Tropic of Chaos (45 page)

17
“Fewer Americans See Solid Evidence of Global Warming Modest Support for ‘Cap and Trade' Policy,” Pew Research Center for the People and the Press, October 22, 2009,
http://people-press.org/report/669/
.

18
Andrew Malone, “My Life on the Run: The Police ‘Spy' Lifts Lid on Eight Years As Eco-Warrior,”
Daily Mail
(UK), January 17, 2011; Matthew Taylor and Paul Lewis, “Undercover Police Officer Mark Kennedy at Centre of International Row,”
The Guardian
(UK), January 13, 2011. This outrageous abuse of police power took place under a Labour government purportedly committed to addressing climate change, and some of the intelligence gathered on radical grassroots activists went all the way to Prime Minister Tony Blair's desk.

19
Brian Tokar,
Toward Climate Justice: Perspectives on the Climate Crisis and Social Change
(Grenmarsvegen, Norway: Communalism Press, 2010), 13.

20
Suzanne Goldenberg, “Barack Obama's Key Climate Bill Hit by $45m PR Campaign,”
The Guardian
(UK), May 12, 2009.

21
Robert S. Eshelman, “Cracking Big Coal,”
The Nation
, May 3, 2010.

22
Henry Miller,
Tropic of Capricorn
, 293.

23
“Bolivia: Government to Announce Stimulus Package for SMEs,”
El Deber
, September 2, 2009.

24
John Vidal and Jonathan Watts, “Copenhagen Closes with Weak Deal That Poor Threaten to Reject—Non-Binding Accord Limits Temperature Rises but Includes No Emissions Targets,”
The Guardian
(UK), December 19, 2009.

25
Pablo Solon, “Why Bolivia Stood Alone in Opposing the Cancún Climate Agreement,”
The Guardian
(UK), December 21, 2010.

26
Damian Carrington, “WikiLeaks Cables Reveal How US Manipulated Climate Accord,”
The Guardian
(UK), December 3, 2010; also see the cable sent February 26, 2010, at 22: 41, “Secret Section 01 Of 03 STATE 018437,”
Guardian.co.uk
,
www.guardian.co.uk/world/us-embassy-cables-documents/251174?intcmp=239
.

27
“Methane,” Environmental Protection Agency,
www.epa.gov/methane
.

28
Jennifer Kho, “The Largest Cleantech VC: China,”
GigaOM
, February 26, 2010; also see “Towards a Global Green Recovery: Recommendations for Immediate G20 Action” (report submitted to the G20 London Summit, April 2, 2009).

29
“EU Energy Chief Wants 1 Trillion Euro Network Revamp,” Reuters, November 10, 2010.

30
Quoted in Christian Parenti, “The Case for EPA Action,”
The Nation
, April 15, 2010.

31
On IBM, see Linda Weiss and Elizabeth Thurbon, “The Business of Buying American: Public Procurement As Trade Strategy in the USA,”
Review of International Political Economy
13, no. 5 (December 2006): 701–724: 704. For a view of the Indian government's role in building up a technology sector with its purchasing power, see Rajeeva Sinha, “Government Procurement and Technological Capability: Case of Indian Electrical Equipment Industry,”
Economic and Political Weekly
29, no. 48 (November 26, 1994): 142–147.

32
For discussion of leftist green theories of capitalism, see Robyn Eckersley,
Environmentalism and Political Theory: Toward an Ecocentric Approach
(Albany: State University of New York Press, 1992); Ted Benton,
Natural Relations: Ecology, Animal Rights and Social Justice
(London: Verso, 1993).

33
John Bellemy Foster,
Marx's Ecology: Materialism and Nature
(New York: Monthly Review Press, 2000).

34
Karl Marx,
Capital
(New York: Penguin Classics, 1976), 1: 637.

35
Mary Douglas,
Purity and Danger: An Analysis of Concepts of Pollution and Taboo
(New York: Routledge, 1966), 41.

36
Heather Rogers,
Gone Tomorrow: The Hidden Life of Garbage
(New York: New Press, 2006).

Adaptation to climate change

definition/description

political adaptation

speed of change and

technical adaptation

See also
Military and security/climate change;
specific locations

Afghanistan

1973 coup d'état

Cold War competition in

Daud and

Durand Line and

environmental degradation of

Ghor Province

India-Pakistan conflicts and

India relationship

Pashtuns and

Saur Revolution

Soviet Union and

Taliban and

war in

Wardak

Zahir Shah's reign

Afghanistan/climate change

agriculture and

catastrophic convergence with

deforestation

desertification

droughts (2006–2010)

droughts/famines (1969–1973)

floods (2010)

Kabul River

Nangarhar Province's extreme weather

poppy as drought resistant

poppy eradication/effects

poppy growing/industry

snowmelt/rainfall changes

Taliban paying fighters and

violence and

Africa

1960s/1970s droughts and famines

Cuba and

desertification and

European “Scramble for Africa,”

Great Rift Valley

imported weapons and

kleptocracy

map

West/Central guerrilla armies

See also
East Africa;
specific locations

Africa's pastoralist corridor

cattle importance

description

desertification

drought/flash flooding

pastoralists' status

responses to water shortages

road trip in

Small Arms Survey

state failure and

violence causality

violence/gun culture

See also
East African cattle raids; Kenya; Turkana; Uganda

Africa's pastoralist corridor/cattle raiding

1970s droughts and

1980s drought and

British colonization and

causality

cheap guns and

Karamojong gunmen/Iteso conflicts

organized crime/political bosses and

resource conflicts

“traditional” cattle raiding

Agamben, Giorgio

Age of Consequences
(Campbell
et al.
)

Agnew, Spiro

Agroforestry

Aidid, Mohamed Farrah

Al-Maliki, Nouri

Al Qaeda

Alves, Dejacir

Amin, Hafizullah

Amin, Idi

background

See also
Uganda under Amin

Anderson, David

Andres, Peter

Angola

Anti-Intellectualism in American History
(Hofstadter)

Anwar, Raja

Apache

Araujo, Osmar Careinro

Arias, Enrique Desmond

Ariong, Lucas

Asia

map(fig.)

See also
Central Asian new states;
specific countries

Bakiyev, Kurmanbek

Banana wars

Bangladesh

Barnett, Thomas

Barnett's Core/Gap

Barre, Mohammed Siad

Barry, Tom

Bat populations decline

Beals, Carlton

Beck, Glenn

Bek, Ibrahim

Berlin Conference (1885)

Bevin, Ernest

Bheem, Komaram

Bhutto, Murtaza

Bin Laden, Osama

Blair, Dennis C.

Bolivia

climate change mitigation

description

IMF and

nationalization of industries

protests over gas industry

Boortz, Neal

Bourgeois, Philippe

Bowden, Charles

Braga, Marcio Romero de Araujo

Brazil

1930s Estado Novo

1983 protests

agroforestry

Bolsa Família

Cold War violence and

“crisis of violence” causes

debt

debt payoff

economy (1930s-1960s)

Growth Acceleration Program (PAC)

hyperinflation

import-substitution industrialization (ISI)

inequality

land reform and

military dictatorship

Movimento dos Trabalhadore Rurais Sem Terra (MST)

neoliberalism/effects

oil prices and

rolling back neoliberalism

São Paulo

tariffs

urban guerrillas

urbanization

Brazil, Rio

extreme weather

inequality

murder rate

Brazil, Rio/favelas

Comando Vermelho (CV) gang

description

gangs running

migration from countryside and

“pacification” program

police “management”/repression

poverty increase and

relative deprivation and

vigilantes and

violence

Brazil/climate change

agricultural adaptation

burning/monocropping

cities

disease and

ITCZ

migration from countryside

Nordeste
aid

Nordeste
extreme weather/effects

predictions

St. Luzia's Day ritual

Brenner, Robert

Brewer, Jan

Buchanan, Pat

Butler, Smedley

Calderón, Felipe

Caldwell, Charles

Campbell, Kurt

Cancún climate meeting/agreement

Capitalism

1970s saturation

catastrophic convergence and

“golden age” of

imperialism and

uneven development

Caravan
newspaper

Cárdenas, Lazaro

Cardoso, Fernando Henrique

Caritas (Catholic NGO)

Carter, Jimmy

Carvalha, Claudio

Castañeda, Jorge

Castro, Fidel

Catastrophic convergence

Cold War militarism and

counterinsurgency

geography of

neoliberal capitalism and

overview

responses

violent conflict risks

Central Asian new states

description

Fergana Valley

kleptocracy and

neoliberalism and

radical Islam and

violence

Cherokee

Cholera

Churchill, Winston

Climate change

atmospheric carbon dioxide statistics

Commodity Food Price Index and

environmental crisis causes and

environmental crisis vs.

geography of

greenhouse effect

locked-in effects

permafrost melting and

positive feedback loops

social challenges overview

speed of

statistics overview

tipping points

two degrees Celsius change

US energy economy and

Climate-change denialists

atomic-era physicists

Exxon

fossil fuel industry

IPCC attacks by

Koch brothers/Industries

Clinton, Bill

CNA Corporation report (2007)

COIN.
See
Counterinsurgency

Cold War

catastrophic convergence and

counterinsurgency legacy

cultivating proxies

Global South instability and

weapons legacy

See also
Counterinsurgency;
specific countries

Collier, Robert

Conflicting Missions: Havana, Washington, and Africa
, 1959–1976 (Gleijeses)

Conrad, Joseph

Counterinsurgency

banana wars

catastrophic convergence and

Central America

conventional warfare vs.

as “dirty wars,”

early doctrine on

legacy of violence/crime

Native Americans and

operational environment

social fabric destruction with

as “three-block war,”

US conventional military capacity and

war games

See also
Small wars;
specific wars

Crook, George

Cuba and Africa

Custer, George A.

Da Silva, Luiz Inácio Lula

Da Silva, William

Daud, Mohammed Khan

Defensive Duffers Drift, The
(Swinton)

Deforestation

Afghanistan

Africa

Brazil

India

mangroves

Mexico

Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC)

Belgian violence

governance/administration and

Kinshasa

Kisangani

kleptocracy

Dermota, Ken

Descent into Chaos: The United States and the Failure of Nation Building in Pakistan, Afghanistan, and Central Asia
(Rashid)

Desertification