Wallach's Interpretation of Diagnostic Tests: Pathways to Arriving at a Clinical Diagnosis (735 page)

   Cutoff concentration: 10 ng/mL

   No cross-reactivity with clonazepam, flunitrazepam, lorazepam and metabolites, and oxazepam

   EMIT (serum/urine)

   Target analyte: nitrazepam (urine), diazepam (serum)

   Cutoff concentration: 200 or 300 ng/mL urine, 50 ng/mL serum

   Due to low cross-reactivity, will
not
detect flunitrazepam, clonazepam, lorazepam (urine); low cross-reactivity with chlordiazepoxide and demoxepam (serum)

   Cross-reactivity with alprazolam manufacturer (vendor) dependent

   Confirmation for urine and serum

   Sample pretreatment necessary

   Derivatization may be necessary for metabolite detection.

   Hydrolysis of urine samples increases detectability.

   Gas chromatography (GC).

   HPLC.