280, 282–3, 454

higher-dimensional 8, 81, 380, 407, 11, 456–7

p
-branes 309

Schwarzschild and 67, 113

blackbodies 120–23,
122

blackbody spectra 122–3

Blondel, Alain 188

Bohr, Niels 118, 126, 128–30,
129
, 355

Boltzmann’s constant 474n10

Bolyai, Farkas 105n

Bolyai, János 105

Born, Max 131

Bose, Satyendra Nath 146

Bose-Einstein condensates 147–8

bosons 146–7, 149, 477n23

gauge
see
gauge bosons

integer spin 146, 258, 260

and supersymmetry 257–60, 264–5

Boston University 337, 441

boundary conditions 49

Bousso, Raphael 99

brane-worlds 7, 58–62, 83, 321–33

confining particles on different branes 335, 349

new length scales introduced into physics 332

particles and strings and branes 323–7

preservation of supersymmetry 343

see also
ADD model; HW; locally localized gravity; RS1; RS2; sequestered supersymmetry breaking

branes 6, 7, 49–53,
53
, 54–62, 305–6, 444,