Three Scientific Revolutions: How They Transformed Our Conceptions of Reality (38 page)

Compton, Arthur,
163
–
64
,
184
,
185

computer science,
14
–
15
,
230
–
31
,
239
–
40

brain compared to computer,
232
–
33

computers becoming aware,
232
–
38

Deep Blue beating Kasparov in chess,
232
,
238

“reverse engineering of the human brain,”
234
–
35
,
236
–
37

“Connection between Waves and Particles, The” (de Broglie),
184

consciousness,
31

computers becoming aware,
232
–
39
,
241

human consciousness,
237
–
38
,
242
–
43
,
246
–
47
,
248

conservation of momentum, principle of,
52
,
68

Constantine,
32

constant proportions, law of,
122
–
23

“contextual realism,”
15
,
18
,
204

“Copenhagen interpretation,”
183
,
203
,
220

Copernicus, Nicholas,
10
,
21
,
23
,
29
,
36
–
38
,
109
,
139

corpuscular-mechanics worldview of Newton,
36
,
50
,
52
,
63
–
90
,
117
,
141
,
142
,
155
,
204

objections to,
109
–
111
,
112
,
142
–
44

wave theory of light replacing,
112
–
13

“correspondence principle,”
181

“Cosmic Multiverse,”
220

Cosmographic Mystery, The [Mysterium Cosmographicum]
(Kepler),
20

cosmological theories

of “multiuniverses,”
14
,
216
–
17
,
220
,
224
,
227

of Newton,
13
,
198

Coulomb, Charles,
107
–
108

Courant, Richard,
191

Cox, John,
157

Crampton, W. Gary,
90

Crease, Robert P.,
191
,
193
,
195
–
96
,
206
,
207
,
208
,
214
–
15

Cremonini, Cesare,
46

Crick, Francis,
242
–
43

Crookes, William,
149
,
152

Curie, Marie,
150
–
51
,
156
,
157
,
158

Curie, Pierre,
150
,
156
,
157

Curiosity rover on Mars,
45
,
223

Cyril (successor to Theophilus),
33
,
34

cytosine (C),
243

Dalton, John,
93
,
118
,
123
–
30
,
132
,
135
,
137
,
147
,
175

dark energy,
14
,
224

“dark-matter particles,”
222
,
224
,
226

Darwin, Charles,
13
,
23
,
93
,
179
,
250

Darwin, Erasmus,
93
,
179

Davy, Humphrey,
113
,
131
,
132

“Dawn” (computer),
235

de Broglie, Louis,
184
,
185
–
86
,
194

Declaration of Independence,
18

deductive method of scientific explanation,
21
,
22
,
65
,
85
,
189

Deep Blue (computer),
232
,
238

deism,
87

De Magnete [On the Magnet]
(Gilbert),
38
,
94
–
96

Demetrius of Phaleron,
27

Democritus,
11
,
21
,
24
,
117
,
118
,
122
,
128
,
137
,
147

DeMoire, Abraham,
73

Demon-Haunted World: Science as a Candle in the Dark, The
(Sagan),
18
,
89
–
90
,
115

De Motu [On Motion]
(Galileo),
43

De motu corporum in gyrum [On the Motion of Bodies in Orbit]
(Newton),
73
–
74

De rerum natura [On the Nature of Things]
(Lucretius),
25

De revolutionibus orbium coelestium [On the Revolutions of Heavenly Spheres]
(Copernicus),
10
,
36

Desaguliers, John Theophilus,
98

Descartes, René,
10
,
23
,
50
,
52
,
61
,
67
–
68
,
69
,
70
,
79
,
83
,
89
,
93
,
109
,
117

Deutsch, David,
251
,
253

Dewey, John,
155

Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems—Ptolemaic & Copernican
(Galileo),
12
,
53
–
58

Dialogues Concerning Two New Sciences
(Galileo),
12
,
44
,
59
–
60

Different Descriptions of Logarithmic Canons [Merifici Logarithmorum Canonis Descriptio]
(Napier),
41

differential calculus (fluxions),
28
,
77
–
78
,
124

Diophantus,
32

Dioptrice
(Kepler),
40

Dirac, Paul,
178
,
184
,
192
–
93
,
198
,
199
,
206
–
207
,
208

“Fermi-Dirac statistics,”
210

Discourse on Bodies on or in Water
(Galileo),
47

diurnal rotation,
54
–
55

DNA,
224
,
242
–
44
,
247
,
249
–
50
,
254
,
255

“junk DNA,”
244

Drake, Stillman,
47
,
48
,
52
,
58
–
59
,
61

Dreams of a Final Theory
(Weinberg),
222

Dufay (du Fay), Charles François de Cisternay,
99
–
101
,
105

Dulong, Pierre,
132
–
33
,
134
,
135

Dumas, J. B. A.,
134

dynamic societies,
251
,
252
–
53
,
254

dynamo,
146

E
=
mc
²
,
81
,
163
,
168
,
194
,
211
,
223
.

See also
relativity, theories of

earth

age of,
217

as center of solar system,
10
,
11
,
12
,
20
,
21
,
23
,
36
,
37
,
45
,
49
,
90
,
252

distinction between celestial and terrestrial worlds,
13
,
23
,
36
,
45
,
47
,
49
,
64
,
77

diurnal rotation,
54
–
55

mapping of,
29
–
30

Ecphantos of Syracuse,
20

Eddington, Arthur,
172

Eightfold Way,
211
,
214

Einstein, Albert,
13
,
14
,
28
,
65
,
66
,
70
,
139
–
40
,
141
,
178
,
192
,
206
,
219
,
223
–
24
,
229

aversion to quantum mechanics,
162
,
183
,
215

“Bose-Einstein statistics,”
210

EPR article,
201
,
203
,
215

general theory of relativity,
140
,
168
,
171
,
226

and Infeld,
114
,
140
,
147

and Niels Bohr,
183
,
188
,
200

nonuniform motions,
170
–
71

photoelectric effect,
84
,
85
,
144
,
164
,
184
–
85

quantification of radiation,
179

and Schrödinger,
194

six articles published,
162
–
64

on space-time,
140
,
141
,
145
,
166
–
68
,
198

special theory of relativity,
77
,
145
,
163
,
164
,
166
,
169
,
203
,
226