Thomas Hardy (38 page)

8.  This date is deduced from the fact that the first burial performed by the Revd Henry M. A. Serjeant at St Clether was on 9 November 1868.

9.  The fact that the Serjeants and the Holders were acquainted is borne out by the fact that Cadell Holder officiated at a baptism at the Revd Serjeant’s church of St Clether in October 1870. Also, Serjeant was in attendance at a service held on 11 April 1872 at St Juliot to celebrate that church’s reopening, and on the following Sunday he preached there ‘in aid of the [church’s] building fund’. Kenneth Phelps, ‘Thomas Hardy and St Juliot Church’,
Thomas Hardy Year Book
, No 5 (St Peter Port, Guernsey: Toucan Press, 1976), p. 33.

10.  See Serjeant family tree. Information kindly supplied by the Devon Family History Society.

11.  Gelder, Michael, et al.,
Shorter Oxford Textbook of Psychiatry
, p. 316.

12.  John Serjeant married (first) Mary Ann Peters Benny, on 26 November 1810, at Callington, Cornwall, and had seven children, the sixth of whom was Henry Matthias Attwood Serjeant. John married (second) Louise Carter in 1840, at Charles church, Plymouth, and had at least three more children. (Information kindly supplied by Cornwall Family History Society.)

13.  The Revd Henry M. A. Serjeant was appointed vicar of Tresmere, Cornwall, when he left St Clether in 1879.

14.  Information kindly supplied by the Keeper of the Records, Queens’ College, Cambridge.

15.  Betsy Serjeant (born 1826), daughter of Richard Clemens, farmer of St Keyne, Cornwall, and his wife Betsy Blake. Cornwall Census, 1841.

16.  Emma Hardy,
Some Recollections
, p. 31.

1.  Florence Hardy to Rebekah Owen, 24 October 1915. By kind permission of Colby Special Collections, Miller Library, Waterville, Maine, USA.

2.  Florence Dugdale to Emma Hardy, 15 July 1910(?), in Michael Millgate (ed.),
Letters of Emma and Florence Hardy
, p. 61.

3.  Florence Dugdale to Edward Clodd, 19 November 1910, in Millgate, op. cit., p. 68.

4.  Florence Dugdale to Katharine Hardy, 20 October 1910, in Millgate, p. 64.

5.  Florence Dugdale to Mary Hardy, 9 August 1911, in Millgate, p. 72.

6.  Florence Dugdale to Edward Clodd, 11 December 1911, in Millgate, p. 73.

7.  Ibid., p. 65.

8.  Ibid., p. 74.

9.  Florence Dugdale to Edward Clodd, 16 January 1913, in Millgate, pp. 75–6.

10.  Florence Dugdale to Edward Clodd, 30 January 1913, in Millgate, pp. 76–7.

11.  A quotation from John Milton’s Sonnet XXII.

12.  Florence Dugdale to Edward Clodd, 7 March 1913, in Millgate, pp. 78–9.

13.  Florence Dugdale to Edward Clodd, 11 March 1913, in Millgate, p. 80.

14.  Florence Dugdale to Edward Clodd, 20 April 1913, in Millgate, p. 81.

15.  Florence Dugdale to Edward Clodd, 21 August 1913, in Millgate, p. 83.

16.  See Robert Gittings,
Young Thomas Hardy
, p. 187, where Gittings states, incorrectly, that ‘Emma’s father was not “in an asylum” or insane at the time of her marriage or at any other time; nor was he, as the second Mrs Hardy also said, a bankrupt’. Gittings was correct in stating that Gifford was not technically a bankrupt, but had it not been for the legacy left to him by his mother, he may well have been. See also Michael Millgate
, Letters of Emma and Florence Hardy
, p. 89, where Millgate, in his textual notes, states that ‘FEH [Florence] refers – with some exaggeration – to ELH’s [Emma’s] … father John Attersoll Gifford’. This is in reference to Florence Hardy’s letter to Edward Clodd of 3 December 1913, in which she describes John Attersoll Gifford as being ‘mad at times’. In fact, this was no exaggeration on Florence’s part, and mental illness among members of Emma’s family was more widespread, and yet at the same time closer to home, than either Gittings or Millgate imagined.

17.  Florence Dugdale to Edward Clodd, 3 December 1913, in Millgate, op. cit., pp. 87–9.

18.  Florence Dugdale to Edward Clodd, 1 January 1914, in Millgate, pp. 91–2.

19.  Florence Hardy to Lady Hoare, 22 July 1914, in Millgate, pp. 98–9.

20.  Florence Hardy to Rebekah Owen, 1 December 1914, in Millgate, pp. 101–2.

21.  Florence Hardy to Lady Hoare, 6 December 1914, in Millgate, pp. 103–4.

22.  Florence Hardy to Lady Hoare, 9 December 1914, in Millgate, p. 105.

23.  Florence Hardy to Lady Hoare, 9 December 1914, in Millgate, pp. 104–5.

24.  Florence Hardy to Rebekah Owen, 3 December 1915, in Millgate, p. 111.

25.  Florence Hardy to Rebekah Owen, 18 January 1916, in Millgate, p. 114.

26.  Florence Hardy to Sydney Cockerell, 9 September 1916, in Millgate, p. 119.

1.  Florence Emily Hardy,
The Life of Thomas Hardy
, p. 378.

2.  From the Book of Daniel in the Bible.

3.  Vere H. Collins,
Talks with Thomas Hardy at Max Gate
, p. 25.

4.  Evelyn Hardy,
Thomas Hardy: A Critical Biography
, p. 273.

5.  Ibid., p. 273.

6.  Florence Emily Hardy, op. cit., p. 383.

7.  Ibid., p. 384.

8.  Florence Hardy to Sydney Cockerell, 17 February 1918, in Michael Millgate (ed.),
Letters of Emma and Florence Hardy
, p. 139.

9.  Florence Emily Hardy, op. cit., p. 387.

10.  Michael Millgate (ed.),
The Collected Letters of Thomas Hardy
, Vol. 5, pp. 303–4.

11.  Florence Emily Hardy, op. cit., p. 390.

12.  Millgate (ed.),
The Collected Letters of Thomas Hardy
, Vol. 5, p. 309.

13.  Florence Hardy to Louise Yearsley, 10 August 1919, in Millgate (ed.),
Letters of Emma and Florence Hardy
, pp. 159–60.

14.  Florence Hardy to Sydney Cockerell, 19 August 1919, in ibid., p. 161.

15.  Florence Hardy to Sydney Cockerell, 25 September 1919, in ibid., p. 163.

16.  Hardy to Charles Edwin Gifford, 3 November 1919. Bristol University Library: Special Collections.

17.  Millgate (ed.),
Letters of Emma and Florence Hardy
, p. 165.

18.  Ibid., p. 166.

19.  Ibid., p. 171. Gertrude Bugler married her cousin, Ernest F. Bugler, farmer of Woodbury House, Beaminster, Dorset.

20.  Ibid., p. 172.

21.  Ibid., p. 175.

22.  Ibid., Vol. 6, p. 16.

23.  Florence Emily Hardy, op. cit., p. 405.

24.  Ibid., p. 407.

25.  Millgate (ed.),
The Collected Letters of Thomas Hardy
, Vol. 6, p. 48.

26.  Thomas Hardy to Edmund Gosse, 28 January 1918, in ibid., p. 246.

27.  Florence Emily Hardy, op. cit., p. 415.

28.  J. Stevens Cox,
Thomas Hardy: Materials for a Study of his Life, Times and Works
, Monogram Nos 5, 6, 7, 14.

1.  Florence Hardy to Sydney Cockerell, 3 August 1922, in Michael Millgate (ed.),
Letters of Emma and Florence Hardy
, p. 186.

2.  Michael Millgate (ed.),
The Collected Letters of Thomas Hardy
, Vol. 6, p. 169.

3.  Ibid., p. 206.

4.  Florence Hardy to Marie Stopes, 14 September 1923, in Millgate (ed.),
Letters of Emma and Florence Hardy
, p. 203.

5.  Millgate (ed.),
The Collected Letters of Thomas Hardy
, Vol. 6, p. 247.

6.  Florence Hardy to Sydney Cockerell, 8 August 1925, in Millgate (ed.),
Letters of Emma and Florence Hardy
, p. 226.

7.  Florence Emily Hardy,
The Life of Thomas Hardy
, p. 430.

8.  Florence Hardy to Sydney Cockerell, Christmas Day 1925, in Millgate (ed.),
Letters of Emma and Florence Hardy
, p. 234.

9.  Florence Emily Hardy, op. cit., p. 431.

10.  Millgate (ed.),
The Collected Letters of Thomas Hardy
, Vol. 7, p. 9.

11.  Florence Hardy to Philip Ridgeway, 16 March 1926, in Millgate (ed.),
Letters of Emma and Florence Hardy
, pp. 238–9.

12.  Millgate (ed.),
The Collected Letters of Thomas Hardy
, Vol. 7, p. 32.

13.  Florence Emily Hardy, op. cit., p. 443.

14.  Millgate (ed.),
The Collected Letters of Thomas Hardy
, Vol. 7, p. 89.

1.  J. Stevens Cox,
Thomas Hardy: Materials for a Study of his Life, Times and Works
, Monogram No 12.

2.  Florence Hardy to Edmund Gosse, 5 February 1928, in Michael Millgate (ed.),
Letters of Emma and Florence Hardy
, p. 267.

3.  Florence Hardy to T.E.Lawrence, 5 March 1928, in ibid., pp. 274–5.

4.  Florence Hardy to Sydney Cockerell, 10 December 1928, in ibid., p. 285.

5.  Florence Hardy to Siegfried Sassoon, 11 July 1929, in ibid., pp. 296–7.

6.  Florence Hardy to Howard Bliss, 29 September 1929, in ibid., p. 301.

7.  Florence Hardy to Howard Bliss, 10 January 1931, in ibid., p. 312.

1.  Michael Gelder, Paul Harrison & Philip Cowen,
Shorter Oxford Textbook of Psychiatry
, p. 169.

2.  Ibid.

3.  Editorial,
American Journal of Psychiatry
, 151: 4 April 1994.

4.  Joseph J. Schildkraut, Alissa J. Hirshfeld & Jane M. Murphy, ‘Mind and Mood in Modern Art, II: Depressive Disorders, Spirituality, and Early Deaths in the Abstract Expressionist Artists of the New York School’,
American Journal of Psychiatry
, 151: 1994, pp. 482–8.

5.  N.J.C. Andreasen, ‘Ariel’s Flight: the Death of Sylvia Plath’,
Journal of the American Medical Association
, 228: 1974, pp. 595–9.

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Young Thomas Hardy
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–—. 1979.
Some Recollections
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–—. 1990. ‘The New Wessex Edition’ of his novels, including
Desperate Remedies
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Far from the Madding Crowd
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The Hand of Ethelberta
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Jude the Obscure
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A Laodicean
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The Mayor of Casterbridge
,
A Pair of Blue Eyes
,
The Return of the Native
,
Tess of the D’Urbervilles
,
The Trumpet Major
,
Two on a Tower
,
Under the Greenwood Tree
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The Well-Beloved
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The Woodlanders
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–—. 1955.
Notebook
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–—. 1978.
The Personal Notebooks of Thomas Hardy
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Hardy, Novelist and Poet
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The First Mrs Thomas Hardy
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In the Footsteps of Thomas and Emma Hardy
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Memories
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Thomas Hardy: A Biography
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–—. 1996.
Letters of Emma and Florence Hardy
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The Life and Letters of Sir Henry Newbolt
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–—. 1975.
The Wormwood Cup
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Hardy’s Wessex Locations
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: A Century of Caring
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