Wallach's Interpretation of Diagnostic Tests: Pathways to Arriving at a Clinical Diagnosis (796 page)

BOOK: Wallach's Interpretation of Diagnostic Tests: Pathways to Arriving at a Clinical Diagnosis
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   Adults: WBC 0–5 cells/mm
3
, RBC 0/mm
3
   Newborns: WBC 0–30/mm
3
, RBC 0/mm
3

TABLE 16–17. Differential Counts for CSF (Mean ± SD)

*Submitted By Liberto Pechet, MD.

   Use
   Examination of CSF is required when CNS involvement by inflammatory, infectious, neoplastic, or neurologic complications are suspected. Up to 20 mL of fluid can be removed in the adult.
   CSF is divided into three sterile tubes:
   Chemistry and immunology studies
   Microbiology examinations
   Cell count, differential, and cytology (if indicated)
   Interpretation
   Increased number or red blood cells: either hemorrhagic tap or subarachnoid hemorrhage
   Increased number of neutrophils: bacterial or early viral CNS infection, early CNS TB, CNS syphilis, fungal infection, contamination with peripheral blood through traumatic tap, CNS hemorrhage
   Increased number of lymphocytes: viral infection of the CNS, CNS TB, acute lymphocytic leukemia or lymphoma of the CNS, cryptococcal infection of the CNS, fungal infection of the CNS, CNS syphilis, parasitic disease infecting the CNS, Guillain-Barré syndrome

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